• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.309-316
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• 1990

식품 섭취의 다양성과 영양소 섭취 수준간의 관련성을 알아본 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 식품 섭취의 다양성은 대체적으로 열량이나 단백질이 켰으며 비타민 A와 C는 다양성이 적은 것으로 나타났다 식품 섭취의 다양성과 영양소 섭취 수준과의 관련성을 각 영양소의 섭취 수준에 따라 Quartile로 나누어 분석해 본 결과, 영양소의 섭취 수준이 증가함에 따라 대체적으로 섭취한 식품의 수도 증가하는 경향을 보이나 칼슘, 철분, 비타민 $B_1$, 나이아신, 비타민 C는 예외를 가지는 경우도 관찰되었다. Shannon & Weaver's diversity index는 섭취 수준에 따라 다양성의 증가가 일관된 양상을 보이지 않았다. 따라서 영양소 섭취 수준을 측정하는데 지방과 같은 영양소는 섭취한 식품의 종류수가 유용하며 칼슘과 같은 영양소는 Nutrient-specific diet diversity index를 이용하여 측정해야 하는 것으로 보인다. 또한 영양소 섭취 수준에 따라 열량 섭취(예외 : 비타민 A, C)와 식이 영양 밀도도 높았다. 지방과 같은 영양소는 열량 섭취 증가가 그 영양소 섭취 수준의 증가를 더 중요하게 설명해 주며 비타민 A와 같은 영양소는 식이 영양 밀도가 이러한 영양소의 섭취 수준에 더 중요하게 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과에서 제언하는 바 더 폭 넓은 대상을 중심으로 여러 계절에 걸친 조사의 뒷받침하에 균형식을 이루기 위한 일반적인 식품 섭취의 다양성 정도를 제시할 수 있으리라고 사료된다. 또한 본 연구에서 는 섭취한 식품의 종류수와 Shannon & Weaver's diversity index를 사용하여 식품섭취의 다양성을 분석하였는데 모든 집단 및 모든 영양소에 대해 적용 가능한 신뢰성있는 식품섭취의 다양성을 나타내는 지표에 대한 연구가 계속 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.749-757
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• 2013

본 연구는 N 스크린 서비스의 이용 행태(교차이용, 개인별 단말기 보유량, N 스크린 이용을 위한 지불금액, N 스크린 이용시간), 콘텐츠 특성(채널의 다양성, VOD의 다양성), 기능적 요인(시스템품질, 인터페이스, 결제시스템), 비용에 대한 이용자의 인식이 이용만족도와 지속이용의사에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. N 스크린 유료 경험이 있는 이용자를 대상으로 (N=498), 웹을 통한 설문조사를 한결과, 이용만족도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 기능적 요인 중 인터페이스로 나타났으며, 결제시스템, VOD의 다양성, 채널의 다양성, 비용 순으로 유의한 변인인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 이용자 차원에서 N 스크린 서비스 만족에 영향을 주는 요인들을 밝혀냄으로써, 스마트 미디어 환경에서 OTT 서비스 활성화를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는 데 의의가 있다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the nutrition quotient (NQ) by mother's parenting style which may influence the NQ in preschool children. Methods: Subjects were 310 mothers and their 4-6 year old children. The questionnaire composed of demographic characteristics, mother's parenting style at meal time and eating behavior as measured by NQ questions. The NQ questions consisted of 19 food behavior checklist items and all items were grouped into 5 factors: balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice. Mother's parenting style was classified by using words for nutrition education at meal time. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS program (Ver. 23) and the statistical differences in variables were evaluated by Student's t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, One-way ANOVA. Results: We observed that in children whose mothers use the parenting style at meal time of 'explanation' and 'compliment & cheer up' had high dietary regularity, diversity, practice. The children of mothers who use the parenting style at meal time of 'persuasion' and 'reward' were found to have a lower degree of balance, diversity, and practice. Especially, children of 'reward' style mothers had lower moderation of dietary life. On the other hand, among the parenting style at meal time of 'comparison & demand', 'treating' and 'faire', there was no significant difference in the NQ factor by each group. NQ grade was higher among those who used more explanation (p < 0.001) and persuasion (p < 0.01) and with use of less persuasion (p < 0.01) and reward (p < 0.01). The positive association observed between the frequency of dietary education of mothers and higher NQ grade indicated the degree of dietary practices of those children. On the other hand, the children of mothers who rarely practice the dietary education at home had lower NQ grade (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In order to promote children's proper dietary behaviors, it is important to provide nutrition education to children as well as provide guidance on parenting style at meal time.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 복호 후 재전송 기반의 중계기 시스템에서 협력 다이버시티와 재머를 사용했을 때의 보안 불능 확률을 연구한다. 협력 다이버시티를 얻기 위해서 수신자와 도청자에서 MRC 기법을 사용한다. MRC 기법을 사용하기 위해서 송신자와 수신자, 송신자와 도청자 사이의 직접 링크를 사용한다. 보안용량을 증가시키기 위해서 의도적인 잡음 신호를 발생 시키는 재머를 사용한다. 재머는 의도적인 잡음을 발생시켜 도청자의 채널 품질을 떨어뜨리고 물리 계층 보안이 실현될 수 있도록 돕는다. 보안 성능을 평가하기 위해서 보안 불능 확률이 사용된다. 시스템은 레일리 페이딩 채널 하에 있다고 가정한다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.68-68
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• 2017

The status of corn genetic diversity in the uplands of Sarangani in Southern Philippines was investigated using 12 morphological traits subjected to multivariate statistical analyses. Information about traditional farming, post-harvest and storage practices were also elicited especially in relation to losses of traditional varieties, a phenomenon known as genetic erosion. While a handful of farmers still plant traditional corn varieties in the remotest areas, a significant number had already shifted to genetically modified corn. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) reduced the 12 morphological traits into 5 principal components and identified ear length and ear weight to be major contributors to variation. Cluster Analysis, on the other hand, formed two distinct groups but failed to give information about intra-cluster variability among the 32 collected corn accessions. These results warrant that more informative morphological traits and that molecular markers will be used to obtain a better picture of genetic diversity in Sarangani upland corn. Molecular analysis is also needed to establish genetic identities of these cultivars and to detect gene introgression from GM varieties into the gene pool of farmers' corn varieties. These analyses are imperative for the conservation of traditional corn varieties before they disappear in the Sarangani uplands because of shifting priorities of upland farmers.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2015

Purpose - Loyalty programs enable retailers to maintain longer and better customer relationships. In successful services, customers actively use and value these programs. As the proximity to the goal (goal gradient) might signal active participation, this study empirically examines customer's goal gradient behavior in a multi-vendor loyalty program. We also consider the effect of customer's accrual diversity on goal gradients, which is a differentiating feature in a multi-vendor loyalty program, and is further examined. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The data consists of6,646 OK Cashbag members' individual transaction records from 2006 to 2009. The goal gradient hypothesis was tested as an increase in both the speed and the amount of accumulated award points. Result - The findings suggest that the goal gradient is also observed in a multi-vendor loyalty program, occurring more strongly among members with high accrual diversity. Conclusions - The results indicate that customers with high accrual diversity attend strongly to goal gradients in multi-vendor loyalty programs; hence, it is important for such program managers to better inform members about affiliated partners.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2009

Nucleotide sequences of about 500 bp from the 5' end of mitochondrial (mt) DNA Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) were analyzed to estimate the genetic variation between wild and cultured populations of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi from two sites along the coast of Korea. A total of 25 haplotypes were defined by 21 variable nucleotide sites in the examined COI region. Genetic diversity (haplotype diversity and nucleotide divergence) of wild populations was higher than that of the cultured population. These data suggest that reduced genetic variation in the cultured population may have results from bottleneck effect caused by the use of a limited number of parental stock and pooling of gametes for fertilization. Pairwise population $F_{ST}$ estimates inferred that wild and cultured populations were genetically distinct. The combined results suggest that sequence polymorphism in the COI region would be preferable for estimating the genetic diversity of ascidian populations.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.145-146
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• 2006

In this paper, when concurrent transmission and diversity reception at each relay are assumed to increase bandwidth efficiency in linear multihop system, we analyze interference due to concurrent transmission and verify it. In the interference-free environment, more diversity sources at each relay result in better performance [1][2]. However, interference degrades BER performance because accumulated and propagated interference power surpasses original data power. Therefore, if we use the result of this paper, we can make bandwidth efficiency increase as well as BER performance good in linear multihop system by considering concurrent transmission with reuse factor and developing the algorithm which determines the number of diversity source.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.263-278
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• 2015

This study is intended to evaluate the value of functional aspect from the viewpoint of habitat. The indicators that are used in biotope evaluations are various, but most of them use the criteria to evaluate the naturality. This evaluation method cannot appropriately reflect the functional characteristics coming from relation to the surrounding biotope. In this study, the connectivity, cohesion and diversity between individual biotope are quantitatively measured by a landscape index. It is hard to draw the functional value of individual biotopes because the landscape index related to connectivity, cohesion and diversity comes from a landscape having a number of biotopes. The concept of contribution was used to overcome this limitation. The concept of contribution is to quantify how much each individual biotope contributes to the connectivity, cohesion, and diversity in a certain range of landscape by deriving the amount of change in the landscape index according to the presence or absence of each individual biotope. In order to understand the characteristics of evaluation results in functional aspect, this research has done a comparative analysis of the previous research findings in the same target area. According to the result of the research, individual biotopes such as artificial forests, fragmented natural forests, and small planting sites were highly rated.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권3A호
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• pp.240-247
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• 2004

OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 방식은 무선채널에서 고속으로 데이터 전송을 하고자 할 경우 다중경로에 의해 발생하는 심각한 주파수 선택적 페이딩 채널에 쉽게 대처할 수 있는 장점이 있어 다양한 고속 무선 통신시스템의 전송방식으로 채택되었다. 본 논문에서는 최근에 제안된 선형 시ㆍ공간 블록 코드와 OFDM 시스템을 결합한 선형 STBC-OFDM 시스템과 STBC-OFDM 시스템을 MIMO(Multi-Input Multi-Output) 채널 환경에서 성능 분석을 하였고 공간 다중화와 다이버시티 이득에 대한 성능을 연구하였다. 선형 시ㆍ공간 블록 코드는 송신 다이버시티와 총간 다중화를 위해 사용할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 그에 따른 공간 다이버시티와 시간 다이버시티 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 또한 OFDM과 결합함으로써 주파수 다이버시티 효과도 얻을 수 있다. 제안된 방식의 성능이 우수함을 보이기 위하여 모의 실험을 통하여 그 결과를 STBC-OFDM과 비교 분석한다.