• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.657-664
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• 1999

This paper introduced the basic theory of LRCS(Linear Reservoir and Channel System) rainfall runoff model proposed by Korean researchers(Lee and Lee, 1995), and discussed the change of model output according to objective functions in sensitivity analysis and calibration process of model. It proposed "hat" matrix and affluence measures for affluence analysis of parameters in calibration, and investigated relationship between change of model output according to error propagation in parameter estimation, and sensitivity of model output according to variance of model output and change of parameters. Accuracy of parameter estimates was known by analysis of sensitivity coefficient, diagonal element $h_i$ and $D_i$._i$.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.99-109
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• 2022

Purpose: More than 60% of patients with advanced cancer experience pain, and uncontrolled pain reduces the quality of life. Nurses are the closest healthcare providers to the patient and are suitable for managing cancer pain using pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. This study aimed to identify factors affecting the performance of cancer pain management among nurses. Methods: This study was conducted among 155 participating nurses working at a tertiary hospital who had experience with cancer pain management. Data collection was performed between October 18, 2021 and October 25, 2021. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the independent-sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: There were 110 subjects (71.0%) who had no experience of cancer pain management education. The results of regression analysis indicated that barriers included medical staff, patients, and the hospital system for cancer pain management (𝛽=0.28, P<0.001). The performance of cancer pain management was also affected by experience of cancer pain management training (𝛽=0.22, P=0.007), and cancer pain management knowledge (𝛽=0.21, P=0.006). The explanatory power of the variable was 16.6%. Conclusion: It is crucial to assess system-related obstacles, as well as patients and medical staff, in order to improve nurses' cancer pain management performance. A systematic approach incorporating multidisciplinary interventions from interprofessional teams is required for effective pain management. Furthermore, pain management education is required both for cancer ward nurses and nurses in other wards.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.135-154
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• 1991

The purposes of this study are: 1) To find out overall family life issues percieved by the middle-classhousewives in their forties. 2) To examine detailed aspects related to middle years crises, leisure activities, children issues, family economy issues, and housing issues. 3) To clarify solutions to, and provide basic data on family issues raised by the middle-class families. The middle-class housewives in their forties living in the Seoul area were the subject of the survey. The sample size analysed in this study was 422. Data were analysed by the frequency, mean, percentile, standard deviation, X2-test, analysis of variance, multiple classification analysis, analysis of multiple regression, and Scheffe-test as a post-hoc analysis. The conclusions are as follows: First, the middle-class housewives tend to give more importance on children issues, especially on academic achievement and career development. Second, family cohesion of middle-class families is comparatively high and intra-familial conflict is low, and middle years crisis of housewives is comparatively low, too. Third, the stability of middle-class families can be found in household economic management patterns. one fourth of the families own stocks and two fifths of the families own real estate except their own dwelling house. Be based on their property income add to their labor income, middle-class families are showed their economic stability, however, intra-class inequality is found, too. Fourth, the great part of middle-class families that possess their own house, tend to be unsatisfied with their housig scale, and a half of the families expect to enlarge their housing scale for more comfortable and convient living.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 1999

The purpose of the study was to investigate customer shopping orientations of non-store shoppers and identify differences shopping orientations among groups determined by amount and frequency of purchase by various direct marketing media. The subjects were male and female consumers who aged over twenty and resided in Seoul, Kungki or Masan area. A questionnaire was developed by the researchers, and distributed to 770 people. A sample of 747 consumers responded to the questionnaire, and 732 questionnaires were used for analysis. Frequency count and percentage, factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis. Consumer shopping orientations were classified into 4 factors: pleasure, economy/value, and convenience I & II. Among groups of heavy shoppers, light shoppers, and non-shoppers, there were significant differences in their shopping orientations. Also, within groups, there were significant differences among their shopping orientation factors. All three groups had significantly stronger orientation toward convenience I than pleasure and convenience II. Also, within other purchase groups (fashion-good purchasers, other-good purchasers, and non-purchasers) showed the same shopping orientations as the former groups. On the basis of the above results, this study is expected to be useful for catalog retailers to develope effective marketing strategies and provide their customers new buying motives.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.684-693
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• 2015

Purpose: This methodological study was conducted to develop and test a cultural competence scale for nursing students. Methods: Based on the five constructs of cultural competency identified in the conceptual analysis of Suh, 76 items for the tool were derived initially. These items were reduced to 58 items after content validity tests (two times) by 6 multicultural experts. Data collected from 526 nursing students were utilized to test the validity and reliability of the preliminary tool. Item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha were used for the analysis. Results: Twenty-seven items were selected for the final scale, and categorized into 5 factors explaining 62.1% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha was .91 and the reliability of the subscales ranged from .76 to .91. Criterion validity between the developed tool and empathy (r=.26, p <.001) was significant. Conclusion: The results show that this scale can provide scientific and empirical data when evaluating the effectiveness of school curriculums or multicultural empowerment programs regarding cultural competence of nursing students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.641-649
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to introduce the main concepts of statistical testing and effect size and to provide researchers in nursing science with guidance on how to calculate the effect size for the statistical analysis methods mainly used in nursing. Methods: For t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, regression analysis which are used frequently in nursing research, the generally accepted definitions of the effect size were explained. Results: Some formulae for calculating the effect size are described with several examples in nursing research. Furthermore, the authors present the required minimum sample size for each example utilizing G*Power 3 software that is the most widely used program for calculating sample size. Conclusion: It is noted that statistical significance testing and effect size measurement serve different purposes, and the reliance on only one side may be misleading. Some practical guidelines are recommended for combining statistical significance testing and effect size measure in order to make more balanced decisions in quantitative analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.184-190
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• 2010

Recently, the polishing process using magnetorheological fluids(MR fluids) has been focused as a new ultra-precision polishing technology for micro and optical parts such as aspheric lenses, etc. This method uses MR fluid as a polishing media which contains required micro abrasives. In the MR polishing process, the surface roughness and material removal rate of a workpiece are affected by the process parameters, such as the properties of used nonmagnetic abrasives(particle material, size, aspect ratio and density, etc.), rotating wheel speed, imposed magnetic flux density and feed rate, etc. The objective of this research is to predict MRR according to the polishing conditions based on the multiple regression analysis. Three polishing parameters such as wheel speed, feed rates and current value were optimized. For experimental works, an orthogonal array L27(313) was used based on DOE(Design of Experiments), and ANOVA(Analysis of Variance) was carried out. Finally, it was possible to recognize that the sequence of the factors affecting MRR correspond to feed rate, current and wheel speed, and to determine a combination of optimal polishing conditions.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.337-346
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was to develop and test the resilience scale for Korean nursing college students. Methods: The initial 82 items (7 factors) were developed through literature review and student interviews. Items were reduced to 55 items through content validity test by 5 experts and face validity tests by 20 nursing students. The preliminary Resilience Scale for Korean Nursing Students (RS_KNS) was administered to 302 nursing students of 4 universities in Chungnam. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Results: Twenty-four items were selected for the final scale. Seven factors evolved from the factor analysis, which explained 61.9% of the total variance. The internal consistency, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .84 and reliability of the subscales ranged from .60 to .77. Conclusion: The resilience scale for Korean nursing college students demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. It can be used to assess the resilience of nursing college students and is expected to get utilized in teaching and research.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.194-202
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to develop and test a scale to measure the partnership between pediatric nurses and hospitalized children's parents. Methods: Instrument development process included construct identification based on concept analysis using the hybrid model of Shuwartz-Barcott and Kim (2000), a process which generated 42 initial items. This number was reduced to 35 items through content validity tests by 5 experts and face validity tests by 5 pediatric nurses and 5 parents of hospitalized children. The preliminary Pediatric Nurse Parent Partnership Scale (PNPPS) was administered to 186 pediatric nurses and 163 parents at eleven children's wards in four hospitals. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha. Results: Thirty-four items were selected for the final scale. Seven factors evolved from the factor analysis, which explained 68.4% of the total variance. The internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha, was .96 and reliability of the subscales ranged from .66 to .93. Conclusion: The PNPPS demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. It can be used to assess the partnership of pediatric nurses and parents in practice and research.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.255-273
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• 2005

Based on the random vibration theory, a response spectrum method is developed for seismic response analysis of linear, multi-degree-of-freedom structures under multi-support excitations is developed. Various response quantities, including the mean and variance of the peak response, the response mean frequency, are obtained from proposed combination rules in terms of the mean response spectrum. This method makes it possible to apply the response spectrum to the seismic reliability analysis of structures subjected to multi-support excitations. Considering that the tedious numerical integration is required to compute the spectral parameters and correlation coefficients in above combination rules, this paper further offers simplified procedures for their computation, which enhance dramatically the computational efficiency of the suggested method. The proposed procedure is demonstrated for tow numerical examples: (1) two-span continuous beam; (2) two-tower cabled-stayed bridge by using Monte Carlo simulation (MC). For this purpose, this paper also presents an approach to simulation of ground motions, which can take into account both mean and variation properties of response spectrum. Computed results based on the response spectrum method are in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulation results. And compared with the MSRS method, a well-developed multi-support response spectrum method, the proposed method has an incomparable computational efficiency.