• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.555-562
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• 2007

The Variable Valve Timing(VVT) system for high performance is a key technology used in newly developed engines. The system realizes higher torque, better fuel economy, and lower emissions by allowing an additional degree of freedom in valve timing during engine operation. In this study, a model-based control method is proposed to enable a fast and precise VVT control system that is robust with respect to manufacturing tolerances and aging. The VVT system is modeled by a third-order nonlinear state equation intended to account for nonlinearities of the system. Based on the model, a controller is designed for position control of the VVT system. The sliding mode theory is applied to controller design to overcome model uncertainties and unknown disturbances. The experimental results suggest that the proposed sliding mode controller is capable of improving tracking performance. In addition, the sliding mode controller is robust to battery voltage disturbance.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.3032-3037
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• 2008

Variable Valve Timing (VVT) system can be used to improve fuel economy, performance and emissions. This study is identified the effect of VVT in terms of wide open throttle torque, Residual gas fraction, volume efficiency. Engine cycle simulations are performed on 2.0L DOHC in-line 4-cylinder SI engine by using WAVE of Ricardo. Results of the simulations had good agreement with WOT torque experimental data, and helped to predict the tendency of performance as the valve timings change. WOT torque was higher when intake valves were closed early for low rpm and late for high rpm.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.53-58
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• 2008

The traditional engine valve train in a combustion engine is the mechanically driven camshaft system that provides one-fixed valve timing. The variable valve timing (VVT), however, is highly required to achieve the significant improvement in fuel economy. To achieve VVT in combustion engine, the solenoid type of actuator had been developed in past years, but it requires current in all operation period, the starting is difficult and the efficiency is low. In this paper, a new linear actuator using permanent magnet (PM) is proposed and verified its feasibility by finite element (FE) analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.690-691
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• 2006

Variable valve timing unit, which is able to decrease environmental load and improve fuel economy is loaded onto many automobiles recently. This unit consists mainly of sprocket, housing and rotor. These parts are requested different properties according to environment. We produce sintered parts for variable valve timing unit by selecting compact, sinter process and special treatment according to demanded properties. In this paper, demanded properties of sintered parts for variable valve timing unit and adopted technique to satisfy them are presented.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.30-36
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• 2003

Variable valve timing(VVT) mechanisms are used widely for improving fuel consumption and reducing emissions. Most of application, however, are limited in the DOHC engine. Dual equal retard/advance strategy is relatively simple one and can be applied to both SOHC and DOHC engines. In this study, effects of dual equal valve timing retard/advance are investigated to observe the feasibility of VVT system on an SOHC SI engine. The result shows that fuel economy and emissions are improved in the dual retard condition due to increased internal EGR. Some amount of increase in volumetric efficiency can be achieved by advancing valve timing at low speed and by retarding at high speed. In this case, however, full load power is not so much improved as the volumetric efficiency increases because of severe knock. In the dual advance condition, there is no merit in the fuel economy and emission.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2020

Recently, global warming and environmental pollution are becoming more important, and fuel economy is becoming important. Each automobile company is actively developing various new technologies to increase fuel efficiency. CVVD(Continuously Variable Valve Duration) system means a device that continuously changes the rotational speed of the camshaft to change the valve duration according to the state of the engine. In this paper, VVT(Variable Valve Timing) and CVVD were applied to a single-cylinder diesel engine, and the characteristics of intake and exhaust flow rate and in-cylinder pressure characteristics were analyzed by numerical analysis. In order to analyze the effect of CVVD on the actual engine operation, the study was performed by setting the valve control and injection pressure as variables in two sections of the engine operating region. As a result, In the case of applying CVVD, the positive overlap with the exhaust valve is maintained, thus it is possible to secure the flow smoothness of air and increase the volumetric efficiency by improving the flow rate. The section 2 condition showed the highest peak pressure, but the pressure rise rate was similar to that of the VVT 20 and CVCD 20 conditions up to 40 bar due to the occurrence of ignition delay.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.178-185
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• 2006

This paper investigates the steady-state combustion characteristics of the Homogeneous charge compression ignition(HCCI) engine with variable valve timing(VVT) and dimethyl ether(DME) direct injection, to find out its benefits in exhaust gas emissions. HCCI combustion is an attractive way to lower carbon dioxide($CO_2$), nitrogen oxides(NOx) emission and to allow higher fuel conversion efficiency. However, HCCI engine has inherent problem of narrow operating range at high load due to high in-cylinder peak pressure and consequent noise. To overcome this problem, the control of combustion start and heat release rate is required. It is difficult to control the start of combustion because HCCI combustion phase is closely linked to chemical reaction during a compression stroke. The combination of VVT and DME direct injection was chosen as the most promising strategy to control the HCCI combustion phase in this study. Regular gasoline was injected at intake port as main fuel, while small amount of DME was also injected directly into the cylinder as an ignition promoter for the control of ignition timing. Different intake valve timings were tested for combustion phase control. Regular gasoline was tested for HCCI operation and emission characteristics with various engine conditions. With HCCI operation, ignition delay and rapid burning angle were successfully controlled by the amount of internal EGR that was determined with VVT. For best IMEP and low HC emission, DME should be injected during early compression stroke. IMEP was mainly affected by the DME injection timing, and quantities of fuel DME and gasoline. HC emission was mainly affected by both the amount of gasoline and the DME injection timing. NOx emission was lower than conventional SI engine at gasoline lean region. However, NOx emission was similar to that in the conventional SI engine at gasoline rich region. CO emission was affected by the amount of gasoline and DME.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2014

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

Variable valve timing is one of the attractive ways to control homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. Hot internal residual gas which can be controlled by variable valve timing(VVT) device, makes fuel evaporated easily, and ignition timing advanced. Regular gasoline was used as main fuel and di-methyl ether(DME) was used as ignition promoter in this research. HCCI engine operating range is limited by high combustion peak pressure and engine noise. High combustion pressure can damage the engine during operation. To avoid engine damage, the rich limits have to define using various methods. Peak combustion pressure, rate of cylinder pressure rise was considered to determine rich limit of engine operating range. Knock probability was correlated with the rate of cylinder pressure rise as well as the peak combustion pressure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 2006

This paper investigates the steady state combustion characteristics of LPG homogeneous charge compression ignition(HCCI) engine with variable valve timing(VVT) and dimethyl ether(DME) direct injection, to find out the benefits in exhaust gas emissions. VVT is one of the attractive ways to control HCCI engine. Hot internal residual gas which is controlled by VVT device, makes fuel is evaporated easily, and ignition timing is advanced. Regular gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) were used as main fuel and dimethyl ether(DME) was used as ignition promoter in this research. Operating range and exhaust emissions were compared LPG HCCI engine with gasoline HCCI engine. Operating range of LPG HCCI engine was wider than that of gasoline HCCI engine. The start of combustion was affected by the intake valve open(IVO) timing and the ${\lambda}TOTAL$ due to the latent heat of vaporization, not like gasoline HCCI engine. At rich operation conditions, the burn duration of the LPG HCCI engine was longer than that of the gasoline HCCI engine. CAD at 20% and 90% of the mass fraction burned were also more retarded than that of the gasoline HCCI engine. And carbon dioxide(CO2) emission of LPG HCCI engine was lower than that of gasoline HCCI engine. However, carbon oxide(CO) and hydro carbon(HC) emission of LPG HCCI engine were higher than that of gasoline HCCI engine.