• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.42-52
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• 2009

Recreational forests are catching on as places for personal development through recreation, association with people, education about nature, mind relaxation and spiritual peace. However, the value and significance of recreational forests with various functions are easily overlooked. Whoever pays fees for admission to facilities are able to enjoy fresh air, a comfortable environment, and space for rest. It should be taken into consideration whether the fee which customers pay is appropriate for the value of nature they are enjoying. This study is involved in giving the right recognition to the value of recreation and environment by estimating economically the value of the environment in which visitors stay, and presenting the appropriate price. The most efficient way to achieve this goal is through an economic approach, which suggests following established research skills and yielding suitable and accurate amounts of money. The environmental value of a recreational forests is estimated through contingent valuation method(CVM), which is chosen among several methods to estimate public facilities because the value of recreational forests has strong characteristics as public facilities which are not traded in the market. The annual recreation value per person of surveyed recreational forests is Willingness To Pay(WTP) with a mean between about 16,000 won and 25,400 won. The recreation value of one recreational forest surveyed is annually between approximately 1.7 billions won and 2.7 billions won. The annual recreation value of 85 national and public recreational forests is presumed to be between about 140 billions won and 230 billions won. The presumed amount of money is the environment in which visitors can enjoy whenever they invest some money and time. Indeed, it is more than that; it provides visitors with a greater sense of satisfaction and the recognition of the preciousness of nature and the environment.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.7 s.209
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• pp.79-91
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• 2005

The purpose of the study was to examine the current status of financial management behaviors of college students and to determine the affecting factors. The data were collected from 481 college students in Busan and Kyungnam areas by a self-administered questionnaire. Frequencies, Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis Pearson's correlation analysis and regression analyses were conducted by SPSS WINDOWS. The results from this study were as follows. first, the mean of preparation for the future was the highest among 5 dimensions of money attitudes, whereas the mean of the ostentatious means was the lowest. In addition, the college students showed good practices in drawing up shopping lists, budgeting, and keeping receipts, but bad practices in short-term and long-term planning. Second, many factors such as gender, grade, mother's education, fathers' occupation, and mothers' occupation were significant in the regression analyses for the financial management behaviors. Especially, money attitudes and experience of consumer education were significant in many categories of financial management behaviors. In combination, these results suggest that financial management education for college students should be conducted, and that contents related to value should be included in the education program.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.92-100
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• 2007

PFI(Private Finance Initiative) Project is carried to expand infrastructure effectively through participation of private investment. From the year 2005, the range is expanded not only industrial infrastructure such as made road, harbors and so on but living infrastructure such as school facilities, environmental facilities. For this reason BTL(Build-Transfer-Lease) system is mainly used in new private finance initiative project but in existing private finance initiative project BTO(Build-Transfer-Operate) system was used. BTL system is operated to judge fitness of private investment and classified into quantitative VFM(Value for Money) and qualitative VFM. In this research the estimation item of qualitative VFM which is hard to deduce the effect is created and after surveying of questionnaire in target of experts, relative importance and weight is established with AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process). By estimating efficiency and benefit of quantitative VFM and qualitative VFM aspect effectively it is expected to support a rational making decision for operating BTL.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.81-95
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• 1983

The author has intended to seek for the usefulness of price-level change accounting information through financial statements of general price level. The accounting information obtained from financial statements of general price level, must be useful to the reasonable judgment of financial statement users or to the economic decision making, This thesis may be summarized as follows : 1. Financial statements arranged by historical cost accompany many problems as accounting information. In other words, at the time of inflation, they have little usefulness as accounting information. 2. In order to correct the little usefulness of the financial statements arranged by historical cost, the author examined this matter centering around FASB statement No. 33. 3. The price level change accounting eliminates the contradiction of the accounting information obtained from the financial statements arranged by historical cost. 4. In the general price level change accounting, money value is presumed to change according to the level of general price and, then, the money value for goods must be revised. 5. In the general price level change accounting, the division between monetary items of asset and debt, and non-monetary items, is important. 6. The general price level change accounting based upon historical cost accounting, has objectivity as accounting information like the cost basis accounting and larger usefulness than the cost basis accounting. In conclusion, the price level change accounting increases its usefulness as accounting information and, therefore. (1) the information on the general price level change accounting is desirable to be disclosed as supplementary information for the traditional financial statements, and (2) the general price level change accounting should be induced to the listed Companies in Korea under continuing inflation for improving the usefulness of financial statements as accounting information.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.137-150
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to closely describe the meaning of the clothing conformity behavior of female consumers in today's society. In this process, the vanity scale was used as a precedence variable, on the other hand, clothing consumption value and information search behavior was used as outcome variable, which has an effect on the clothing conformity behavior. The subjects were 300 females who live in Seoul and Kyung-gi. The data were analyzed by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, Factor analysis, Regression and ANOVA using SPSS program. The results were as follows. First, the vanity scale was classified into four factors, a concern and a positive view for each achievement and appearance. Clothing consumption value was divided into five factors; fashion, appearance attractiveness, emotional, social and functional clothing consumption value. Clothing conformity behavior was classified into three factors; normal, informational, and identified conformity factor. Second, various vanity scales influenced the clothing conformity behavior factors. In particular, concern for achievement and appearance were more important factors to clothing conformity behavior. Among six clothing consumption values, fashion was a more significant factor affected by clothing conformity behavior. Also, various conformity behaviors influenced the information search behaviors. Finally, according to age, school record, and pocket money, there were significant differences in clothing conformity behaviors and vanity factors.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2002

Recently the rural women's role has been changed from assisting men to leading major farm work. However, contribution of women in the rural area has not beers fairly evaluated. Hence, it has been difficult for the rural women to receive the reasonable compensation if they injured, had some disasters or were divorced. Therefore this study tried to suggest economic methods such as market cost approach, opportunity cost method and shadow wage method for evaluating rural women's labor. It might provide some information for helping to establish the status of rural women as a income earner through estimating money value of labor contributed by rural women and furthermore, be useful information to improve the efficiency of farm labor by exploring the relationship between value of labor and actual income. Hence, it might help improve the economic situation and life at home of rural women, solve difficulties in the real life and reduce disparity of economic distribution between urban and rural area.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.12-21
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• 2017

From 1960, the government decided to build apartment houses on a large scale in order to resolve the rising housing problems. However, the maintenance issues that have arisen from the deterioration of housing has not received adequate attention. The policy focuses only on the supply of housing. By passing new laws, the durable period during which buildings allowed reconstruction was increased, and long term maintenance plans were treated as important issues. The government was then obligated to establish certain long term maintenance plans and costs by legislating a Housing Act and requiring it be adjusted every three years. However, when planning long-term repair costs, doing so without considering the time value of money would become a problem. In addition, if differences between the planned repair costs and actual costs occur, it becomes necessary to adjust the long-term repair costs but, as of yet, the criteria to adjust such things does not exist. For these reasons, if there is lack of money to execute large-scale repair work, a building is unlikely to respond to deterioration of housing; on the other hand, an unnecessary reserve or pool of money can lead to conflict among residents. Therefore, this paper will propose estimation and adjustment models considering the time value of money for long term maintenance costs of apartment houses.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.190-194
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• 2018

Recently, the horse racing industry in Korea has developed rapidly with good betting turnover. One of the most important factors in enhancing the performance of racehorses is the study of equine exercise physiology. This study was performed to analyze the results of pre-race blood test on race day and evaluate its correlation with the race performance in Thoroughbred racehorses. Twenty-one, healthy 3- to 6-year-old Thoroughbred horses were used to collect blood samples and hematological and biochemical measurements were performed. Results were analyzed to identify its correlation with racing performance. Analysis of hematological profile of pre-race blood of the racehorses revealed that red blood cell indices including RBC, Hb, and PCV levels were elevated. Additionally, levels of AP, AST, and GGT were also elevated in pre-race blood of horses on race day. RBC, Hb, and PCV levels of high performance racehorses were significantly lower than those of low class racehorses. Moreover, the analysis of correlation between blood test results and racing ability-related categories have shown negative correlations for rating, placing strike rate, prize money per race, RBC, Hb, and PCV and positive correlations for G3F and PCV. Additionally, AST value was positively correlated to prize money per race. Thus, the results of this study show that red blood cell indices and AST are good parameters for evaluating racing performance of horses before the race.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.5 s.91
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• pp.67-74
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• 2006

This paper proposes a way to a risk quantification of public sector comparator in the value-for-money test of the BTL (Build-Transfer-Lease) scheme in rail investment projects. Two principal risks that are project delay and budget increasing costs are identified and are empirically quantified with a case study of the Haman-Jinju link. The methodology suggested is expected to be a good reference for the similar research afterwards and also to help in settling down the scheme that is only an early stage.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.466-475
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• 1999

A backward Dynamic Programming(DP) model for the optimal facility replacement decision problem during a finite planning horizon is presented. Multiple alternative challengers to a current defender are considered. All facilities are assumed to have finite service lives. The objective of the DP model is to maximize the profit over a finite planning horizon. As for the cost elements, purchasing cost, maintenance costs and repair costs as well as salvage value are considered. The time to failure is assumed to follow a weibull distribution and the maximum likelihood estimation of Weibull parameters is used to evaluate the expected cost of repair. To evaluate the revenue, the rate of operation during a specified period is employed. The cash flow component of each challenger can vary independently according to the time of occurrence and the item can be extended easily. The effects of inflation and the time value of money are considered. The algorithm is illustrated with a numerical example. A MATLAB implementation of the model is used to identify the optimal sequence and timing of the replacement.