• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.393-403
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• 2019

The cycling impact test of red sandstone soil under different axial pressure and different impact loads are conducted to reveal the mechanical properties and energy consumption mechanism of red sandstone soil with static-dynamic coupling loading. The results show that: Under the action of different axial pressure and different impact loads, the peak stress of the specimen increases, and then tends to be stable with the times of impact. With the increase of impact times, the specific energy absorption value of the red sandstone soil specimen is increased first and then gentle development trend. When the impact loads are certain, the larger the axial pressure is, the smaller the peak value of energy absorption, which indicates that the energy utilization rate is not high under the condition of large axial pressure. Through the analysis of energy utilization, it is found that the smaller the impact load, the higher the energy utilization rate. The greater the axial pressure, the lower the energy utilization rate. when the axial pressure is large, the impact loads corresponding to the maximum values of reflectivity, transmissivity and absorptivity are the same. The relationship between reflectivity and transmissivity is negatively correlated.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 1996

This study was analyze through the reports which published on the subject matter of Su Dong-Myun from year of 1972-1993, and analysis of data in 1994 was performed with medical records on the health subcenter by PC-SAS program. The result are as follows: The number of population in Su-Dong Myun(study area) was 5,707 in 1995, 4,641 in 1985 and 5,424 in 1975. In the composition rate of population "0-14" of age group only showed markedly decreasing tendancy from 42.8% in 1975 to 19.1% in 1995. However, "65 and over" showed markedly increasing tendancy from 5.7% in 1975 to 9.8% in 1995. Annual utilization rate showed rapidly increasing tendency from year of 1972 to 1978, such as 314 per showed rapidly decreasing tendency, such as 708 in 1981, 485 in 1984, 272 in 1987, 309 in 190 and in 1993. In the annual age-specific utilization rate, the age group of "0-14" showed the highest rate of 621 per thousand population in 1975, 1159 in 1980, 1021 in 1985 and 538 in 1990. However the age group of "65 and over" showed the highest rate of 481 in 1994. Age specific annual utilization rate showed markedly decreasing tendency in the age group of "0-14" and "15-44", however showed slightly decreasing tendency or same level in the group of "45-64" and "65 and over" from year of 1980 to 1994. In the age specific utilization rate, the lower down the age was, the higher tendency the rate showed, such as 621 per 1,000 population in "0-14" of the age group, 543 in "15-44", 406 in "45-64" and 294 in "65 and over" in 1975. However, the higher up the age was, the higher tendency the rate showed in 1980, 1985 and 1994, except "0-14" of age group. The 5 major diseases were disease of Respiratory system, Gastrointestinal system, Skin and Subcutaneous tissue, Accidents, Poisoning and Violence and Nervous system and Sense organ, in 1975, 1980 and 1985. However, in 1990 and 1994, the 5 major disease were disease of Respiratory system, Gastrointestinal system. Skin and Subcutaneous tissue, Musculoskeletal system and, Connective tissue and Circulatory system. In Composition rate of patient in Su Dong-Myun Health Subcenter by Charged Medical Fee, medical insurance showed almost all the highest rate of 93.9% in year of 1994 and C.H.D.A. of 100% in 1975. Proportion of insurance showed increasing tendency such as 6.6% in 1980, 21.3% in 1985, 69.0% in 1990 and relatively C.H.D.A. showed decreasing tendency.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2015

Objective : The aim of this study was to survey the present utilization of pattern identification(PI) in the clinical field among Korean Medicine Doctors. Method : This survey was conducted from Oct. 1 to Oct. 31, 2014 by face-to-face interview using structured questionnaire. The subjects were 400 korean medicine doctors who worked in hospitals or clinics. The questionnaire consisted of two sections - a demographics section(i.e., sex, age, clinical experience, place of work, residence and so on) and the main research section(i.e., the PI utilization rate, the utilization of PI systems, the utilization of PI in the clinical domain and in the treatment domain, the correlation between utilization PI and so on). Results : This study revealed that subjects used the PI to 66.7% of their patients on average. The utilization rate of PI in patients was significantly higher for female physicians than for male physicians, for physicians worked in clinics than for physicians who worked in hospitals and for physicians with more than 10 years clinical experience than for physicians with less than 10 years clinical experience. In the utilization of PI systems, Visceral PI was most as 92.0%. There were significant difference on the PI utilization rate according to utilization of Meridian and Collateral PI, Triple Energizer PI, Defense, Qi, Nutrient and Blood PI, Six-Meridian PI and Six Excesses PI. As a result of analysing the PI utilization rate by clinical domain and in the treatment domain, the Treatment and the Drug Treatment showed the highest values. Among utilized PI systems, the correlation coefficients between Defense, Qi, Nutrient and Blood PI and Triple Energizer PI showed the highest value, but the correlation coefficients between Sasang Constitutional Medicine with the each PI showed substantially lower value. Conclusion : The results of this study demonstrate that usage of PI was higher than usage of U code(in KCD) usage in clinical field. we suggested that additional studies on using PI and developing more appropriate standardized tool should be conducted to widen scope of PI's utilization.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2001년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.37-42
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• 2001

Utilization rate for the restrictive gate and required time and walking distance to board are to be a measure for the gate management and passenger's convenience estimation. So, the main purpose of the gate management are maximization of utilization rate and increment of airport terminal user's convenience through the efficient gate management. This study intends to maximize the utilization rate on usable gates by concerning about layout, terminal configuration, local passenger of the airport and development of gate assignment algorithm and DSS which maximize the gate utilization and minimize the passenger's walking distance.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2003

Utilization rate for the gate and required time and walking distance to boarding flight are important measures for the gate management and passenger's convenience estimation. So, the main purpose of the gate management are the maximization of utilization rate and improvement of airport terminal user's convenience through the efficient gate management. This study intends to maximize the utilization rate of usable gates by considering layout, terminal configuration, local passenger of the airport and development of gate assignment algorithm and DSS which maximizes the gate utilization and minimizes the passengers' walking distance. And the decision support system can provide an efficient means of airport management of airport using an assignment algorithm.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2010

교통정보제공에 따른 운전자의 반응 행태에 관한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있지만, 메시지의 구성과 표현방법, 제공시기, 제공지점, 제공매체, 소통상황에 따른 변화 등 세부적인 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 소통상황에 따라 정보매체의 이용패턴이 어떻게 변화하는지를 분석하고, 매체의 특성에 따라 이를 재분류하여 각 소통상황에 따른 정보매체별 우회이용률 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 기존 연구와는 달리 정보매체의 분류기준으로 소통상황과 정보매체 이용률간의 상관계수 부호를 이용하였으며, 통계적 타당성을 갖도록 수동이용매체, 능동이용매체, 과거경험으로 군집하였다. 군집한 매체별 이용률과 소통상황 간의 상관분석 결과, 수동이용매체의 경우 통행속도와 양(+)의 상관관계를 가지고 있었으나, 능동이용매체와 과거경험의 경우 음(-)의 상관관계를 갖고 있는 것으로 분석되었으며, 이는 주말과 추석연휴 모두 동일하였다. 정체와 서행상황에서는 과거경험에 의한 우회결정의 비율이 가장 높았으나, 원활 상황에서는 수동이용매체를 이용한 우회결정이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 혼잡이 심화될수록 수동이용매체의 이용률은 감소되는 반면, 능동이용매체와 과거경험을 이용하는 우회율은 증가한다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 향후 주말과 추석연휴 시 우회를 통한 교통량 분산전략을 수립할 경우, 소통상황과 매체특성에 맞는 전략을 수립해야할 것이다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.72-109
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• 1999

This study is conducted to investigate the current status on the utilization of health care and plan for solving this problem. The claims data of the fiscal tear 1995 obtained from the regional health insurance society are used for the study. The main findings of the study are summarized as follows. Indexes(The Extremal Quotient(EQ), coefficients of variance(CV's))which represent the regional difference in the admission rate of the tertiary medical diagnosis group report that there is difference in quantity and quality of utilization of health care. The admission rate is lower in the big city areas, Kyoungkido, Kangwondo and Chunlapukdo. Even after age-sex adjustment, the admission rate is still low in Kangwondo, Chunlapukdo and Kyoungsangpukdo. The big city areas tend to have higher rates in the expenses per claim, hospital days per claim, and daily expenses but the rates are still low in some area in Kangwondo, Chunlanamdo and Kyoungsangpukdo. This result remains as same after age-sex adjustment. There is a large regional difference in average utilization rate for the tertiary hospital of the tertiary medical diagnosis group: 57.2%(SD 11.53). The utilization rates for the tertiary hospital in their large catchment area are 96.34%, 83.19% and 73.22% in each Kyoungin, Kyoungnam and Kyoungpuk areas whereas it is lower in a Chungpuk and Chungnam areas. The regional differences of health care utilization of the tertiary medical diagnosis group gave some relationships with their geographical characteristics such as socio-economic characteristics and supply factors of medical services. It is important that many medical policies should be developed in order to minimize and balance out the regional differences of health care utilization. The service allocation policy should include the reconstruction of manpower policy, developing the resource allocating formula, finding the self-sufficient catchment area and reforcing of public health services. Moreover, in order to achieve the balanced development by region, they should investigate and consider each county's microscopic properties under the consistent macrocopic policy. The further studies to find causes of regional difference are needed.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.205-224
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• 2015

Information System is a critical success factor for overcoming the limitations of asset and capacity of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME), and for acquiring competitiveness. Although, the rate of adopting information system by SME has grown, the rate of its utilization has been stagnant. The purpose of this study is to identify the influencing factors that increase SME's information system utilization. We identify perception of strategic value, supplier's support capacity, and organizational characteristic by examining previous researches on information system utilization by SMEs, and verify their the influencing relationship with the information system utilization. This study verifies the research model and hypothesis using structural model. A date-set of 1209 samples from a survey on employees in charge of information system of SME was applied in verifying the research hypothesis. The result of this study shows that the information system utilization influences perception of strategic value and support of supply company, and partly, the structural characteristics. This study presents directions to establish strategy and policy making, and theoretically presents core factors of SME's information system utilization.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1994

We carried out this study by analyzing the annual reports, surveyed by medical college student(Ewha Woman's University) through the medical records of new patients of Su-Dong Myon Health Subcenter from 1982 to 1992, and the specific survey data of 247 in Su-Dong Myon area which consists of 5,454 population and 1,651 household(43.6% farm household), in December, 1993. Results were as follows: 1) The number of population in Su-Dong Myon is 5,265 in 1982, 4,905 in 1984, 4,885 in 1986, 4,820 in 1988, 4,663 in 1990, 5,454 in 1992. 2) Since 1982, the annual utilization rate of a rural health subcenter showed decreasing tendency: such as 609(the highest rate) per 1,000 inhabitants in 1982, 485 in 1984, 525 in 1985, 281 in 1988, 316 in 1990 and 197 in 1992. The utilization rate by sex was decreasing chronologically in male, and age-specific utilization rate showed rapidly decreasing tendency since 1982 : 1,037 per 1,000 inhabitants in 1982, 877 in 1984, 1,084 in 1986, 519 in 1988, 538 in 1990 and 333 in 1992, in age group of 0-14, but not changing tendency in age-groups of 65 and over. 3) The monthly utilization rate of a rural health subcenter showed increasing tendency in March, July and August from 1982 to 1987, and in March and May from 1988 to 1992. 4) The patient rate of medical insurance showed increasing tendency since 1983: 17.0% per 100 patients(the lowest rate) in 1983, 21.3% in 1985, 20.4% in 1987, 70,0% in 1989 and 77.8% in 1991. However, the patient rate of Medicaid showed no specific change. 5) The utilization rate by the remedial measures for primary health care showed 30.8% of the answered in private special clinic, the highest rate, and 30.0% in drug stores, 25.5% in health subcenter, 10.5% in hospital and 1.2% in oriental clinic. In favorite physicians for primary health care, specialist was the highest rate, 48.6% of the answered, and general practitioner, 39.7% and home doctor, 8.9% in next order. And 70.8% of the answered experienced to visit the health subcenter more than once. 6) Disfavorite reasons of health subcenter were insufficient equipment(42.1%, the highest), and the next order, short cure time per day(25.1%), "be not cured"(12.2%), "be not(6.9%) and unkindness(3.6%), And the major obstacles in utilizing the medical facilities for primary health care were farm works(41.7%, the highest), distance(27.1%) and medical cost(11.4%).

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2004

Batch test methods have developed for a long time to measure kinetic and stoichiometric parameters which are required to perform steady state design and mathematical modelling of activated sludge processes. However, at various So/Xo ratios, abnormal behaviors of ordinary heterotrophic organism in batch tests have been reported in many researches. Thus, in this research, abnormal behaviors of heterotrophs in batch tests were investigated at various So/Xo conditions by measuring and interpreting oxygen utilization rate. As So/Xo ratio increased, the calculated values of maximum specific growth rates, ${\mu}_{H,max}$ and $K_{MP,max}$, increased. However, at a certain point of So/Xo (around 10mgCOD/mgMLAVSS), ${\mu}_{H,max}$ and $K_{MP,max}$ values started to decrease. According to this observation, three prominent behaviours of heterotrophs were identified at various So/Xo conditions. (1) At low So/Xo region (below 5 mgCOD/mgMLAVSS), the oxygen utilization rate of heterotrophs in batch tests were almost stable and consequently yielded lower maximum specific growth rate. (2) At high So/Xo region (up to 5~10 mgCOD/mgMLAVSS), oxygen utilization rate incresed sharply with time and indicated more upward curvature than the predicted OUR with conventional activated sludge model, which consists of single hetetrotrophs group. Thus, in this region, competition model of two organisms, fast-grower and slow-grower, seemed to be appropriate. (3) At extremely high So/Xo region (over 10mgCOD/mgMLAVSS), significant oxygen utilization rate was still observed even after depletion of readily biodegradable COD. This might be caused by retarded utilization of intermediates which were generated by self inhibition mechanism in the process of RBCOD uptake.