• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.386-393
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• 2004

In order to maintain load balancing in distributed systems in a decentralized manner, every node should obtain workload information from all the nodes on the network. It requires $Ο({v^2})$ traffic overheads, where v is the number of nodes. This paper presents a new synchronous dynamic distributed load balancing algorithm for a ( v,k+1,1)-configured network topology, which is a kind of 2k regular graph, based on symmetric balanced incomplete block design, where v equals ${k^2}+k+1$. Our algorithm needs only Ο(v√v) message overheads and each node receives workload information from all the nodes without redundancy. And load balancing in this algorithm is maintained so that every link has same amount of traffic by √v for transferring workload information.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.367-373
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• 2019

As the number of Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) is increasing dramatically Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) te chnology also has been spotlight from industry and academia recently. With help of V2G technology Battery of EV can play many important roles like as energy storage system (ESS) and electric energy resource in Smart Grid environment. This paper provides comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Home(V2H), Vehicle-to-Building(V2B) and Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G) technologies. The economical analysis of these technologies is also discussed.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.449-456
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• 2023

In this study, we developed Rapid Enrichment Broth for Vibrio parahaemolyticus (REB-V), a broth capable enriching V. parahaemolyticus from 10⁰ CFU/mL to 10⁶ CFU/mL within 6 hours, which greatly facilitates the rapid detection of V. parahaemolyticus. Using a modified Gompertz model and response surface methodology, we optimized supplement sources to rapidly enrich V. parahaemolyticus. The addition of 0.003 g/10 mL of D-(+)-mannose, 0.002 g/10 mL of L-valine, and 0.002 g/10 mL of magnesium sulfate to 2% (w/v) NaCl BPW was the most effective combination of V. parahaemolyticus enrichment. Optimal V. parahaemolyticus culture conditions using REB-V were at pH 7.84 and 37℃. To confirm REB-V culture efficiency compared to 2% (w/v) NaCl BPW, we assessed the amount of enrichment achieved in 7 hours in each medium and extracted DNA samples from each culture every hour. Real-time PCR was performed using the extracted DNA to verify the applicability of this REB-V culture method to molecular diagnosis. V. parahaemolyticus was enriched to 5.452±0.151 Log CFU/mL in 2% (w/v) NaCl BPW in 7 hours, while in REB-V, it reached 7.831±0.323 Log CFU/mL. This confirmed that REB-V enriched V. parahaemolyticus to more than 10⁶ CFU/mL within 6 hours. The enrichment rate of REB-V was faster than that of 2% (w/v) NaCl BPW, and the amount of enrichment within the same time was greater than that of 2% (w/v) NaCl BPW, indicating that REB-V exhibits excellent enrichment efficiency.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.603-614
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• 2014

We introduce the concepts of ($\mathcal{T}^{{\mu}{\gamma}}$, $\mathcal{U}^{{\mu}{\gamma}}$)-double (r, s) (u, v)-semiclosures and ($\mathcal{T}^{{\mu}{\gamma}}$, $\mathcal{U}^{{\mu}{\gamma}}$)-double (r, s)(u, v)-semiinteriors. Using the notions, we investigate some of characteristic properties of double pairwise (r, s)(u, v)-semicontinuous, double pairwise (r, s)(u, v)-semiopen and double pairwise (r, s)(u, v)-semiclosed mappings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.157-158
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• 2017

This tests examined bond stress-slip relationship of V-ties embedded into concrete as a supplementary lateral reinforcement proposed for ductility of concrete flexural members. The different leg shapes of V-ties were prepared as a test parameter. The V-tie with pressed end-legs exhibited 28% higher bond strength than the conventional V-ties, whereas bond stress-slip curves were insignificantly affected by the embedment length of V-ties.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 2006

This research compared growth and flowering of potted $Viola{\times}wittrockiana$ 'Majestic GT Scarlet Shadow' in various mixtures of recycled perlite and cellular glass foam (CGF). The crop was cultured in a mat subirrigation system. Numbers of leaves, opened flowers, flower buds, and branches, fresh and dry weights of shoot, leaf area, and total chlorophyll concentration were the greatest in plants grown in the medium of used perlite + granular rockwool+ peatmoss (25:50:25, v/v/v). Plant height and length of the longest root were the highest and longest, respectively, in plants grown in the medium of CGF+peatmoss (25:75, v/v). The medium of CGF+peatmoss (25:75, v/v) was better than the medium of used perlite+peatmoss (25:75, v/v) in plant growth. The medium of CGF + granular rockwool (25:75, v/v) was poorer than the medium of recycled perlite + granular rockwool (25:75, v/v).

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.307-315
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• 2012

Somatic chromosome numbers for 10 taxa and karyotypes analysis for 6 taxa of Korean Vicia were investigated. Somatic chromosome numbers of treated taxa were 2n = 12, 14 or 24 and therefore they proved to be diploid or tetraploid with basic chromosome numbers of x = 6 or 7. The chromosome number of V. hirticalycina (2n = 2x = 12) was reported for the first time in this study. The chromosome numbers of nine taxa were the same as in previous studies; V. angustifolia (2n = 2x = 12), V. cracca (2n = 4x = 24), V. hirsuta (2n = 2x = 14), V. tetrasperma (2n = 2x = 14 + 2B), V. amurensis (2n = 2x = 12), V. chosenensis (2n = 2x = 12, 12 + 2B), V. unijuga (2n = 4x = 24), V. unijuga f. minor (2n = 4x = 24), V. venosa var. cuspidata (2n = 4x = 24). The karyotypes of V. cracca, V. amurensis, V. hirticalycina, V. unijuga, V. unijuga f. minor, V. venosa var. cuspidata were observed as 2 m + 8 sm + 2 st, 2 m + 2 sm + 2 st, 3 m + 1 sm + 2 st, 4 m + 6 sm + 2 st, 4 m + 6 sm + 2 st, 4 m + 8 sm, respectively.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.859-866
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• 2020

This paper proposes a 2-ch DC-DC converter with a wide-input voltage range from 2.9V~5.6V for wearable AMOLED displays. For positive voltage V_POS, a boost converter is designed using an over-charged voltage permissible circuit (OPC) which generates a normal output voltage even if over-input voltage is applied, and a SPWM-PWM dual mode with 3-segmented power transistors to improve efficiency at light load. For negative voltage V_NEG, a 0.5x regulated inverting charge pump is designed to increase power efficiency. The proposed DC-DC converter was designed using a 0.18-㎛ BCDMOS process. Simulation results show that the proposed DC-DC converter generates V_POS voltages of 4.6 V and V_NEG voltage of -0.6V~-2.3V for input voltage of 2.9V to 5.6V. In addition, it has power efficiency of 49%~92%, output ripple voltage has less than 20 mV for load current range of 1 mA~70 mA.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.5-16
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• 2008

This study investigated the existing theoretical backgrounds in order to examine the stability control method of lateral flow caused by the Plasticity of soils when unsymmetrical surcharge works on polluted soils and then compared and analyzed the results measured through model tests. Ultimate bearing power of ML and $ML_{p1}$ and $ML_{p2}$ obtained at surcharge(q)-settlement$(S_v)$ curve showed similar trends to ultimate bearing power obtained from control chart of deflection $(S_v-Y_m)$ by Tominaga.Hashimoto, that of $S_v-(Y_m/S_v)$ by Matsuo.Kawamura and that of $(q/Y_m)-q$ by Shibata.Sekiguchi and so it is considered that it has no problem in actual applicability. ${S_v-(Y_m/S_v)}$ of control chart of $ML_{p1}$ by Matsuo.Kawamura showed smaller value than ultimate bearing capacity value from surcharge-settlement curve $(q-S_v)$. Expression of ML of fracture baseline at stability control charge by Matsuo Kawamura is ${S_v=3.21exp}\{-0.48(Y_m/S_v)\}$ and expression of $ML_{p1}$ is ${S_v=3.26exp}\{-0.96(Y_m/S_v)\}$ and expression of $ML_{p2}$ is ${S_v=6.33exp}\{-0.45(Y_m/S_v)\}$.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2011

Let f be a function which assigns a positive integer f(v) to each vertex v $\in$ V (G), let r, s and t be non-negative integers. An f-coloring of G is an edge-coloring of G such that each vertex v $\in$ V (G) has at most f(v) incident edges colored with the same color. The minimum number of colors needed to f-color G is called the f-chromatic index of G and denoted by ${\chi}'_f$(G). An [r, s, t; f]-coloring of a graph G is a mapping c from V(G) $\bigcup$ E(G) to the color set C = {0, 1, $\ldots$; k - 1} such that |c($v_i$) - c($v_j$ )| $\geq$ r for every two adjacent vertices $v_i$ and $v_j$, |c($e_i$ - c($e_j$)| $\geq$ s and ${\alpha}(v_i)$ $\leq$ f($v_i$) for all $v_i$ $\in$ V (G), ${\alpha}$ $\in$ C where ${\alpha}(v_i)$ denotes the number of ${\alpha}$-edges incident with the vertex $v_i$ and $e_i$, $e_j$ are edges which are incident with $v_i$ but colored with different colors, |c($e_i$)-c($v_j$)| $\geq$ t for all pairs of incident vertices and edges. The minimum k such that G has an [r, s, t; f]-coloring with k colors is defined as the [r, s, t; f]-chromatic number and denoted by ${\chi}_{r,s,t;f}$ (G). In this paper, we present some general bounds for [r, s, t; f]-coloring firstly. After that, we obtain some important properties under the restriction min{r, s, t} = 0 or min{r, s, t} = 1. Finally, we present some problems for further research.