• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.630-637
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• 2019

The present study aimed to investigate the potential of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) in improving the properties of bio-concrete. E. faecalis and B. cereus strains were obtained from fresh urine and an acid mire water at cell concentration of 1.16×10¹² and 1.3×10¹² cells mL^-1, respectively. The bacterial strains were inoculated in a liquid medium into the concrete with 1, 3 and 5% as replacement of water cement ratio (w/c). The ability of E. faecalis and B. cereus cells to accumulate the calcite and the decrement of pores size within bio-concrete was confirmed by SEM and EDX analysis. The results revealed that E. faecalis exhibited high efficiency for increasing of compressive and splitting tensile strength than B. cereus (23 vs. 14.2%, and 13 vs. 8.5%, respectively). These findings indicated that E. faecalis is more applicable in the bio-concrete due to its ability to enhance strength development and reduce water penetration.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2001

Purpose: In general, Acute Pyelonephritis is effectively treated with the use of antibiotics. However, some antibiotics are reported to cause side effects, and the abuse of antibiotics results in the increase of the disease's tolerance to antibiotics. Recently, I have effectively treated five cases of Acute Pyelonephritis by using only Constitution - Acupuncture and Herb, and therefore I would like to report about these cases. Methods: I diagnosed Acute Pyelonephritis of these five patients by confirming symptoms and employing a urine analysis with reagent strip(Multi $stix{\circledR}$). I used Kuon's method of constitutional diagnosis for the purpose of the diagnosis of the constitutional 8 morbidities. I relied on Sungjeong(性情) and Chehyungkisang(體刑氣像) in diagnosing Sasang Constitutions(四象人). I performed acupuncture on the left and right sides, depending on 8 constitutions, by employing Chang - temperament Inflammation Formula(臟系炎症方) that is used for the treatment of all kinds of chang-temperament inflammation diseases, as well as Bactericidal Formula(殺菌方) that is used for the treatment of all kinds of bacterially caused diseases. I prescribed by consulting the appearance of disease and general symptoms of each case with Dongyi Soose Bowon(東醫壽世保元)'s prescription symptoms. Result: Two of them showing severe symptoms were hospitalized, while three others took OPD treatment. The patient who was PANCREOTONIA and Soyangin improved through hospitalization for three days, another patient who was PULMOTONIA and Taeyangin with severe symptoms, improved through hospitalization for seven days, and completely recovered through OPD treatment later. The three others took only OPD treatment, and improved within 5-7 days. Conclusion: I confirmed that each of 8-constituions and Sasang Constitutions were all treated effectively without antibiotics.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2005

Purpose : To assess the clinical efficacy of DJH on the dryness of vagina and difficulty in sexual intercourse in climacteric women. Methods : 7 climacteric women who are suffering from the dryness of vagina and sexual problems received DJH: 2 pills(4g) a time, three times a day for a total 8 weeks as maintenance therapy. We evaluated ultrasonography, BMD, blood test, urine analysis, female hormone test and questionnaire, Kupperman's index plus two questions about urogenital and sexual problems in before as well as after 8 weeks of treatment. Results : The results are as follows; 1. DJH reduced climacteric symptoms.(Kupperman's index from 61.4 to 30.2 points) 2. DJH was very effective to dryness of vagina and difficulty in sexual life caused by deficiency of estrogen. 3. The affirmative efficacy of DJH improved sexual satisfaction in consequence. Conclusion : The DJH showed positive effects on improving, not only the climacteric symptoms, but also the sexual satisfaction. It shows that DJH may represent a satisfactory therapeutic choice for those climacteric women with the urogenital tract disturbances and sexual problems.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.569-579
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• 1994

The genetically determined ability to metabolize debrisoquine (DBR) is related to risk of lung cancer and DBR hydroxylation exhibits wide inter-individual variation. In this study, 100 korean adults were tested for their ability to metabolize DBR. The DBR metabolic phenotype were determined by metabolic ratio (MR, DBR / 4-HDBR) which is the percent dose excreted as unchanged DBR divided by the percent dose excreted as 4-hydroxyebrisoquine(4-HDBR) in a aliquot of an eight hour urine sample, after 10mg DBR test dose administration. Analysis was performed on a capillary gas chromatograph fitted with electron capture detector. The results were as follows; 1 Geometric mean of DBR MR was 0.32 in male,0.27 in female,0.30 in total and the distribution of log (MR) was seemed to follow normal distribution. 2. Metabolic ratio of DBR was higher in non-smoker and non-drinker than in smoker and drinker without any statistically significant difference. 3. None of personal factors was significantly related to DBR MR except age. 4. The DBR metabolic phenotype was extensive metabolizer(EM) 93, intermediate metabolizer(IM) 7 by traditional method and EM 98, IM 3 by Caporaso's method. The poor metabolizer (PM) phenotype was not found by either method. 5. Maximal expected PM phenotype was 0.36% by traditional method and 0.04% by Caporaso's method.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2004

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing was applied to the epidemiological investigation of 21 Candida tropicalis isolates collected from urine specimens of 11 patients and one healthcare worker, in an intensive care unit (ICU) over a 4-month period. Seventeen epidemiologically unrelated strains from 14 patients were also tested to determine the discriminatory power of PFGE. PFGE typing consisted of electrophoretic karyotyping (EK) and restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic DNA (REAG), using two restriction enzymes (BssHII and SfiI). The EK pattern was the same in all 38 isolates, while REAG using SfiI separated the isolates into nine types. However, 16 different PFGE types were iden-tified by REAG with BssHII, and the same results were obtained when the results of both REAG tests were combined. In serial urinary isolates from 10 patients, all strains from each patient had the same PFGE pattern. While the epidemiologically unrelated strains from 14 patients consisted of 13 different PFGE types, the 20 isolates from the 11 ICU patients fell into only two PFGE types (types Cl and C2), and these apparently originated from the two different outbreaks. All strains of type Cl (n = 12) were isolated from six patients, between November 1999 and January 2000, and all of the type C2 strains (n=8) were isolated from five patients, during January and February 2000. This study shows two con-secutive clusters of C. tropicalis candiduria in an ICU, defined by PFGE typing, and also demonstrates that a PFGE typing method using BssHII is perhaps the most useful method for investigating C. tropi-calis candiduria.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.722-731
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors associated with health and diet by nutritional status. The subjects were the children aged 2 to 6. Physicians and nurses measured children's anthropometries and examined their blood and urine. Interviewers questioned children's food habits to their mothers. 24 hour recall was done for children with their mother. The nutritional status was classified to 'underweight', 'normal weight' and 'overweight' by weight for height(median±1 S.D.) of the reference population. The number of subjects in each group(under, normal, over) was 25, 130 and 49. Factors including anthropometry and hemoglobin concentration were not significantly dif ferent by the nutritional status. The birth weight of children was correlated positively to mothers' BMI. Z scores of weight for height were related to the birth weight positively by the analysis of variance. The children of the underweight group used nutritional supplements more frequently than those of normal and overweight group. The nutrient intakes of normal weight group were higher than those of low and overweight group. Particularly, the intakes of energy, carbohydrate and calcium were significantly high among the groups. In terms of number of foods, food groups and dishes consumed per day, the children of the normal weight group ate more diversely than other groups but the differences were not significant. In conclusion, the children of normal weight group had similar characteristics with other groups but had more desirable dietary intakes than other groups in this study. Because the diet of children may be different by the nutritional status, nutrition education for children should be conducted according to the characteristics of each group's diet.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2016

$Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ is a kind of herbal medicine and has been used for the treatment of atopy and allergic disease in humans over forty years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hematological, biochemical, and protein and lipid electrophoresis profiles after the oral administration of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ in healthy dogs. Fifteen clinically healthy beagle dogs were selected and orally administered either 33 ml of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ (group I, n = 5), 16.5 ml of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ (group II, n = 5), or 33 ml of distilled water (group III, n = 5) 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The results of the hematological, serum biochemical, and urine analysis did not differ significantly among the 3 groups. The oral administration of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ for 4 weeks was associated with significant changes in the serum globulin levels and an elevation in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations in groups I and II (p < 0.05), compared to group III. The ${\alpha}1-globulin$ and ${\gamma}-globulin$ levels were significantly increased in group I, and the ${\alpha}1-globulin$ and ${\beta}-globulin$ levels were significantly increased in group II. The ${\alpha}2-globulin$ levels were significantly decreased in both groups. During the short-term evaluation of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ administration, we did not detect any specific adverse effects in the dogs. However, further evaluation of the safety and efficacy of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ for the treatment of atopic disease in dogs is needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2006

Objectives : The objective of this study is to assess the factors influencing biological monitoring of textile coating factory workers exposed to N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF). Methods : We studied 35 workers who were occupationally exposed to DMF from 9 textile coating factories. The study was carried out in two phases; summer and winter. While air concentration of DMF, temperature and humidity were assessed in order to monitor the atmospheric conditions, biological monitoring was done to determine the internal dose by analyzing the N-methylformamide(NMF) collected from urine at the beginning and end of the shift. Questionnaires and medical surveillance were also obtained during the two phases. Results : Median air concentrations of DMF in winter and summer were 1.85 ppm and 2.78 ppm respectively. Also the difference between the urinary NMF concentration at the beginning and end of the shift $({\Delta}NMF)$ was always significant in each season (P < 0.001). The correlations between log DMF in air, log end-of-shift urinary NMF (r=0.555, P < 0.001) and log ${\Delta}NMF$ (r = 0.444, P < 0.001) was statistically significant in summer. The temperature, humidity, a shift system and different styles of clothing worn were significantly different during the two phases. In a multivariate analysis, temperature and the concentration of DMF in the air were the main factors influencing biological monitoring of textile coating factory workers. Conclusions : Concerning more comprehensive prevention measures to reduce exposure for those workers occupationally exposed to DMF, dermal exposure conditions such as temperature and humidity together with the air concentration of DMF should be assessed and biological monitoring is necessary to reduce adverse health effects, especially during the summer.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2016

Purpose: We investigated whether serum levels of insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) are valuable in predicting clinical outcomes or are correlated with other laboratory findings in children with Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura (HSP). Methods: We examined 27 children who were consecutively admitted to our hospital with HSP between January 2011 and February 2012. Blood tests (C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, albumin, immunoglobulin A, complement C3, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, IGF-1, IGFBP-3) and urine tests were performed upon admission. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were resampled in the recovery phase. Controls included 473 children whose IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were sampled for evaluating their growth, at the outpatient department of pediatric endocrinology in our hospital. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were compared between the HSP children and controls, and between the acute and recovery phases in HSP children. The ability of these values to predict clinical outcomes including renal involvement was analyzed using bivariate logistic regression analysis (BLRA). Results: IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were not different between the HSP children and controls ($148.7{\pm}117.6$ vs. $69.2{\pm}96.9$, P=0.290: $3465.9{\pm}1290.9$ vs. $3597.2{\pm}1,127.6$, P=0.560, respectively). There was no significant difference in IGF-1 or IGFBP-3 between acute and recovery phases. Based on the BLRA, no variable, including IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, could predict clinical outcomes including the presence of nephritis Conclusion: We concluded that IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 do not predict clinical outcomes of HSP, including renal involvement, in this study.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.248-255
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• 1992

This study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary protein content on recovery of laparotomized rats in terms of urinary epinephrine and norepinephrine plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine, . Fortyeigh male Sprague Dawley rats average-weighing 160g were divided into two diet groups ; LPD(10% low protein diet) group HPD(25% high protein diet) group After 3 days of adaptation period rats were given experimental diet for 14 days. Experimental period consists of 7-days pre-trauma and 7-days post-trauma period. Rats were laparotomized by 4cm abdominal incision under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia. During 7-days before and after the surgery urine and plasma were collected for the analysis of epinephrine and norepine-phrine. The results are as follows: 1) After laparotomy urinary epinephrine level was not increased in two diet groups. Urinary epinephrine concentration of rats in LPD group was considerably increased in post-trauma day 3 and thereafter gradually reduced. By post-trauma day 4 however urinary epinephrine concentration of rats in HPD groups was recovered to pre-trauma level 2) Urinary norepinephrine concentration of rats in LPD group was significantly increased after trauma(p<0.01) and the difference between LPD and HPD in post-trauma average norepinephrine concentration was not significant. 3) Post-traum average plasma epinephrine concentration was higher but not significant than that of pre-truma average in both groups [LPD(19.88ng/ml vs 20.93ng/ml) HPD(17.20ng/ml vs 19.37ng/ml)] 4) Plasma norepinephrine concentration of rats in LPD group was significantly increased in post-trauma period(p<0.01) In HPD group however post-trauma average plasma norepi-nephrine concentration was significantly lower than pre-trauma average. Thus the results suggest that norepinehrine concentration was affected by trauma and rats in HPD group excreted less amount of norepinephrine than rats in LPD group.