• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1985

The bipinnate-compound leaf of Parkia clappertoniana has prominent, long petiole with a pulvinal base. The pulvinus has wood, periderm, lenticels and extensive cortical layer. Its vascular bundles are elongated with alternating rays. The vascular bundles of the petiole, rachis and veins are oval, with conspicuous bundle caps. Stomatal complex is predominantly paracytic with occasional occurrence of anomocytic stomata near the midrib. The oval stomata have conspicuous stomatal ledges. Trichomes are unicellular, acicular and restricted to the rachis, petiole and pinnule mid-ribs and margin. Ecological and taxonomic significance of features is discussed.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제12권3호통권18호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to introduce the differential standard of the types of Acori Graminei Rhizoma. We established the classificatory standard according to the external and internal morphology for the several types of Acori Graminei Rhizoma. 1. External shape: Acorus gramineus has smaller size and fibroidal section. A. calamus has bigger size and cancellate section. A. tatarinowii has middle size and fibroidal section. Anemone altaica has very small long-spindle shape and flat section that has 6-12 row of vascular bundle. 2. Internal shape: Acorus gramineus has some bundle sheath fiber, but A. calamus has not. A. tatarinowii has many calcium oxalate crystalloid around bundle sheath. Anemone altaica has obscure cambium. All sample except A. altaica, in the mass, has scattered bundle, thin cell wall, broad cortex and well-developed endodermis. For the future, such results will be used as the basic source of additional research, and a far-reaching comparative study is needed to distinguish between many kinds of same genus-degree of relatedness.

• Mycobiology
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

Detailed structures of ectomycorrhizae formed in Pinus roots were observed with various microscopes: light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopes. The mantles and Hartig nets commonly found in the structure of ectomycorrhiza were newly observed according to developmental stage by various staining. The mycelia were observed to be composed of coiled types on the surface of epidermal root during early stage and fused to form mantles of smooth fungal layers, loosing mycelia with some viscous liquid secreted. The ectomycorrhizal hyphae in anatomical roots penetrated the cortical layer and formed obviously mantle and Hartig net. The round spots of ectomycorrhizal mycelia were observed morphological distribution from the cortical layer to vascular bundle of stele in the ectomycorrhizal roots of Pinus species and especially scattered at the area of meristem at the root tip as longitudinal sections. Those mycelia penetrated seemed to move into other roots by means of vascular bundle of ectomycorrhizal roots and newly form ectomycorrhizal roots of dichotomous branches.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2003

The rhizome of Acorus calamus Linn. is commonly known as "Vacha" in indigenous systems of medicine. It is distributed in marshy tracts of Kashmir, Sirmaur (Himachal Pradesh), Manipur and the Naga hills. It is regularly cultivated in Koratagere Taluk in Karnataka and other parts of India. This study deals with the detailed pharmacognostical evaluation of the dried rhizomes of Acorus calamus collected from DehraDun (Uttaranchal), Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh). The commercial sample procured from Delhi market was also evaluated to observe the difference between collected and market samples. Dried rhizome is vertically compressed, pale yellow to dark brown and occasionally orangish brown in colour. Transverse section showed two distinct region with scattered, concentric vascular bundles surrounded by fibrous bundle sheath. Some vascular bundles just beneath the endodermis devoid of bundle sheath. Though the botanical and physico-chemical characters of all the samples were quite similar but some variations were observed in High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprint profile, the essential oil content and total percentage of asarone which was found to be highest in Lucknow and lowest in Delhi market sample. These variations may be explained due to some edaphic factors or storage conditions. An attempt was also made to test antioxidant activity (in vitro) and it was found to be 88% at 0.2 g/ml concentration.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2005

The extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle island flap is a reliable, safe method for coverage of foot and ankle. There are many variation in approach such as curvilinear, zigzag, L-shaped or vertical longitudinal incision for exposure of the EDB muscle. These approaches use only single incision excluding the distal incision for exposure of the distal tendon. Since dorsalis pedis artery vascular bundle and sinus tarsi branch of the lateral tarsal artery both requires careful dissection, single incision alone may cause not only difficulty in exposure but also skin sloughing at donor site. So we tried to modify the approach into two parallel longitudinal incision, one for dorsalis pedis vascular bundle and the other for sinus tarsi branch exposure. The author treated 9 patient with EDB muscle flap. We used single incision in six patients, and two parallel incision in three patients. All the flap survived. In two parallel incision group, dissection was more easy and rapid. So we would like to suggest that two parallel longitudinal incision approach is better method than the single incision technique for exposure of the EDB muscle flap.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2001

Salsoloid Kranz구조를 지닌 다육질성의 Salsola komaravii의 두 단계 잎의 광합성 엽육조직에 대하여 LM 및 TEM에 의한 구조적 분화발달 양상을 연구하였다. 수분저장조직을 둘러싸는 내부 유관속세포층 및 외부 엽육세포층으로 구성된 두 층의 광합성조직은 어린 잎에서는 연결되어 발달하나 성숙한 잎에서는 불연속적으로 발달하였다. 중앙의 유관속 외 다수의 미세맥들은 대개 내부 유관속세포층과 접하여 형성되며 발달초기에는 이 두 세포층의 구조적 차이는 뚜렷하지 많았다. 이들 엽육조직이 신장 발달하면 franz구조 내 내부 유관속 세포층과 외부 엽육세포층은 세포형태, 세포소기관의 분포, 엽록체의 내부 특성, 세포벽의 비후, 원형질연락사의 발달양상 등에서 현저한 차이를 보이며 구조적으로 분화하였다. 특히 이들이 지닌 엽록체의 미세구조 및 원형질 연락사 등의 특성은 생화학적으로 알려진 NADP-ME 유형과 거의 일치하였다. 이들은 세포특이성을 나타내는 C-4 광합성 효소의 발현양상을 조사하는 세포 면역화학법과 접목되어 연구될 것이다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.29-34
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• 1960

From the view point of phytopathological anatomy, the author has tried to study the effect of the shoot cluster disease virus on the internal structure of vascular tissues of chinese date tree (Ziziphus jujuba var. inermis Rehd.) comparing healthy checks and diseased plants. The materials were collected at the several sites, Kumgock-Ri, Masuc-Ri, Kyungi-Do, and near the campus of Korea University and around the area of Chongam-Dong, Seoul City, from August 15th to September 5th 1959. The leaf materials of healthy and diseased plants are fixed and aspirated in two kinds of killing solutions, formalin-acetic acid alcohol solution and Craf III solution. Sections were cut at 5-10$\mu$ thickness and stained with the double staining reagents of safranin and fast green. In this experiment the author has observed that there are marked structural changes in the infected plants in contrast of healthy checks. As figures 3-7 show that the following characteric changes have taken place on infected plants: 1) the arrangement of irregularly developed sieve elements in phloem, 2) the degeneration of phloem elements, 3) the irregular arrangement of epidermis in mid-vein, 4) more necrosis is observed among the parenchymatous cells, 5) abundant accumulatin of starch grains in parenchymatous cells, . In contrast to the above irregularities caused by the virus disease, the healthy checks appear normal structures as shown in figures 1 and 2. In adding to the all features noted above, the author could also observe an interesting feature that the xylem elements in mid-vein vascular bundle tissues are considerably disorganized to show the unspecialized vessel elements, the irregularly arranged xylem elements. However, this kind of irregularities which occur in xylem under the virus infection has not been reported previously. The features noted on the internal structure of vascular bundle under the condition of infection by the shoot cluster disease on chinese date trees appear to be more or less closely similar to the symptoms of the bunchy-top of banana and the yellow dwarf disease of barley in respect to the fact that whether phloem necrosis takes place as a primary symptom or a secondary symptom. In all these disease, primary histological changes of hypoplasia and hypertrophy are preceeded by the necrosis of phloem.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.309-319
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• 2023

Bamboo culm is in the form of a tube/pipe, composed of internodes which are bounded by a partition/diaphragm (node). Anatomically, bamboo is composed of vascular bundles and parenchyma ground tissue. One of the constituents of vascular bundles is fibers that are grouped to form a fiber sheath. The anatomical structure of the nodes and internodes is thought to influence the strength of bamboo strips, including tensile strength. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of vascular bundles (distribution and fiber percentage) and their effects on the density and tensile strength of Gigantochloa apus bamboo strips with and without nodes. The bamboo culms were divided into three parts (outer, middle, and inner) along the radial direction. The results showed that the distribution of vascular bundles and percentage of fiber sheaths decreased significantly from the outer to the inner layer. This also had a significantly decreased density and tensile strength. Furthermore, the number of vascular bundles (in the transverse plane) was greater in the internodes than in the nodes. Anatomically, the orientation of the vascular bundles at irregular nodes is observed in the radial and tangential planes, where the direction is not only in the axial direction, but also in the radial and tangential directions. This caused the tensile strength of the G. apus bamboo strips to be lower at the nodes than at the internodes.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 1987

This study was carried out to elucidate the physiological and ecological mechamism of the branch pattern and electronmicroscopic structure of photosynthetic organs in Zoysia japonica Steud. The angles between the internodes of rhizome and the branches of Z.iaponica were changed from 0 to 52 degrees. The rhizomes tended to branch from the 3th node to the 10th node. When the terminal bud was damaged by various environmental factors, the initial branching formation was appeared immediately to the 4th node. The internode growth of the rhizome started from the beginning of April and continued to the end of Octobor. It became evident that there is a division labor between two different kinds of photosynthetic cells of mesophyll and bundle sheath tissues in Z.japonica The thick-walled bundle sheath cells surrounds the leaf vascular bundles as the Kranz type and separates them from the mesophyll cells.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.275-308
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• 2007

한국산 부추속 16종 5변종의 총 21분류군에 대하여 성적특성, 지하부의 구조 및 형태, 지상부의 생자양상, 엽신과 화경의 모양 및 내부구조, 화피, 화사 및 암술의 형태 등의 외부형태형질을 재검토하였다. 그 결과를 토대로 각 분류형질의 특수화 및 진화경향성을 고찰하였고, 분류군들간의 유연관계와 계통을 추론하였다. 진화경향성이 있는 형질은 근경과 인경을 포함한 지하부, 잎, 화경, 화서, 화사 및 자방의 모양 등이었다. 근경의 형태는 비후형에서 미세형으로 발달하였고, 인경의 외피는 얇은 막질에서 그물상 섬유질로 진화한 것으로 여겨졌다. 막질의 초상엽은 달래에서만 관찰된 파생형질이였으며, 엽신은 단면이 둥글고 유관속이 환상으로 배열하는 것에서 각진 형태를 거쳐 단면이 납작하고 넓어지면서 유관속이 1열로 배열하는 것으로 분화한 것으로 추정되었다. 화경의 개화 전 생장은 직립하는 것이, 그리고 화사는 치편이 발달하지 않은 것이 원시적이며 자방은 실 당 2개의 배주를 가지는 것에서 1개씩 가지는 것으로 진화한 것으로 여겨졌다. 한편 성적특성, 지하부의 구조, 막질의 초상엽의 존재유무 및 잎의 내부구조는 아속 수준에서, 지하경 및 인경의 형태, 잎의 모양, 화경 및 소화경의 모양은 아속 내 절 수준에서 분류체계를 결정해 주는 좋은 식별형질이었다. 화피와 화사의 모양 및 배열은 자방 및 주두의 모양과 함께 종을 구분해 주는 좋은 식별형질이었다.