• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.495-504
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• 2018

이 연구는 2015 과학과 교육과정에 제시된 과학과 핵심역량에 관한 서술문을 기초로 학생들의 과학과 핵심역량을 측정할 수 있는 문항을 개발하고, 그 타당도와 신뢰도를 확인하기 위하여 진행되었다. 2015 과학과 교육과정에 제시된 과학적 사고력, 과학적 탐구 능력, 과학적 문제해결력, 과학적 의사소통 능력, 과학적 참여와 평생 학습 능력에 대한 설명을 근거로 각 역량별로 5개 문항씩, 총 25개 문항이 개발되었다. 개발된 문항은 전국 17개 시도에 고루 분포한 학생 참여형 과학수업 선도학교의 초등학교, 중학교, 고등학교 학생 11,348명을 대상으로 과학과 핵심역량을 조사하여 문항의 타당도와 신뢰도를 분석하였다. 타당도는 Messick(1995)이 제안한 6가지 타당도 중 내용 타당도, 실제 타당도, 내적 구조 타당도, 일반화 타당도 등 4가지를 확인하였다. 라쉬 모델의 문항 적합도(MNSQ)를 분석한 결과, 25개 문항 중 부적합 문항은 없었으며, 구조방정식을 활용한 확인적 요인 분석 결과 5개 요인 모델은 적합한 모델로 확인되었다. 성별과 학교급별에 따른 차별적 문항 반응을 분석한 결과, 부적합 값은 175개 중 2개에서 나타났다. 성별과 학교급별 다변량 이원분산분석을 실시한 결과, 학교급 간 및 성별 간에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났으며, 교호작용 효과 역시 유의미하였다. 결론적으로 2015 과학과 교육과정에 제시된 과학과 핵심역량의 설명에 기초하여 개발한 과학과 핵심역량 평가문항은 정신측정학적 관점에서 타당하며, 따라서 교육 현장에서 그 활용 가치가 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 1976

This study was a part of large scale of a prospective study on attitudes of professional students in medicine, nursing and teaching toward population related issues in Korea. The study was first conducted in May 1974 and then in May 1975 for the 1974 class cohot using a questionaire consisted of attitude scales and other items developed by Lee. The purpose of stuay was twohold, namely, to determine the difference in students among specializations on one hand and between the first and second years in the 1974 class cohot regarding tile subject matter. A one-way analysis of variance was used for attitude scale, and absolute and relative frequency were computed for the analysis of non-attitude scale items by employing Fishers' Ratio and Duncan's multiple range test at 5% level and chi square test at 5% level as significance tests. The hypothesis 'students in health profession are more likely to have positive attitudes toward population related issues progressively as class year advances than students in teaching profession' was tested and the following results were obtained: 1) Nursing students were more likely to display favarable attitudes toward family planning than medical or teaching students although the class cohot showed slightly negative improvement in the second year. Medical and teaching students apperaed to have slightly improved attitudes in the second year. 2) Respondents in general perceived national family planning program as a means of population control and this tendency was more true among nursing students as the class year advances than two other professional groups of students. Students in teaching profession appeared to perceive it more as a means to improve individual family welfare while health students were likely to see as to improve maternal and child health. This tendency was progressively improved as the class year advanced. 3) The majority of students regardless of their respective specializations believed that family planning program should be directed toward the improvement of individual family welfare. No progressive changes in the class cohot were observed. 4) About the plan to use contraceptives in future, no singnificant differences were observes among different specializations nor in different class years. However, the majority was confirmed to have a plan to use contracepives in future. An increasing proportion of the undecided category was observed, as class year advanced among health students. 5) Students in health profession were found to be more favorable about 'more leisure opportunities' as motive for limiting number of children whereas education students indicated the reasons as 'facilitate ambitions' and 'economic base' The progressive changes toward positive direction in both groups were observed as the class years advanced. 6) Attitudes toward induced abortions of the health students were observed to be positively related to class years while an inverse relationship was found in teaching students who showed much less favor in the subject matter than health students. This phenomenon may be due to the different exposure to learning environments unique to respective specializations. 7) Health students were found to have more favorable attitudes toward population education in general than the teaching students. The teaching students appeared to have changed more to the negative direction when they became the second year while no such development was observed in health students. The teaching students seemed to hold a very conservative position with regard to sex education in schools. 8) About the equality of sexes, the nursing group was found to be most favorable while the reverse was true in the teaching group. A change in the negative direction as the class year advanced was found in the teaching group. 9) About questions related to fertility values-the 10 percent of respondents regardless of specialization indicated that they would maintain their single status in future, however no change was observed in the second year. The desired number of children was found to be two by the majority of students in nursing, medicine and teaching in order of high proportion. No changes in a different class year were observed. The childless marriage was seen by nursing students as a problem more than other students, but a slight change in positive direction was found when the nursing students became the second year. In summing, as data supported in the above, students in health profession demonstrated more favorable attitudes toward population related issues than the teaching students and this tendency became more apparent in the second year. It was noticed that health students were more conscious about the health aspect of population and family planning program while the teaching students gave more attention to the socioeconomic aspect. The sex variable seemed to have operated in the item related to the equality of sexes. In conclusion, as data presented in the above, the hypothesis of this study was accepted except in the few items. It should be noted that the limitation of this study is the short duration of the observation in measuring the possible attitude changes. It should include curriculum analysis for the respective specializations in order to indentify the area of curriculum impact on students in future study.