• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.367-376
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• 2013

The objectives of this study are to provide the food market of internet shopping malls with effective marketing data, to provide basic data for the development of related fields of the study, and ultimately to increase the satisfaction of food consumers of internet shopping malls. To achieve the object of this research, a cluster analysis of the research subjects was carried out based on the following 5 factors of food purchasing attribute that had been deduced by a factor analysis by the types of food purchasers: quality characteristics, informativity, convenience, price and diversity. According to the result of the cluster analysis, the research subjects were classified into the 2 clusters of diversity and informativity. The deduced 2 clusters, together with age and occupation among general characteristics, were used as independent variables to find out food purchasing behaviors and satisfaction at internet shopping malls. The results are as follows: Regarding the frequency of food purchasing experiences at internet shopping malls according to occupation, the highest frequency was shown by those involved in service, sales and self-employed businesses; whereas regarding the frequency according to age, those in their 30s and 40s showed the highest frequency. The total amount of money spent on food purchasing for 1 year at internet shopping malls was shown to increase as age increased. The frequency of the purchasing experiences of agricultural products and fish products was shown to be higher as age increased. However, overall purchase satisfaction was highest among those in their 30s, while lowest among those in their 40s. Regarding satisfaction by the types of food purchased via internet shopping malls, satisfaction was relatively higher with common foods and functional foods, while lower with fish products. Taken together, it was concluded that purchasing behaviors at internet food shopping malls, such as the frequency of purchasing experiences and purchase amount, varied depending on age rather than purchasing attribute. Accordingly, in order to vitalize internet food shopping malls, it would be necessary to provide customized food shopping information for individual age groups.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2008

Because of increased nonpoint source runoff potential at highland agricultural fields of Kangwon province, effective agricultural management practices are required to reduce the inflow of sediment and other nonpoint source pollutants into the water bodies. The watershed-scale model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), model has been used worldwide for developing effective watershed management. However, the SWAT model simulated sediment values are significantly affected by the number of subwatershed delineated. This result indicates that the SWAT estimated watershed characteristics from the watershed delineation process affects the soil erosion and sediment behaviors. However, most SWAT users do not spend time and efforts to analyze variations in sediment estimation due to watershed delineation with various threshold value although topography falsification affecting soil erosion process can be caused with watershed delineation processes. The SWAT model estimates the field slope length of Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU) based on average slope of subwatershed within the watershed. Thus the SWAT ArcView GIS Patch, developed by using the regression relationship between average watershed slope and field slope length, was utilized in this study to compare the simulated sediment from various watershed delineation scenarios. Four watershed delineation scenarios were made with various threshold values (700 ha, 300 ha, 100 ha, and 75 ha) and the SWAT estimated flow and sediment values were compared with and without applying the SWAT ArcView GIS Patch. With the SWAT ArcView GIS Patch applied, the simulated flow values are almost same irrespective of the number of subwatershed delineated while the simulated flow values changes to some extent without the SWAT ArcView GIS Patch applied. However when the SWAT ArcView GIS Patch applied, the simulated sediment values vary 9.7% to 29.8% with four watershed delineation scenarios, while the simulated sediment values vary 0.5% to 126.6% without SWAT ArcView GIS applied. As shown, the SWAT estimated flow and sediment values are not affected by the number of watershed delineation significant compared with the estimated flow and sediment value without applying the SWAT ArcView GIS Patch.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.61-72
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• 2017

Purpose - Despite that the importance of small enterprises' performance in the community has been magnified, no study has been conducted yet on the performance based on consumers directly faced by small enterprises. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the life styles of consumers who use small enterprises' stores by type and the word of mouth(WOM) effects, which are concrete behaviors of consumers. Research design, data, and methodology - The VALS classification system was utilized to classify the types of life styles of consumers who use small enterprises' stores. The consumers were divided into a total of four types. This study was intended to investigate the effects of the types of consumers on the word of mouth(WOM) effects of consumers who use small enterprises' stores along with the effects of consumers' perception of economic situations on their word of mouth(WOM) effects after using small enterprises' stores. Results - The results of the study indicated that among the types of consumers who use small enterprises' stores, the group that pursues faith and the group that pursues knowledge had positive (+) effects on favorable word of mouth(WOM) effects. However, the group that pursues trends and the group that pursues action were shown to have no effect and positive or negative perceptions of economic situations were shown to have no effects of the word of mouth(WOM) effects of users of small enterprises' stores. Conclusions - In this study, as a measure to create small enterprises' performance, word of mouth(WOM) effects on small enterprises' stores according to consumers' consumption behaviors were examined focusing on consumers. Through the study results, the groups of consumers who use small enterprises' stores by type that provide favorable word of mouth(WOM) effects were derived. And This Study aims to investigate the relationship between the four type life styles of consumer who use small enterprises' stores and the word of mouth(WOM) effect. Accordingly This study is significant in that it derived a measure to create small enterprises' performance centering on consumers and that it presented a cornerstone for the establishment of small enterprises at the government level.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.59-72
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• 2019

Purpose - Blockchain technology, which has the characteristics of credibility, security, integrity and decentralization, has brought innovation to internet platforms that mediate peer to peer transactions, as well as changes to the contents distribution services. Blockchain-based copyright distribution platforms can solve problems which have been articulated on prior internet social networks: increased market dominance of platform business because of centralization with no reward to creators who upload on platforms, and lack of fairness, such as unfair profit distribution between the copyright holder and businesses. With this background, the current research confirmed the factors that affect the intention of usage and behaviors, targeting potential users of blockchain-based copyright distribution platforms. Research design, data, and methodology - Centered around the UTAUT2 Model, the research model was designed with 'Perceived Security' added as Construct, and 'Age' and 'Knowledge Level' added as moderating variables. For data, 607 responses were collected by an online survey, and 601 responses were included in the final analysis. We analyzed the research model and sample by using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 on the collected responses. Results - First, results of research on whether Constructs make positive effects on Intention of use is: social influence, facilitating conditions, habit, and perceived security had positive effects on intention of use, and performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, and economic value did not. Second, results of the research on whether facilitating condition, habit, and intention of use made an impact on using behaviors, it was shown that only habit and intention of use made positive effects. Third, in two groups divided by age above or under 40, group effort expectancy, intention of use, habit, and intention of use had controlling effects, and facilitating condition, intention of use, perceived security, and intention of use had effects in both groups. Conclusions - The research shows that no matter how great a blockchain-based platform is, if advantages of blockchain are not proved in various industries and utilized in real life like the internet, blockchain-based distribution systems will develop slowly. Rather than a short-term inducement emphasizing technology, there is a need for a strategic approach that can foster the environment.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.551-568
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• 2016

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the difference in the press behavior characteristics of 3D Touch, which is a new touch interaction of smart phones, and the existing 'Tap and Long Press' touch interaction, and to examine behavior changes upon feedbacks. Background: Since 3D Touch is similar to the existing 'Tap and Long Press' touch interactions in terms of press behavior, which is likely to cause interference, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary study on behavior characteristics of touch interactions. Method: In utilization of smart phones with the 3D Touch function to measure press behavior characteristics of touch interaction, an experiment was conducted where 30 subjects were given a task to press 30 buttons of touch interactions on the screen. During the experiment, two press behavior characteristics-maximum touch pressure and press duration-were analyzed. To grasp changes in behaviors upon feedbacks, the task was carried out in a condition where there was no feedback and in a condition where there were feedbacks of specific critical values. Results: While there was no feedback given, subjects tended to press with much strength (318.98gf, 0.60sec) in the case of 3D Touch, and press the Long Press button for a while (157.12gf, 1.10sec) and press the Tap button with little strength only for a short moment (37.92gf, 0.10sec). 3D Touch and Long Press had an area of intersection in time, but when feedbacks of specific critical values were given, there were behavior calibration effects to adjust the press behavior characteristics of 3D Touch and Long Press. Conclusion: Although interferences are expected between 3D Touch and Long Press due to the similarity of press behaviors, feedbacks induce behavior calibration. Hence, once feedbacks were provided with 3D Touch operated in an appropriate condition of critical pressure, interference between two motions can be minimized. Application: The findings of this study are expected to be utilized as a basis for the values of optimal critical pressure, at which users can easily distinguish 3D Touch from Long Press which is the existing touch interaction.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.291-314
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• 2023

The concept of Mydata emerged with the expansion of the data economy. MyData aims to empower individuals by enhancing their right to self-determination over their personal data. The use of MyData is expected to enable the provision of innovative service in various fields. Since 2022, MyData has been introduced and actively used in the financial sector. In the future, not only financial institutions but also Bigtech and Fintech companies are expected to actively join and demonstrate rapid expansion. To ensure steady growth for MyData in the financial sector, it is necessary to assess acceptance behaviors from multiple perspectives. However, the majority of existing research solely focuses on positive acceptance. This study analyzed the impact of users' personal characteristics and innovation characteristics on both innovation resistance and acceptance resistance. The analysis revealed that personal and innovation characteristics contribute to an increase in distrust and innovation resistance in the MyData service. In addition, it has been confirmed that it can lead to actions such as delayed acceptance and refusal to accept. The results of this study offer both theoretical and practical insights into user behavior within the MyData service market.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.145-156
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• 2017

Objective: This study aims to compare the usability of the adaptive touch design method with that of the height adjustable design method that are applied to the Korean QWERTY keyboard and Naratgul keyboard on smartphones, examine the results, and present practical implications. Background: Smartphone manufacturers have failed to satisfy every user with their uniform touch keyboard designs that do not consider the high use rates of keypad use. In reality, touch keyboard designing customized for every individual is impossible, but there need to be researches on was to improve usability by having touch areas changed automatically depending on user behaviors or having users adjust the keyboard height depending on their hand size. Method: As for the design methods, an object group was given smartphones with the adaptive touch design method and the other group those with the height adjustable design method. As they entered the same characters in the smartphones, typing error rates and text input speed were measured and the average values were compared. 35 individuals who would frequently use smartphones in daily life participated in the experiment. The group variable was the type of touch keyboards, and the test variables were typing error rates and text input speed, for which a T-test was implemented. Results: As for the QWERTY keyboard, the significant improvement effect was verified as the typing error rate of the adaptive touch design method was 4.21% but that of the height adjustable design method was 3.28% although there was no significant difference in terms of text input speed. As for the Naratgul keyboard, in contrast, the typing error rate of the adaptive touch design method was 2.5% while that of the height adjustable design method was 1.48%, which indicates a measure of improvement, but the effect was not significant. On the other hand, the text input speed per minute was improved as much as 22.2%, which is significant. Conclusion: First, the Korean touch keyboard usability of the adaptive touch design method and that of the height adjustable design method, when applied to Model A of Company L, showed significant difference from each other. Second, the height adjustable design method was applied to the QWERTY keyboard, the typing error rate was improved significantly. This indicates that as the keyboard height was raised, the number of buttons within the range of fingering decreased, decreasing the touch bias was reduced. Third, the height adjustable design method was applied to the Naratgul keyboard, the text input speed was improved. Application: When the QWERTY keyboard was applied to a smartphone as small as 5.5inch or less, it is highly probably that the height adjustable design method decreases the typing error rate. It may be considered to develop additional UX functions to make the keyboard font larger or give users the option to adjust button intervals in utilization of the SW advantages of the height adjustable design method.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.9 no.spc3
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• pp.209-224
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• 2006

Hierarchy which is often named as the tree-structure is used to reduce complexity and show primitive structures of complicated information. This paper aims at explaining information-visualization methods using hierarchies in multimedia domains and prospecting the possible applications by examining how they affect the user's tasks involved in information-seeking activities. As a result, four types of information visualization methods named Treemap, Hyperbolic, Cone Tree and DOI Tree employed in multimedia domain, are presented and pros and cons of each method are explained in this paper. Another important part is defining the core tasks and other related-tasks in information-seeking activities, such as, overview, zoom, filter, details-on-demand, relate, history, and extract. Followings are major findings. Treemap uses 'overview' as the core task, which makes user to gain a overall meaning of the whole information cluster. Hyperbolic and DOI Tree apply 'Boom' task through the function of focus+context or by the function of meaningful scaling to magnify or downsize each node. Cone Tree, also, makes the information organizer to classify the patterns of information acquired in the process of users' information-seeking activities by using 'extract' task. Through this study, it is finally found out that the information-visualization methods using hierarchies in multimedia domains should incorporate the wide variety of functional needs related to users' information-seeking behaviors beyond the visual representation of information.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.119-130
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of DVR(Driving Video Recorder) operation on decreasing the number of traffic accidents, the cost of traffic accident claim, and the behavioral change in drivers' driving. The data for this research are obtained from taxi drivers in Busan. For this, Structural Equation Model and two-way ANOVA are employed for empirical analysis. Overall results of this study show that the number of traffic accidents of 4 taxi corporations in Busan has decreased by average 32.7 percent after using DVRs. In addition, as to the cost of taxi accident claims, it is expected that the DVR operation has a considerable effect on economic benefits of taxi corporations. Moreover, this study could make clear the difference in behaviors between DVR users and non-users, and discriminate the positive and negative impacts of the DVR operation on the drivers' driving behavior. The study quantitatively examined the indirect impact of 'attitude', 'subject norm' and 'behavioral control' factors on planned 'behavior', and the direct impact of 'behavioral control' factor on the planned 'behavior'. This study suggests that they should add the video recoding function of DVRs when operation recorder(blackbox for the car) is obligatorily set up on cars for business by traffic security law.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.36-47
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to classify and assess the characteristics of urban Korean parks by on-site park users' reactions, such as satisfaction, preference and cognitive image of the park and park facilities. The park facilities are classified into five types of satisfaction: management status, activity facilities, convenient facilities, circulation and density, and landscape facilities. The park users are satisfied with conversation, rest and relaxation in the parks, but not satisfied with studying and nature experience. The behaviors in the park are classified as park activities, emotional and experiential activities, and nature activities. The results indicate that the images of the parks are stable, comfortable and natural. There are three factors to classifying the park images: nature-harmony, openness, uniqueness. Preferences for each parks are generally good. According to the criteria such as satisfaction of park facility, behavioral satisfaction, images and preference for each park, the 12 parks are divided into 5 different types: multi-purpose park, well-balanced park with natural elements, urban open space, park to be improved, and ecological park. The characteristics of each park was analyzed and categorized. This study dealt with only the parks in Seoul and its environs, and the survey was only done during the summer season. Therefore, further research is necessary to enlarge and generalize the results of this study, considering seasonal and regional variations.