• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.864-872
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• 2000

This study intended to evaluate the validity of the simple nutrition screening test that had been developed with the elderly living in Cheongju as a subject. Nutrition screening score(NSS) and reference standards for nutritional and health status(nutrient intakes, mean adequacy ratio, perceive health, and serum albumin, hematocrit, and hemoglobin) were estimated by using the date obtained in 1996 from the 174 elderly living in Taejon, Statistical analysis showed significant correlations between mean adequacy ratio(MAR) and NSS(r=0.341) and also between NSS and biological indices such as albumin and hematocrit, Around 65-75% of the elderly with perceive health and low level of serum albumin, hemoglobin and hematocrit had NSS$\leq$ll. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values(PPV) were calculated from the crosstabulation of the three categories of NSS(high, moderate, and low nutritional risk) and low categories MAR(< 0.75, undernutrition;$\geq$0.75, normal) to validate the cut-off point for high or low nutritional risk by NSS. It was suggested that point l1 was appropriate as a criterion to determine high risk of undernutrition, but point 16 was better than 17 as criterion to determine low nutritional risk in the Taejon elderly. When point ll was used as a criterion of high nutritional risk, sensitivity, specificity, and PPV are 59.5, 60.5 and 82.1 respectively. When point 16 was used as a criterion of low nutritional risk, sensitivity, specificity, and PPV are 25.6, 95.4, and 64.7%, respectively. In conclusion, nutrition screening test that had been developed can be a simple, easy, and proper instrument to classify the high risk group of undernutrition. A further validation study seems to be required among other groups of individuals for the screening test to the finalized as a more valid instrument identifying Korean elderly at nutrition and health risk(Korean J Nutrition 33(8) : 864-872, 2000)

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2015

Objectives: Maintaining a balanced diet and thus health is crucial for adolescents, and the first step for balanced diet practice is meal planning. Adolescents, however, find it difficult to plan their meals. This study thus was set out to design an easier way of planning meals for adolescent girls. Methods: A dish-based target pattern for adolescent girls was tabulated, and validity of this was examined. Meal plan applying a dish-based target pattern was prepared by 150 female middle school students, and nutritional adequacies of those meal plans were examined. Validity and adequacy were tested by energy content, energy contribution ratio, nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), probability of nutrient inadequacy, index of nutritional quality (INQ) calculation. Results: A dish-based target pattern with 11 dish groups was validated for nutritional adequacy. Though the NAR of calcium was 0.96, the INQ of calcium was 1.00. The average energy supply from the meal plans was 2,379 kcal, higher than the estimated energy requirement of a female middle school student, but the energy contribution ratio of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats were all adequate according to the acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR). NAR of all nutrients examined were 1.0, except for calcium. The NAR and INQ of calcium were 0.87 and 0.75, respectively, and the meal plans at risk for calcium inadequacy was 19.30%. Conclusions: A dish-based target pattern proposed for adolescent girls was valid, but the meal plan prepared by female middle school students using this approach was high in energy and low in calcium supply. To cut down the energy supply from the meal plan, it is necessary to recommend dishes low in fat and use low fat cooking methods. To increase the calcium supply, it is important to recommend seaweed and legume group dishes with higher Ca INQ food items.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to identify the elements for the construction of the Korean academy of orthopedic manipulative physical therapy's (KAOMPT's) non-face-to-face lecture system using the Delphi method. Methods: The Delphi method was applied to 50 expert panel members of the Central Committee and the Provincial Branch of the KAOMPT. The Delphi survey was conducted in two rounds, and the first Delphi survey collected opinions on 40 questions on 12 topics. The second Delphi survey was collected into 25 questions on 4 topics. As a result of the survey, the content validity ratio (CVR), consensus and convergence were measured. Referring to the number of expert panels and previous studies were determine a CVR of at least 2.29, a consensus of at least .75 and a convergence of 0 to .5. Result: In the first Delphi result, out of the total 40 items, 20 items with high content validity ratio were found, and 10 items found double agreement. In the second Delphi result, 13 out of the total 25 items had a content validity ratio higher than 2.29, and 5 items found a double agreement. Conclusion: This study derived items on the role of central and municipal councils, lecture support and lecture room construction, non-face regular course and special lecture operation and personnel for the establishment of non-face-to-face lecture system. Based on this content, it is expected that it will help establish a non-face-to-face lecture system in 2021 through a pilot non-face-to-face lecture that will be implemented in the future.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate intra-rater reliability and determine the validity of electromyography (EMG) measurements to represent muscle activity and ultrasonography (US) to represent muscle thickness during manual muscle testing (MMT) to external abdominal oblique (EO) and lumbar multifidus (MF). Twenty healthy subjects were recruited for this study and asked to perform MMT at differing levels. The subjects' muscle activity using EMG was measured by a ratio to maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and root mean square (RMS) methods. The subjects' muscle thickness using US was measured by raw muscle thickness and change ratio of thickness to maximum (MVC) or resting condition. In three trials, measurements were performed on each subject by one examiner. The intra-rater reliability of measurements of EMG and US to EO and MF was calculated using intra-class coefficients. The intra-rater reliability of all measurements was excellent (ICC=.75~.98) in EMG and US. The conduct validity was calculated by one-way ANOVA with repeated measurements to compare whether the EMG and US measurements were different between MMT at different levels. There was only a significant difference between all grades at %MVC thickness measurement of US. These results suggest that a %MVC thickness measurement of US was a more sensitive and discriminate in all manual muscle testing grades. This information will be useful for the selection of US measurement and analysis methods in clinics.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2019

이 연구는 신체활동참여 한국 노인의 행복관련 성향을 측정하기 위해 (Happiness-enhancing Activities and Positive Practices Inventory; HAPPI)를 개념적으로 그리고 통계적으로 구인타당도(construct validity)를 검증하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 Henricksen와 Stephens(2013)가 개발한 HAPPI 척도를 전문가가 참여한 검사내용에 기초한 증거를 문항분석을 통하여 검증하였으며, 신뢰도 분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 그리고 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 타당도를 검증하였다. Cronbach's α로 내적일관성을 확인한 결과 모두 수용할 만한 것으로 나타났다. 구조방정식 모형을 적용하여 문항의 적합도를 검증한 결과 GFI=.925, CFI .962, TLI .953, 그리고 RMSEA .062으로 모두 적합하게 나타났으며 개념신뢰도(CR)와 평균분산추출지수(AVE)를 산출하여 수렴 및 판별 타당도를 확인되었다. 최종적으로 4요인(Other-focused, Personal recreation and interests, Achievement, Self-Concordant Work, Spiritual and thought-related) 16문항의 측정척도는 신체활동참여 한국 노인을 위한 행복증진활동의 성향을 측정하는 다차원적 행복증진활동 척도의 구인타당도를 만족하는 척도로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 HAPPI는 신체활동에 참여하고 있는 한국노인들에게 적용가능한 척도로 확인되었다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2014

이 연구에서는 학생들이 황새 복원과 관련된 주제의 프로젝트를 수행하는 과정에서 여러 학문의 지식을 활용하여 학습능력이 신장될 수 있는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 개발 프로그램은 3 4학년군, 5 6학년군 각 4차시 총 8차시이며, 각 차시에서 황새와 관련된 초등학교 교과의 지식이나 개념을 기반으로 창의성, 문제해결능력, 의사소통능력 등의 학습능력이 신장될 수 있도록 설계하였다. 프로그램의 타당성 검증을 위해 총 12명으로 구성된 전문가 집단에 내용타당도 검증방법을 사용하였다. 타당성 평가 결과 분석을 위해서 Lawshe(1975)의 내용타당도 비율(Content Validity Ratio: CVR) 계산 공식을 활용하였다. 검증 결과는 전체 8차시의 타당성 조사 결과 3,4학년 4차시 프로그램을 제외하고는 개발 취지에 부합하는 것으로 분석되었다. 3 4학년 4차시 프로그램은 다학문적 연계 영역에 대한 문제점이 제기되었고, 이를 수정하였다. 향후 이 연구에서 제안한 프로그램을 초등학교 학생에게 적용하여 학습능력 향상 효과성 정도를 측정할 필요가 있겠다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.69-85
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• 2022

목적 : 본 연구는 연하장애 환자를 대상으로 구강안면기능을 평가할 수 있는 포괄적 구강안면기능척도(Comprehensive Oro-Facial Function Scale; COFFS)를 개발하고자 실시되었다. 연구방법 : COFFS의 문항 구성과 신뢰도를 검증하는 연구로 4개의 선행 연구를 선택 분석하여 예비문항을 수집하였고, 전문가를 대상으로 2차의 설문조사를 통해 내용타당도(Content Validity Ratio; CVR)를 도출하였다. 평가 항목의 내적 타당도를 위해 Cronbach's 𝛼값을 산출하였으며, 급간 내 상관계수(Internal Classification Coefficients; ICC)를 이용하여 검사-재검사 신뢰도 및 검사자간 신뢰도를 구하였다. 결과 : 전체 문항의 내용타당도는 0.67로 나타났으며, 영역별 Cronbach's 𝛼값의 경우 의사소통 영역 0.849, 구강안면 구조 및 형태 -0.224, 구강안면 움직임 수행능력 0.831, 저작 및 삼킴 기능은 0.946으로 도출되었으며, 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 0.974, 검사자간 신뢰도는 0.937로 높은 신뢰도를 보였다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 COFFS의 평가도구는 4개의 영역에서 34개의 문항을 최종적으로 선정하였고, 평가항목에 따라 3~5점 척도로 개발되었다. 추후 연구에서는 구강안면기능을 측정하는 다른 평가도구와의 상관관계를 통해 타당도를 입증할 추가연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1223-1231
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• 2018

The direct torque control (DTC) scheme features a simple structure thanks to stator flux-oriented control. It has the advantage of robustness against motor parameters variation since only the stator resistance is involved in the control scheme. On the other hand, the disadvantage of DTC is large torque ripple. To reduce the torque ripple, many studies on DTC-space vector modulation (DTC-SVM) schemes, which modulate the duty ratio with a fixed switching cycle, have been proposed. However, there is the difficulty in obtaining the duty ratio for DTC-SVM. Hence, this paper proposes a new duty ratio selection and stator flux calculation methods for reducing torque ripple. Simulations and experiments were carried out to determine the validity of the proposed method. The proposed scheme has simplified the duty ratio command and achieved the same control performance as the conventional duty ratio modulation method without using the information of motor parameters.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2015

Background: This paper describes the development of a scale for measuring safety climate. Methods: This study was conducted in six manufacturing companies in Iran. The scale developed through conducting a literature review about the safety climate and constructing a question pool. The number of items was reduced to 71 after performing a screening process. Results: The result of content validity analysis showed that 59 items had excellent item content validity index (${\geq}0.78$) and content validity ratio (> 0.38). The exploratory factor analysis resulted in eight safety climate dimensions. The reliability value for the final 45-item scale was 0.96. The result of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the safety climate model is satisfactory. Conclusion: This study produced a valid and reliable scale for measuring safety climate in manufacturing companies.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 1997년도 특별강연 및 춘계학술발표 개요집
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• pp.91-98
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• 1997

This research is to evaluate of the J-R curve characteristic in 5083 aluminum alloy weldment by utilizing the load ratio analysis. This analysis method can be evaluated the J-R curve only with load-displacement curve without any particular precision instrument equipment in CT specimen. For validity, the results of the load ratio analysis are compared with the those of the J-R curve, which are obtained by the ASTM standard unloading compliance method. The calculated crack length of the load ratio analysis is well appropriate that the measured final crack length. And the J-R curve slope estimated by the load ratio analysis is slightly smaller than that by the ASTM unloading compliance method.