• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.6-13
• /
• 2012

An improved algorithm for image quality assessment is presented. First a simple model of human visual system, consisting of a nonlinear function and a 2-D filter, processes the input images. This filter has one user-defined parameter, whose value depends on the reference image. This way the algorithm can adapt to different scenarios. In the next step the average value of locally computed correlation coefficients between the two processed images is found. This criterion is closely related to the way in which human observer assesses image quality. Finally, image quality measure is computed as the average value of locally computed correlation coefficients, adjusted by the average correlation coefficient between the reference and error images. By this approach the proposed measure differentiates between the random and signal dependant distortions, which have different effects on human observer. Performance of the proposed quality measure is illustrated by examples involving images with different types of degradation.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제12권7호
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2014

Purpose - This study focuses on "large-scale marts," which is a typical discount-based retail channel (hereinafter, DRC), and provides practical managerial implications by applying the KD-SQS service quality factor based on customers' experiential perspective by developing and applying existing service measures. Research design, data, and methodology - The research subjects include adults who have experienced "large-scale marts." The research involved SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 19.0 packages; path analysis is used to analyze structural relationships. Results - First, physical aspects, human interaction, and additional convenience aspects of service quality have statistically significant influence on service value. Second, physical aspects, human interaction, and policy have statistically influence on store loyalty. Third, service value influences store loyalty. Fourth, service guarantee adjusts the relationship between service quality, service value, and store loyalty in terms of human interaction and policy. Conclusion - Among service quality measures, improving service value through personal service needs to be prioritized, while we need to develop different methods for the service guarantee system to effectively influence service value and store loyalty.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.651-660
• /
• 2020

본 연구에서는 보급형 3D 프린터를 이용하여 인체 Femur와 유사한 HU 값을 가진 팬텀을 제작하여 기존 돼지 뼈를 대체할 수 있는지 분석하고자 하였다. 인체 Femur의 HU 값을 알아보기 위해 연령별 총 372명의 데이터를 분석하였다. 보급형 3D 프린터를 이용하여 PLA-Cu 20%를 이용하여 인체 뼈 모형 팬텀을 제작하여 CT 검사하였다. 돼지 뼈는 생후 6개월 된 돼지로 도축된 지 2일이 지난 뼈를 이용하였다. 검사결과 내부채움 80%로 제작한 3D 프린팅 팬텀이 인체의 모든 데이터와 유사한 값이 나타났고(p<0.05) 돼지뼈와는 차이가 있었다(p>0.05). 또한 연령대별 Femur의 HU 값의 경우 연령대가 증가할수록 HU의 값은 줄어드는 것으로 확인 되었다(p<0.05). 3D 프린팅과 HU 값은 적층 높이에 대해서는 약한 음의 상관성을 확인 하였지만 내부 채움에서는 182.13±1.290으로 강한 양의 상관성(R²=0.996)을 확인하였다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 3D 프린팅을 이용한 인체 모형 팬텀이 기존 돼지뼈 팬텀에 비해 인체와 유사한 정도의 HU 값을 나타낼 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며 이에 본 연구가 3D 프린터를 이용한 인체 모형 팬텀의 제작에 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.63-79
• /
• 2011

Deducting the risk level of infrastructure and buildings based on past human disaster risk cases and implementing prevention measures are important activities for disaster prevention. The object of this study is to measure the confidence to proceed quantitative analysis of various disaster risk cases through text mining methodology. Indeed, by examining confidence calculation process and method, this study suggests also a basic quantitative framework. The framework to measure the confidence is composed into four stages. First step describes correlation by categorizing basic elements based on human disaster ontology. Secondly, terms and cases of Term-Document Matrix will be created and the frequency of certain cases and terms will be quantified, the correlation value will be added to the missing values. In the third stage, association rules will be created according to the basic elements of human disaster risk cases. Lastly, the confidence value of disaster risk cases will be measured through association rules. This kind of confidence value will become a key element when deciding a risk level of a new disaster risk, followed up by preventive measures. Through collection of human disaster risk cases related to road infrastructure, this study will demonstrate a case where the four steps of the quantitative framework and process had been actually used for verification.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.99-119
• /
• 2019

In recent times, the volume of cross-border e-commerce has witnessed an upward trend and has been accompanied by increased disputes, with cross-border e-commerce being characterized mainly by low value and large volume issues. For this reason, Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) was formed to carry out dispute resolutions in cross-border e-commerce. A virtual multi-door ODR platform for small value, cross-border disputes in e-commerce is then proposed in this paper. For a couple of decades, researchers have tried to employ Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Law. However, it turns out that they were faced with a couple of obstacles to integrate AI to Law since it is highly difficult to program AI to process the common sense of a human being. For example, AI cannot assimilate the affective side of a human being, and it is problematic to integrate a human being's common sense into the AI system. Considering this situation, this study puts forward an ODR model for cross-border e-commerce in the evolutionary perspective.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.95-111
• /
• 2012

This study investigated the pathways of factors affecting 173 employed mothers' second childbirth plans. Participants were all employed working mothers with an infant under 10 months old. The hypothetical model used in this research proposed that workplace childcare support, social support, value of children and parenting stress of employed mothers will directly affect second childbirth plans. Additionally, workplace childcare support, social support, value of children, marital satisfaction and job satisfaction will indirectly influence second childbirth plans as a result of parenting stress. The results of this research demonstrated that value of children and parenting stress were the factors which directly affected second childbirth plans of employed mothers. In addition, workplace childcare support, social support, marital satisfaction and job satisfaction indirectly influenced second childbirth plans as a result of parenting stress. This study suggests the need for the establishment and development of workplace childcare support and the need for enhancing the value of children. This research further suggests the need for policies aimed at increasing psychological well-being and decreasing parenting stress for working mothers who are contemplating second childbirth plans.

• 한국가정과학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.40-50
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influential variables related to the value orientation and environmental preservation behavior. This study is also to provide data for environment education. The subjects were 538 children, in June. 1998, in Kwangju. The data obtained were analyzed by Pearson's correlation. Cronbach's u coefficient. multiple regression. and Path analysis. The major findings were as follows : 1) The influential variables for childrens'egoistic value orientation were grade level of children and education level of mother The influential variables for childrens'altruistic orientation were the frequency of contact for environmental information and age of mother. The influential variables for childrens'biospheric orientation were education level of mother and the frequency of contact for environmental information. 2) The influential variables for the childrens'behavior on the environmental preservation were the frequency of contact for environmental information. biospheric orientation. grade level of children and education level of mother.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.78-84
• /
• 1997

The specific purpose of this study is to develop the numerical guide for the cost-benefit analysis of ORE ($/person-Sv reduction) to meet the criterion of ALARA in the design stage of the KNGR. In deriving the guide, the risk factor which is defined by the risk to unit collective radiation exposure dose (deaths/person-Sv) and the monetary value of human life ($/death) are required. The risk factor has been estimated from various clinical data accumulated for a number of years and continuously modified. And the monetary value of human life is usually quantified using the human capital approach. In this study, the risk to radiation exposure perceived by a group of people is investigated through an extensive poll survey conducted among university students in order to modify the existing risk factor for radiation exposure. And in evaluating the monetary value of human life, the QOL factor is introduced in order to incorporate the degree of public welfare or quality of life. As a result of study, a value within the range of 151, 000~172, 000 dollars per person-Sv reduction is recommended as the appropriate interim numerical guide for cost-benefit analysis of ORE to meet the criterion of ALARA in the design stage of the KNGR. A poll survey was also conducted in order to see whether the public acceptance cost of nuclear power should be incorporated in developing the guide, and the result of study shooed that such a cost does not need to be considered.

• 의료법학
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.9-34
• /
• 2007

Human material is considered as an independent object after departing from human body. But unlike other materials, that is not allowed for the trading because of the nature of personality. According to the present legal system, the human material is only permitted to donate to the researcher or biobank for scientific study. Bur after the collection, the human materials are regarded as a valuable assets and the collectors want to get more economic gains. If the neutral modulators serve for the justifiable circulation. The economic motivations could be prevented within material transfer processes. In real life, the neutral modulator is hard to find and most of partipants are involved in the economic interests. In this situation, it may be justifiable to permit the person who donate his body material to pursue reach through right on his material. The problem is how to measure the value of human material and how to treat the informed consent. If the essential portion of human personality is contributed to the value of human material and if only his material can be served for the invention, the tissue donator can get economic interests on his body material as his property. That is based on the rule of processing of human efforts on civil law.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.32-42
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate how menu quality, human ${\cdot}$ amenity service quality, perceived risk affected quality ${\cdot}$ price menu value, social ${\cdot}$ emotion menu value and how quality ${\cdot}$ price menu value and social ${\cdot}$ emotion menu value influenced satisfaction. Also this study investigated how satisfaction affected loyalty. The model was tested in hotel restaurants settings of five-star hotels using a sample of customers visiting and enjoying menus in Daegu metropolitan city and Gyeongju city. Empirical results confirmed that not only do menu quality and human ${\cdot}$ amenity service quality increase quality ${\cdot}$ price menu value and social ${\cdot}$ emotion menu value but that perceived risk reduces social ${\cdot}$ emotion menu value. It was also found that significant antecedents of satisfaction were quality ${\cdot}$ price menu value and social ${\cdot}$ emotion menu value. Also, loyalty was also found to be a significant consequences of satisfaction.