• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.31-37
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• 2013

Purpose - The objective of this research is to be acquainted with the spending patterns and buying motives of Indian gold consumers along with the opinions of gold traders. Research design, data, and methodology - The study administers a structured questionnaire survey with 450 consumers and conducts personal interviews with 60 gold businesspersons in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, a leading gold consuming state in the entire country. Using Analysis of Variance, the collected data was analyzed and the hypotheses were tested. Results - Results indicate that 85 percent of Indian gold consumers are purchasing gold in the form of ornaments and jewellery as against 10 percent invested in gold coins/bars. Another 5 percent consumers is investing in gold by choosing either gold traded mutual funds or gold schemes introduced by corporate gold traders. Conclusions - Majority of the Indian gold consumers are considering occasions and festivities while buying gold and then giving preference to price as against least preference to recommendations of brand ambassadors.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate symptom clusters experienced by patients on hemodialysis and to identify relations between symptom clusters and quality of life. Methods: Data were collected from 127 patients at 10 local hemodialysis clinics. Symptoms were measured using 10-item physical symptom checklist as well as the Hospital Anxiety depression Scale. Quality of life was measured with the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Data were analyzed using factor analysis, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The most frequently reported symptoms included fatigue, itching, depression, numbness/tingling, and insomnia. Four distinct symptom clusters were identified: cluster 1 was comprised of dry mouth, headache, nausea (gastrointestinal); cluster 2 of decreased appetite, insomnia (basic need); cluster 3 of itching, numbness/tingling (sensory-comfort); and cluster 4 of fatigue, depression (mood-vitality). Among the clusters, the 'basic need' cluster and 'mood-vitality' cluster had a significant negative association with quality of life. The 'mood-vitality' cluster, explained 17.4% of the variance in quality of life. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that comprehensive symptom assessment provides better symptom management for patients on hemodialysis. Further studies are needed to verify symptom clusters identified in this study.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.26-42
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• 1989

This study was designed to investigate the relation between mother's interaction strategies and self-regulation of young children from a Vygotskian perspective. The hypotheses of this study were: 1) The self-regulation of young children will improve with increase in age, 2) the use of mothers' interaction strategies will increase as child's age decreases, 3) mothers' directiveness in the mother-child interaction depends on the age of child and socio-economic level, and 4) mothers' directiveness in the mother-child interaction will have negative relationship with child's self-regulation. The subjects of this study were 60 mother-child dyads with three different age-of-child groups (3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds). They were further divided into higher and lower socio-economic groups. A puzzle task was used for the measurement of self-regulation. The task consisted of two identical puzzles with one used as the model. The collected data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$, one-way and two-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's r. Self-regulation of the young children improved with increase in age (P < .05). The use of mothers' interaction strategy decreased as the children's age increased (P < .05). Mothers' directiveness in the mother-child interaction was influenced by the age of child (P < .01) and by socioeconomic level (P < .05). There was a negative correlation (r=-.848) between the mothers' directiveness in the mother-child interaction and the child's self-regulation (P < .001).

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2007

This study was conduced to identify the preference and intake frequencies of traditional Korean foods by Chinese-Koreans in the Yanbian region of China based on the hometown of the female head of household. Data were collected from 261 Korean housewives living in Yanbian. Twenty-six kinds of daily food items were surveyed. Analysis of variance was used to compare the similarities and differences among the three groups, which were divided according to hometowns in North Korea, South Korea, and China. The results for the traditional Korean daily food preferences showed that housewives born in South Korea are more likely to prefer cereal soup, vegetables soup, and fermented rice punch than housewives from North Korea and China. Considering the intake frequencies of traditional Korean foods, Korean housewives born in China are more likely to eat boiled rice and a bun stuffed with seasoned meat and vegetables, as well as beef and vegetables cooked in a casserole than housewives with hometowns in South Korea and North Korean. In this article, similarities and differences in the preferences and intake frequencies of traditional Korean foods are discussed, and implications for nutritionists as well as food marketers are provided.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.20-24
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• 2015

Recently, the light guide plate (LGP), a component of the BLU, becomes thinner and larger than ever. In industrial field, specialized injection molding technique is applied to mold the ultra-thin LGP such as a ultra-high speed injection molding. Usually very high melt temperature is used for low viscosity. High injection speed and melt temperature lead to yellowing of LGP. In the present paper a series of injection molding experiment was performed under various injection molding conditions. Yellow index, CIE xy, spectral transmittance of sample were measured using the UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Systematic decrease of spectral transmittance in UV-B range was found as the melt temperature was higher. Yellow index and CIE xy were became higher near the gate location in LGP. From the result of analysis of variance, the main factor to affect for yellow index was mold temperature and that for spectral transmittance(at 315 nm) was melt temperature.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different 12-week exercise programs for posture correction on postural alignment in elderly women. Method: The study included 36 elderly women who were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group A (core exercise, n=12), Group B (combined exercise, n=12), and Group C (Pilates exercise, n=12). Postural alignment was measured using 6 variables in frontal and sagittal planes. Two-way mixed analysis of variance was used to compare the effect of exercise program types on postural alignment and a paired t-test was used to compare differences in postural alignment after exercise. Results: The core exercise group showed statistically significant improvement (p<.05) in multiple upper and lower body postural alignment measurements. The combined exercise and Pilates exercise groups showed statistically significant improvement (p<.05) in upper body measurements alone. Conclusion: Core exercise, combined exercise, and Pilates exercise improved postural alignment in elderly woman through improvement in muscle strength and ligament flexibility around the spine and pelvis.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.41-54
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of nursing professionalism and emotional intelligence on the clinical performance ability of nursing students. Methods: The subjects of this study included 234 nursing students from three universities located in two regions of South Korea. Data were collected from June 15 to 30, 2018 by using self-reported questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis using the IBM SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The factors which influenced the clinical performance ability in nursing students were self-concept of the profession(β=.28, p<.001), roles of nursing service (β=.22, p<.001), use of emotion (β=.22, p<.001), self-emotional appraisal (β=.18, p=.002), regulation of emotion (β=.16, p=.004), and grade (β=.16, p=.002) which explained 51.7% of the variance. Conclusions: These results suggest that to improve clinical performance ability in nursing students, an intervention that enhances their nursing professionalism and emotional intelligence should be considered.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the quality of life (QOL) and its associated factors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with Transarterial Chemoembolization. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was used, 106 hepatocellular cancer patients participated through convenient sampling. Data were collected by self-report questionniares or face to face interviews during the period from June to December in 2014. Satisfaction for pain control, perceived health status, professional support and QOL were measured by Assessment of Patient Satisfaction for Pain Management, Health Self-Rating, Relationship Questionnaire, Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General. Results: The mean age of participants was 63.7 years and most of them were male (86.8%) and married (84.9%). The mean score of QOL was 67.42. QOL was significantly different by religion. Number of other disease and perceived health status were positively correlated to QOL. Pain intensity was negatively correlated to QOL. As a result of stepwise multiple regression analysis, perceived health status and religion were explained 41.0% (p<.001) of the variance in QOL. Conclusion: Perceived health status should be considered when developing nursing intervention to improve QOL among hepatocellular cancer patients with Transarterial Chemoembolization.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1136-1146
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• 2018

purpose: The study was performed by targeting nursing students in order to examine the level of their self-directed learning ability, self efficacy and learner satisfaction and to identify their effects on learner satisfaction. methods: A structured self-administered questionnaire was used, and a total of 150 questionnaires were distribute. Data were collected from 150 nursing students at D university located in D city, and a total of 141 students were included for the final analysis. Data were collected between November 15, 2017 to December 16, 2017, and questionnaire comprised items to measure general characteristics, self-directed learning ability, self efficacy and learner satisfaction. results: In addition, learner satisfaction was positively correlated with self-direct learning ability, self-efficacy. Finally, self-direct learning ability, self-efficacy and interpersonal relationship were found to explain 42.9% of the variance of learner satisfaction. conclusion: The findings of this study could be utilized as base data when developing a program to enhance nursing students's learner satisfaction and it is suggested that an interventional research of analyzing validity and effectiveness of developed education program would be also required.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2019

The present study explores the applicability of response surface methodology (RSM) in conjunction with central composite design (CCD) matrix to statistically optimize ettringite crystallization process for the removal of sulphate from landfill leachate. A three factor-five coded level CCD with 20 runs, was performed to estimate the best fitted model. The RSM results indicated that the fitted quadratic regression model could be appropriate to predict sulfate removal efficiency. The pH was identified as the most dominant parameter affecting sulphate removal. 61.6% of maximum sulphate removal efficiency was obtained at pH of 11.06 for a 1.87 of $Ca/SO_4$ and 0.51 of $Al/SO_4$ molar ratios. The operating cost for ettringite crystallization at optimized conditions was calculated to be 0.52 $/$m^3$. The significance of independent variables and their interactions were tested by analysis of variance. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and SEM coupled with energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy results confirmed the formation of ettringite crystal and were used to describe its morphology features.