• Title/Summary/Keyword: Vascular surgery

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Compression Neuropathy (압박성 신경병증)

  • Kim, Byung-Sung
    • The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.128-133
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    • 2008
  • Nerve compression is caused by external force or internal pathology, which symptom develops along nerve distribution. There are median, ulnar and radial nerve compression neuropathies below elbow. Carpal tunnel syndrome at the flexor retinaculum is most common among all the entrapment neuropathies. Other causes of median nerve neuropathy include Struther's ligament, biceps aponeurosis, pronator teres, FDS aponeurosis and aberrant muscles, which induce pronator syndrome or anterior interosseous nerve syndrome. Ulnar nerve can be compressed at the elbow by arcade of Struther, medial epicondylar groove, FCU two heads, which develops cubital tunnel syndrome, at the wrist by ganglion, fracture of hamate hook and vascular problem, which develops Guyon's canal syndrome. Radial tunnel syndrome is caused by supinator muscle, which compresses its deep branch. Treatment is conservative at initial stage like NSAID, night splint or steroid injection. If symptom persists, operative treatment should be considered after electrodiagnostic or imaging studies.

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Congenital Hemagiopericytoma in the Flexor Digitorium Profundus Muscle of the Distal Forearm - A Case Report - (전완 원위부 심 수지 굴근에 발생한 선천성 혈관 외피세포종 - 증례 보고 -)

  • Kim, Jung-Ryul;Jang, Kyu-Yun;Lee, Sang-Yong
    • The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.146-151
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    • 2007
  • Hemangiopericytoma is a rare malignant vascular tumor that usually occurs in adults. The occurrence of these tumors in infants, known as congenital or infantile hemangiopericytoma, is even rare and their behavior may be more benign than the adult type. Despite of the generally good prognosis associated with this neoplasm, a complete surgical excision has so far been recommended to avoid recurrence, because no definite criteria for determining whether or not the tumor will regress spontaneously have been established to date. We describe a 1-day-old male neonate with congenital hemangiopericytoma, presenting with a left forearm mass at birth. Wide resection was performed at 65 days of age and hemangiopericytoma was diagnosed by histology. There was no tumor recurrence during 32 months of follow-up.

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Effects on the Tissue Reaction Using GI Cement in the Maxillary Grade II Furcation in the Beagle Dogs (성견 상악 치근 이개부 병소에 Glass Ionomer Cement 충전 시 조직 반응에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Yong-Gon;Chung, Chin-Hyung;Lim, Sung-Bin
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.793-803
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    • 2000
  • Procedures for treatment of molar furcation invasion defects range from open flap debridement, apically repositioned flap surgery, hemisection, tunneling or extraction, to regenerative therapies using bone grafting or guided tissue regenerative therapy, or a combination of both. Several clinical evaluations using regenerative techniques have reported the potential for osseous repair of treated furcation invasions. Regenerative treatment of maxillary molars are more difficult due to the multiple root anatomy and multiple furcation entrances therefore, purpose of this study was to evaluated histologically self-curing glass-ionomer cement and light-curing glass-ionomer cement as a barrier in the treatment of a bi-furcated maxillary premolar. Five adult beagle dogs were used in this experiment. With intrasulcular and crestal incision, mucoperiosteal flap was elevated. Following decortication with 1/2 high speed round bur, degree II furcation defect was made on maxillary third(P3), forth(P4) and fifth(P5) premolar. 2 month later experimental group were self-curing glassionomer cement and light-curing glassionomer cement. After 4, 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed by vascular perfusion. Tissue block was excised including the tooth and prepared for light microscope with Gomori's trichrome staining. Results were as follows. 1. In all experiment group, there were not epithelial down growth and glass ionomer cement were encapsulated connective tissue. 2. In 4 weeks experiment I group slighly infiltrated inflammatory cells but not disturb the new bone or new cementum formation. 3. In 8 weeks, experiment groups I, II were encapsulated fine connective tissue. 4. Therefore glass-ionomer cement filling to the grade III maxillary furcations with multiple root anatomy and multiple furcation entrances were possible clinical methods and this technique is useful method for Maxillary furcation involvement.

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A Case of Takayasu's Arteritis with Multiple Occlusion of Pulmonary Arteries (다발성 폐동맥 폐쇄를 동반한 Takayasu 동맥염 1예)

  • Jung, Ja-Hun;Lee, Kyung-Jin;Lee, Kyung-Sang;Yang, Suck-Chul;Yoon, Ho-Joo;Shin, Dong-Ho;Park, Sung-Soo;Lee, Jung-Hee;Choi, Yo-Won
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.267-273
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    • 1996
  • Takayasu's arteritis(aortoarteritis) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the aorta, the arteries arising from the aorta, and the pulmonary arteries also may be involved. The inflammation leads to either stenosis and occlusion of the involved artery or formation of aneurysm or both. The arterial lesions can lead to secondary hypertension, retinopathy, cardiac involvement, cerebrovascular events, and premature death. The course and prognosis of patients with aortoarteritis show wide variation, and few authors have published systematic studies documenting the natural history of this disease. While the etiology of Takayasu's arteritis remains unknown, various modes of treatment including steroids, vascular surgery, and balloon angioplasty have been used for management of these patients. We experienced a case of Takayasu's arteritis with multiple occlusion of pulmonary arteries, which was confirmed by angiography and perfusion scan, so reported it with a review of literature.

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Atorvastatin pretreatment attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal neuronal death via regulation of lipocalin-2-associated neuroinflammation

  • Jin, Zhen;Jung, Yohan;Yi, Chin-ok;Lee, Jong Youl;Jeong, Eun Ae;Lee, Jung Eun;Park, Ki-Jong;Kwon, Oh-Young;Lim, Byeong Hoon;Choi, Nack-Cheon;Roh, Gu Seob
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.301-309
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    • 2018
  • Statins mediate vascular protection and reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Recent work indicates that statins have anticonvulsive effects in the brain; however, little is known about the precise mechanism for its protective effect in kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures. Here, we investigated the protective effects of atorvastatin pretreatment on KA-induced neuroinflammation and hippocampal cell death. Mice were treated via intragastric administration of atorvastatin for 7 days, injected with KA, and then sacrificed after 24 h. We observed that atorvastatin pretreatment reduced KA-induced seizure activity, hippocampal cell death, and neuroinflammation. Atorvastatin pretreatment also inhibited KA-induced lipocalin-2 expression in the hippocampus and attenuated KA-induced hippocampal cyclooxygenase-2 expression and glial activation. Moreover, AKT phosphorylation in KA-treated hippocampus was inhibited by atorvastatin pretreatment. These findings suggest that atorvastatin pretreatment may protect hippocampal neurons during seizures by controlling lipocalin-2-associated neuroinflammation.

Neuroprotective Effect of Chronic Intracranial Toxoplasma gondii Infection in a Mouse Cerebral Ischemia Model

  • Lee, Seung Hak;Jung, Bong-Kwang;Song, Hyemi;Seo, Han Gil;Chai, Jong-Yil;Oh, Byung-Mo
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.58 no.4
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    • pp.461-466
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    • 2020
  • Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that can invade various organs in the host body, including the central nervous system. Chronic intracranial T. gondii is known to be associated with neuroprotection against neurodegenerative diseases through interaction with host brain cells in various ways. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of chronic T. gondii infection in mice with cerebral ischemia experimentally produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. The neurobehavioral effects of cerebral ischemia were assessed by measurement of Garcia score and Rotarod behavior tests. The volume of brain ischemia was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The expression levels of related genes and proteins were determined. After cerebral ischemia, corrected infarction volume was significantly reduced in T. gondii infected mice, and their neurobehavioral function was significantly better than that of the uninfection control group. Chronic T. gondii infection induced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in the brain before MCAO. T. gondii infection also increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor after the cerebral ischemia. It is suggested that chronic intracerebral infection of T. gondii may be a potential preconditioning strategy to reduce neural deficits associated with cerebral ischemia and induce brain ischemic tolerance through the regulation of HIF-1α expression.

A Case of Kimura's Disease Occurring During Remission of Steroid-responsive Nephrotic Syndrome (소아에서 스테로이드 반응성 신증후군의 관해기에 발병한 Kimura 병의 1례)

  • Bae Keun-Wook;Lee Min-Kyu;Lee Joo-Hoon;Huh Joo-Ryung;Park Young-Seo
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.52-57
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    • 2006
  • Kimura's disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology which appears primarily in young Asian males as non-tender subcutaneous swellings in the head and neck region. Histologic characteristics are the presence of lymphoid follicles, vascular proliferation and infiltration of eosinophils. Peripheral eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE are frequently combined. Systemic steroid therapy with surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment, though recurrence after surgery or discontinued steroid treatment is common. It has been known that about 16% of the cases are associated with renal diseases, particularly nephrotic syndrome. We present an 8-year-old boy with a past history of steroid-responsive, infrequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome who developed right buccal swelling and peripheral eosinophilia during the remission state. He has been managed with surgical resection, steroid and cyclosporine due to multiple recurrences.

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A Case of Moyamoya Disease Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 in Patients with Renal Artery Stenosis and Hypertension (제 1형 신경섬유종증에 합병된 모야모야병에서 신장동맥 협착을 동반한 고혈압)

  • Seo, Young Ho;Yim, Hyung Eun;Yoo, Kee Hwan
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.143-148
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    • 2013
  • Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder, which can affect different organs or systems of the body, including the cardiovascular system. One of the more serious aspects of the disease relates to arterial involvement. In particular, renal artery stenosis is one of the most common vascular abnormalities in patients with NF-1, and the manifestations vary, ranging from no symptoms to end-stage renal failure. Treatment usually consists of antihypertensive drugs, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, or surgery. Other causes of hypertension should be ruled out and the patient followed up for close monitoring and proper management. We report a case of bilateral renal artery stenosis and hypertension in a patient with moyamoya disease associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. This report discusses the literature available on the current subject, its clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.

Inhibitory Effects of (-) Epigallocatechin Gallate and Quercetin on High Glucose-induced Endothelial Cytotoxicity

  • Choi Yean Jung;Kwon Hyang Mi;Choi Jung Suk;Bae Ji Young;Kang Sang Wook;Lee Sang Soo;Lee Yong Jin;Kang Young Hee
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.3-8
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    • 2006
  • Functional damage to microvascular endothelial cells by hyperglycemia is thought to be one of the critical risk factor.; in the impaired wound healing seen with diabetes mellitus. It is also thought that oxidative stress plays a significant role in this endothelial cell dysfunction. The present study examined the differential effects of flavonoids on endothelial cell dysfunction under high glucose conditions. Human endothelial cells exposed to 30 mmol/L glucose for 7 d were pre-treated with various flavonoids and pulse-treated with 0.2 mmol/L $H_2O_2$ for 30 min. High glucose markedly decreased cell viability with elevated oxidant generation and nuclear condensation. $H_2O_2$ insult exacerbated endothelial cytotoxicity due to chronic exposure to high glucose. (-)Epigallocatechin gallate and quercetin improved glucose-induced cell damage with the disappearnnce of apoptotic bodies, whereas apigenin intensified the glucose cytotoxicity. In addition, cell viability data revealed that these flavonoids of (-)epigallocatechin gallate and quercetin substantially attenuated both high glucose- and $H_2O_2$- induced dual endothelial damage. These results suggest that (-)epigallocatechin gallate and quercetin may be beneficial agents for improving endothelial cell dysfunction induced by high glucose and may prevent or reduce the development of diabetic vascular complications.

Encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis(EDAS) using Occipital Artery in Children with Moyamoya Disease

  • Choi, In-Jae;Hong, Seok-Ho;Cho, Byung-Kyu;Wang, Kyu-Chang;Kim, Seung-Ki
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.413-418
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    • 2005
  • Objective : Although an encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis procedure using the superficial temporal artery [STA-EDAS] is an effective indirect bypass method in children with moyamoya disease[MMD], there is still a need for an additional bypass operation that can cover the area of the posterior circulation. The goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the EDAS procedure using the occipital arteries [OA-EDAS]. Methods : From August 2003 to April 2004, We performed OA-EDAS in sixteen patients with MMD who have a circulatory insufficiency in the territory of the posterior cerebral artery[PCA]. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively. The surgical outcomes, including the changes in neurological status and imaging studies, with the degree of neovascularization on the cerebral angiogram, and the hemodynamic changes on single-photon emission computed tomography[SPECT], were analyzed. Results : These 16 children consisted of 5 boys and 11 girls aged 2 to 9 years. The clinical outcome of their PCA symptoms, such as visual transient ischemic attacks[TIAs] or visual field defect, was favorable in 14 patients of 16. Nine patients of 11 who underwent follow up magnetic resonance imaging[MRI] showed favorable MRI changes. On angiogram most of the patients exhibited good or fair revascularization of the PCA territory [7 of 8]. The hemodynamic changes on SPECT in the PCA territory after surgery showed improved vascular reserve in 13 of the 16 territories. Conclusion : OA-EDAS is a safe and efficacious revascularization procedure in patients with MMD who have compromised cerebral perfusion in PCA territory, or with visual TIAs.