• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1427-1436
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factor on Symptoms of Stress of Middle Aged Women. The subjects of this study were 35 middle aged women who lives in Seattle, Washington in U.S, and 74 middle aged women who lives in Seoul. Data collection was performed at the University of Washington and Seoul from Oct. 1998 to May. 1999. Data collected through 4 types of questionnaires : SOS, Ways of Coping, Mood Status, Perceived Stress. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The stress symptoms showed positive correlation with emotion-oriented coping, mood status, and perceives stress. 2. Stepwised multiple regression analysis revealed that most powerful predictor of Stress Symptoms was mood status. A combination of perceived stress, mood status and ways of coping account for 64% of the variance in Symptoms of stress in Middle aged women. From the results of the study, the following recommendations are presented as follow: 1. It is necessary to replicate this study with a larger sample. 2. It is necessary to develop a stress management program focused on ways of coping, mood status, perceived stress for middle aged women.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to investigate the factors influencing the quality of life of patients with hemophilia and to provide the data for health promoting intervention in order to improve their quality of life. Method: The subjects of this study were involved 186 male patients with hemophilia by convenience sampling. These results were analyzed statistically by frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression. Results: There were significant differences in the quality of life according to the frequency of bleeding. Quality of life showed negative relationships and health problems, bleeding, limitation of joint motion, and depression with stepwise Multiple Regression analysis for quality of life revealed that the most powerful predictor was depression. Depression, health problem, and limitation of joint motion accounted for 64.6% of the variance in the quality of life of patients with hemophilia. Conclusion: Therefore it is necessary to develop nursing interventions with these variables to increase the quality of life for patients with hemophilia.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.531-538
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection control among nurses in intensive care units. Method: Data were collected from August 15 to October 14, 2007 from 188 nurses working in intensive care units. The nurses answered a 26 item-questionnaire, which included management of the cohort (14 items), hand washing (6 items) and management of the environment (6 items). Descriptive statistics, t or F test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were used with SPSS PC+ 14.0 to analyze the data. Results: The participant's level of awareness of Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection control was 3.87; that of compliance was 3.74. Significant factors influencing the level of compliance with Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection control were'the level of the awareness' and 'the type of intensive care unit'. These two variables accounted for 21.0% of variance for compliance with the Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection control among the participants. Conclusion: In order to develop a strategy to increase the compliance with Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection control, it is necessary to be concerned about 'the level of the awareness', 'the type of intensive care unit;', and 'experiences of caring for patients with Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus'.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the patient- and treatment-related etiologic factors of external root resorption. Materials and Methods : This study consisted of 163 patients who had completed orthodontic treatments and taken the pre- and post-treatment panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs. The length of tooth was measured from the tooth apex to the incisal edge or cusp tip on the panoramic radiograph. Overbite and overjet were measured from the pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs. The root resorption of each tooth and the factors of malocclusion were analyzed with an analysis of variance. A paired t test was performed to compare the mean amount of root resorption between male and female, between extraction and non-extraction cases, and between surgery and non-surgery groups. Correlation coefficients were measured to assess the relationship between the amount of root resorption and the age in which the orthodontic treatment started, the degree of changes in overbite and overjet, and the duration of treatment. Results : Maxillary central incisor was the most resorbed tooth, followed by the maxillary lateral incisor, the mandibular central incisor, and the mandibular lateral incisor. The history of tooth extraction was significantly associated with the root resorption. The duration of orthodontic treatment was positively correlated with the amount of root resorption. Conclusion : These findings show that orthodontic treatment should be carefully performed in patients who need the treatment for a long period and with a pre-treatment extraction of teeth.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.573-582
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• 2016

The objective of the current study was to compare the execution of hygiene and safety management according to the characteristics of children's food service stations, with the ultimate objective of providing sanitary and safe food service to children. To this end, the study conducted surveys of 73 public and private pre-schools with fewer than 100 children in district A from July 30 to October 31 2015. The differences were evaluated by t-test and analysis of variance. The confidence and validity of the results were analyzed by six food ingredient and facilities management questions, three personal hygiene and facilities management questions, four environmental management questions, and five storage and treatment management questions; for a total of 18 questions. The cumulative distribution of the four factors was 61.569%, and the Cronbach's alpha was 0.821, which indicated that the results were reliable. The results revealed that public pre-schools (a) and home-based pre-schools (b) had different levels of food ingredient and facility management, but no differences in the number of cooks, number of children served, type of food distribution, and the existence of mass food service facilities. The results of the study may be used to develop hygiene and safety management manual and educational contents to promote the health of the children served.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.449-458
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to level of satisfaction among mothers of preschoolers. Methods: Participants were 359 mothers of firstborn healthy preschoolers. The questionnaires were collected from August 1 to November 21, 2012. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The mean score for degree of mothers' parenting satisfaction was 5.94 out of 7. There were significant differences in the level of parenting satisfaction according to mother's job (t=2.48, p=.014), planned pregnancy (t=3.07, p=.002), number of children (t=2.22, p=.027), and parenting education (F=4.33, p=.005). The environmental variables of age of spouse (F=3.06, p=.048) and monthly income of the household (F=2.87, p=.036) also seemed to have an influence. Analysis of predictors such as the mother's job, planned pregnancy, parenting education, overall health problems, parenting stress, perception of emotional status and behaviors in children, age of spouse, and spouse's support explained 31.5% of the variance in mother's parenting satisfaction. Conclusion: The results suggest a need to develop nursing intervention programs for parenting stress reduction, and health programs for fathers to support mothers' child rearing.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.482-490
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• 2006

Purpose: The purposes were to survey the level of work stress, social support, burnout of insurance review nurses and to measure the main & buffering effect of perceived social support on burnout. Method: The samples were 285 insurance review nurses who were registered in Review Nurses Association of Korea at the period of 25 July and 12 August in 2005. Data were analyzed by using of t-test, Pearson's correlation, stepwise multiple regression, two-way ANOVA. Results: There were significant differences of burnout according to the work experience, position, and work satisfaction of insurance review nurses. Among the variables explaining the level of burnout of review nurses, the most significant variable was work stress, followed by current work satisfaction, social support, position and total variance explained was 40.8%. For the analysis of the buffering effects of perceived social support on work stress and burnout, the interaction between work stress and social support was not significant. Conclusions: It is necessary to construct the social support system and to reduce the work stress in order to reduce the level of the burnout of insurance review nurses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.286-294
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• 2007

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a performance measurement scale for nurses in the hospital setting and to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases including an application of conceptual framework, development of scale items, and test of validity and reliability of the scale. In order to test validity and reliability, data was collected from 1,966 nurses who work in twenty eight hospitals nation-wide. The data was analyzed by the SAS 8.0 program using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and reliability coefficients. Results: The Performance measurement scale consisted of 4 factors which included competency, attitude, willingness to improve, and application of nursing process, and a total of 17 items. The Four factors explained 63.45% of the total variance, and Cronbach's alpha of the scale was.92. Conclusion: The performance measurement scale developed by this study is a reliable and valid instrument that is utilized effectively to evaluate the performance of hospital nurses. Furthermore, it could be used as a sloping stone to assess educational needs of nurses, develop professionalism among nurses, and improve quality of nursing care in the hospital setting.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different shoe-heel heights on the surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) during treadmill walking in female patients with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Nineteen women with PFP participated in this research. EMG signals were recorded from the VM and VL of both sides and were compared during the treadmill walking. The subjects walked on a treadmill wearing shoes of three different heel heights: 1 cm, 3 cm and 7 cm. Each subject walked on a treadmill for five minutes at a speed of 2 km/hour with three minutes resting intervals between consecutive trials. The data were analyzed by one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. The results of the present study indicate that EMG data of the VM and VL of female patients with PFP did improve with an increase in the height of the shoe heel, which were statistically significant. Additionally, the EMG activity of VM increased more dramatically than that of VL associated with the task of walking with high-heeled shoes on the treadmill. This study suggests that the type of high-heeled shoes is related to the VM and VL muscle activation patterns contributing to knee joint pathologies in female patients with PFP.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.215-226
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the fear of falling of stroke patients and identify factors affecting the fear of falling. Method: For basic data, structured questionnaires were used for 137 stroke patients in hospitals in B city sampled for this study from June to August, 2010. Results: A multiple regression analysis used to identify variables affecting the fear of falling of stroke patients indicates that the most affecting variable was activities of daily living (${\beta}$=-.558), followed by self-efficacy of falling (${\beta}$=-.223), primary caregiver (${\beta}$=-.118), perception of health (${\beta}$=-.128) and drunken status (${\beta}$=-.108). Total variance explained by activities of daily living, self-efficacy of falling, the primary caregiver, perception of health and drunken status was 81.2% (F=70.845, $R^2$=.812). Conclusion: As discussed above, the factors significantly affecting the fear of falling in stroke patients were activities of daily living and self-efficacy of falling. Therefore, in order to reduce fear of falling of stroke patients and prevent falling, it is suggested that programs should be developed that will improve self-efficacy of falling and daily living activities.