• Title/Summary/Keyword: Using Conceptual Question

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The Impact of Integrating Engineering into Science Learning on Student's Conceptual Understandings of the Concept of Heat Transfer

  • Park, Mi-Sun;Nam, Youn-Kyeong;Moore, Tamara;Roehrig, Gillian
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.89-101
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    • 2011
  • Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology (STEM) integrated education has been spotlighted as a new approach for promoting students' conceptual understanding and supporting their future career in STEM field. There is increasing evidence of the positive impact of using a whole design process that can be an example of STEM integrated activities to improve students' conceptual understanding and problem solving skills. However, there is a lack of information on how teachers should accomplish science and engineering integration activities in their classroom and what process they should pay attention. To answer this question, we research the relationship between an design process and students' conceptual understanding using an engineering design activity, called 'Save the Penguins', and study on how each step in an engineering design process in this activity enhance students' conceptual knowledge in science. We found that testing their prototypes and discussing with their peers were the most important process for students to understand and apply science concept for their design, even though the whole engineering design process (demonstration about radiation, discussion about examples in our lives, and testing and reviewing their prototypes, and making final design) helps the students understand the scientific concepts.

Automatic Response and Conceptual Browsing of Internet FAQs Using Self-Organizing Maps (자기구성 지도를 이용한 인터넷 FAQ의 자동응답 및 개념적 브라우징)

  • Ahn, Joon-Hyun;Ryu, Jung-Won;Cho, Sung-Bae
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.432-441
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    • 2002
  • Though many services offer useful information on internet, computer users are not so familiar with such services that they need an assistant system to use the services easily In the case of web sites, for example, the operators answer the users e-mail questions, but the increasing number of users makes it hard to answer the questions efficiently. In this paper, we propose an assistant system which responds to the users questions automatically and helps them browse the Hanmail Net FAQ (Frequently Asked Question) conceptually. This system uses two-level self-organizing map (SOM): the keyword clustering SOM and document classification SOM. The keyword clustering SOM reduces a variable length question to a normalized vector and the document classification SOM classifies the question into an answer class. Experiments on the 2,206 e-mail question data collected for a month from the Hanmail net show that this system is able to find the correct answers with the recognition rate of 95% and also the browsing based on the map is conceptual and efficient.

Dispute of Part-Whole Representation in Conceptual Modeling (부분-전체 관계에 관한 개념적 모델링의 논의에 관하여)

  • Kim, Taekyung;Park, Jinsoo;Rho, Sangkyu
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.97-116
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    • 2012
  • Conceptual modeling is an important step for successful system development. It helps system designers and business practitioners share the same view on domain knowledge. If the work is successful, a result of conceptual modeling can be beneficial in increasing productivity and reducing failures. However, the value of conceptual modeling is unlikely to be evaluated uniformly because we are lack of agreement on how to elicit concepts and how to represent those with conceptual modeling constructs. Especially, designing relationships between components, also known as part-whole relationships, have been regarded as complicated work. The recent study, "Representing Part-Whole Relations in Conceptual Modeling : An Empirical Evaluation" (Shanks et al., 2008), published in MIS Quarterly, can be regarded as one of positive efforts. Not only the study is one of few attempts of trying to clarify how to select modeling alternatives in part-whole design, but also it shows results based on an empirical experiment. Shanks et al. argue that there are two modeling alternatives to represent part-whole relationships : an implicit representation and an explicit one. By conducting an experiment, they insist that the explicit representation increases the value of a conceptual model. Moreover, Shanks et al. justify their findings by citing the BWW ontology. Recently, the study from Shanks et al. faces criticism. Allen and March (2012) argue that Shanks et al.'s experiment is lack of validity and reliability since the experimental setting suffers from error-prone and self-defensive design. They point out that the experiment is intentionally fabricated to support the idea, as such that using concrete UML concepts results in positive results in understanding models. Additionally, Allen and March add that the experiment failed to consider boundary conditions; thus reducing credibility. Shanks and Weber (2012) contradict flatly the argument suggested by Allen and March (2012). To defend, they posit the BWW ontology is righteously applied in supporting the research. Moreover, the experiment, they insist, can be fairly acceptable. Therefore, Shanks and Weber argue that Allen and March distort the true value of Shanks et al. by pointing out minor limitations. In this study, we try to investigate the dispute around Shanks et al. in order to answer to the following question : "What is the proper value of the study conducted by Shanks et al.?" More profoundly, we question whether or not using the BWW ontology can be the only viable option of exploring better conceptual modeling methods and procedures. To understand key issues around the dispute, first we reviewed previous studies relating to the BWW ontology. We critically reviewed both of Shanks and Weber and Allen and March. With those findings, we further discuss theories on part-whole (or part-of) relationships that are rarely treated in the dispute. As a result, we found three additional evidences that are not sufficiently covered by the dispute. The main focus of the dispute is on the errors of experimental methods: Shanks et al. did not use Bunge's Ontology properly; the refutation of a paradigm shift is lack of concrete, logical rationale; the conceptualization on part-whole relations should be reformed. Conclusively, Allen and March indicate properly issues that weaken the value of Shanks et al. In general, their criticism is reasonable; however, they do not provide sufficient answers how to anchor future studies on part-whole relationships. We argue that the use of the BWW ontology should be rigorously evaluated by its original philosophical rationales surrounding part-whole existence. Moreover, conceptual modeling on the part-whole phenomena should be investigated with more plentiful lens of alternative theories. The criticism on Shanks et al. should not be regarded as a contradiction on evaluating modeling methods of alternative part-whole representations. To the contrary, it should be viewed as a call for research on usable and useful approaches to increase value of conceptual modeling.

A Study on Guidance System for Work Station using AI Techniques (인공지능 기법을 이용한 워크스테이션 조작 지시용 S/W 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Moon, D.S.;Kim, J.H.;Kim, Y.S.;Kim, H.W.;Choi, B.U.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1987.07b
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    • pp.1042-1045
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    • 1987
  • This paper describes a User Guidance System that extracts Conceptual Structure from the input sentence by use of en theory and performs Question Answering in Teletex Manual domain. It uses Frame typed knowledge base and Frame recognizer as Link procedure between CD structure and Frame controller.

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A Study on guidance System for Workstation Using AI Techniques (인공지능 기법을 이용한 워크스테이션 조작지사용 S/W 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Young Sum Kim
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.168-175
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    • 1988
  • This paper describes a User guidance System aimed for user-friendly workstation guider that extracts Conceptual Structure from the input sentence by use of CE theory and performs Question Answering in Teletex Manual domain. It uses Frame typed knowledge base and CD recognizer as link procedure between CE structure and Frame controller.

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A Study on the Job Satisfaction of KNR (철도직무만족도에 관한 연구)

  • 김정평
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 1999.11a
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    • pp.81-90
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    • 1999
  • This study focuses on what factors influence the job satisfaction of KNR. For solving this research question, three important factors affected job satisfaction are selected through literature review : harmonics communication, fairness of personnel management, satisfaction of human relations. This study tests that the cognitive degrees of above factors are defending on different personal characteristics, and also searches the relationship between job satisfaction and the three factors. This study makes the hypothesis based on a conceptual model elicited from the outline of the previous study. To verify the hypothesis, using SPSS WIN 7.5 package is practiced.

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What Makes Negative Imperative So Natural for Korean [psych-adjective +-e ha-] Constructions?

  • Kim, Il-Kyu
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.210-222
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    • 2007
  • Regarding Korean psych-adjectives and their -e ha- counterparts, e.i., [psych-adjective + -e ha-] constructions, what is at issue is how to capture the semantic difference and similarity between the two. Concerning this issue, one of the most controversial and difficult problems is whether the psych-construction has Action (Agency) as part of its meaning. The purpose of this paper is to solve this problem by answering the question why psych-constructions are much more natural when they are used as negative imperative than when they are used as positive imperative. First, in order to figure out why positive imperative is not allowed, we show that.e ha- adds the meaning of non-volitional action to psych-adjectives, using Jackendoff's Conceptual Semantics. Secondly, in accounting for why negative imperative is so natural, we show, with Talmy's Force Dynamics theory, what the speaker requires from the hearer is internal volitional action.

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The Effects of Step-by-Step Question-Based Unit Design on Elementary School Students' Understanding of 'Seasonal Change' Concept (단계별 질문 중심의 단원 설계가 초등학생의 '계절의 변화' 개념 이해에 미치는 효과)

  • Noh, Ja-Heon;Son, Jun-Ho;Jeong, Ji-Hyun;Song, Jin-Yeo;Kim, Jong-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.151-164
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of reconstructing unit 'Seasonal Change' using step-by-step questioning for concepts changes to adjusting misconceptions of elementary school students. Most students have pre-conceptions at describing seasonal changes based on their experiences. Therefore, in newly developed unit, we reconstructed unit to include core teaching and learning contents by finding out common pre-conceptions of students and specifying purpose of teaching at misconceptions found in pre-conceptions as 'constituent of class for conceptual change'. After the scientific concept test, the result of 24 students in experimental group is statistically significant. Also, according to the result of qualitative analysis, the number of activated conceptional resources and degree of specificity in explaining seasonal changes are higher than that of control group.

Conceptual Change via Instruction based on PhET Simulation Visualizing Flow of Electric Charge for Science Gifted Students in Elementary School (전하이동을 시각화한 PhET 기반 수업을 통한 초등과학영재의 전류개념변화)

  • Lee, Jiwon;Shin, Eun-Jin;Kim, Jung Bog
    • Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.357-371
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    • 2015
  • Even after learning electric current, elementary school students have various non-scientific conceptions and difficulties. Because flow of charge is not visible. Also elementary school students do not learn theory but phenomena, so they cannot transfer theoretical perspective to new situation. In this research, we have designed instruction based on PhET simulation visualizing flow of electric charge and applied it to 37 science-gifted students in elementary school for measuring conceptual understanding. As a result, six out of the seven Hake gains of question set are high gain and just one is middle gain because the students have understood the flow pattern of the charge through circuit elements such as light bulbs, wire, as well as battery with PhET simulation and it gives a chance to create various questions spontaneously about electric current. Also they become able to do spontaneous mental simulation without PhET simulation about flow of charges. This research, suggest that developed materials using PhET simulation could be used as not only program for gifted students in elementary school, but also the electrical circuit section in an elementary science curriculum.