• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.153-161
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• 2010

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Paljung-san on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: We researched four men with BPH and LUTS, who were treated 3 times a day for 10 days with Paljung-san. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and post void residual urine (PVR) were evaluated. Results: The mean decrease in IPSS total score was 13 points (P=0.007, Mann-Whitney test). The reduction of IPSS was more prominent in the obstructive subscore but was not significant (P=0.057, Mann-Whitney test). Furthermore, Paljung-san reduced PVR. Conclusions: After the 10-day treatment period, Paljung-san improved total IPSS score, especially in the obstructive subscale score, and reduced post void residual urine.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.116-123
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• 2009

Purpose: The study was done to identify lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and to evaluate the factors affecting LUTS for the people with Parkinson's disease. Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study with interviews using a structured questionnaire. The participants were 72 patients with Parkinson's disease who were seen in the Neurology clinic of a university hospital from September to November 2005. Results: Mean score of LUTS for the participants was 10.11. In each symptom score of LUTS (range 0-5), weak stream was the highest 2.06, followed by nocturia 1.71, and urgency 1.61. The severity of LUTS was moderate to severe group for 51%. LUTS were significantly different by regular exercise. Positive correlations were observed between Hoehn and Yahr stage (stage of disease severity) and frequencyand between Hoehn and Yahr stage and urgency (r=.280, p=.018; r=.328, p=.005). LUTS were significantly predicted by regular exercise (p=.001) which explained 15.0% of the variance in LUTS. Conclusion: Regular exercise was found to be a very important factor associated with LUTS for patients with Parkinson's disease.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in Korean males. Methods: This study was conducted on males aged ${\geq}50years$ who participated in the 2011 Korean Community Health Survey. LUTS severity was assessed using the Korean version of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire, and was dichotomized as severe (IPSS >19) and non-severe ($IPSS{\leq}19$). BMI was divided into 6 categories: <18.5, 18.5-22.9, 23.0-24.9, 25.0-27.4, 27.5-29.9, and ${\geq}30.0kg/m^2$. To evaluate the relationship between BMI and LUTS, a survey-weighted multivariate Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate prevalence rate ratios (PRRs). Age, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, educational level, household income, and comorbidities were adjusted for in the multivariate model. Results: A U-shaped relationship was detected between BMI and severe LUTS. Compared with a BMI of $23.0-24.9kg/m^2$, the PRR for a BMI < $18.5kg/m^2$ was 1.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35 to 2.02), that for a BMI of $18.5-22.9kg/m^2$ was 1.25 (95% CI, 1.09 to 1.44), that for a BMI of $25.0-27.4kg/m^2$ was 1.20 (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.45), that for a BMI of $27.5-29.9kg/m^2$ was 1.11 (95% CI, 0.83 to 1.47), and that for a BMI ${\geq}30.0kg/m^2$ was 1.85 (95% CI, 1.18 to 2.88). Conclusions: This study showed that both high and low BMI were associated with severe LUTS.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.302-309
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• 2010

The present study proposed a method of measuring uroflow and urophonography at the same time for more accurate diagnosis in case uroflow looks normal due to compensatory function hypertrophy in the expression of early obstruction. In case of early obstruction, there happens turbulent uroflow by the obstruction even if the uroflow looks normal and thus obstruction can be detected by measuring and analyzing signal caused by turbulent flow. We implemented a system that can measure both uroflow and urophonography, and evaluated its performance. In the experiment, we observed changes in uroflow and urophonography according to artificial pressure and the degree of obstruction, and confirmed that it is possible to determine the effect of compensatory function hypertrophy by analyzing urophonographyic parameter under the same uroflow. The results of our experiment show that the effect of compensatory function hypertrophy in the early-stage obstruction of lower urinary tract, which is not detectible with uroflowmetry alone, can be assessed through urophonographic analysis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2017

Purpose: Febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest bacterial infections in children. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of the first episode of febrile UTI occurring in children over 5 years compared to those in infants younger than a year. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 10 patients over 5 years, having febrile UTI, and 25 controls under 1 year. Clinical characteristics including symptoms at admission, the time interval between symptom onset and hospital visit and/or diagnosis, duration of fever, urinalysis, and other laboratory and imaging test results were compared between the two groups. Results: Most patients in the control group showed only high fever at the time of presentation to the hospital. However, 60% of the case group had fever along with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as abdominal and flank pain, vomiting, as well as relatively mild pyuria. The case group showed a longer duration between symptom onset and hospital visit and/or diagnosis. Conclusions: Delay in diagnosis and initiation of treatment of UTI increases the risk of permanent renal scarring and associated complications. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of febrile UTI is vital for very young infants, as well as children considering that febrile UTI could be an important cause of febrile illness in children over 5 years.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.280-287
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• 2007

Purpose : Urinary lithiasis is uncommon in children, however, it may lead to chronic renal insufficiency and even end stage renal disease. The etiology of stone formation in children is largely unknown; although the most common causes are known to be associated with congenital anomalies of the genito-urinary(G-U) tract, urinary tract infections(UTI), and metabolic diseases. Methods : A total of 73 children(male:female=42:31, mean age $6.6{\pm}5.3$ years) presented with urinary lithiasis between Sep. 1998 and Jul. 2007 at Seoul National University Children's Hospital. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Results : The most common presenting symptoms were gross hematuria(28/73, 38%) and flank or abdominal pain(23/73, 32%). The stones were located in the upper urinary tract in 48 patients(66%), in the bladder in 18(24%), and in both the bladder and upper urinary tract in 2 (3%). Congenital anomalies of the G-U tract with/without UTI were detected in 30 children (41%), hypercalciuria with/without hypercalcemia in 15(20%), and other metabolic diseases in 8(11%). In 17 patients(23%), no underlying cause of stone formation was detected. The majority of stones were infected stones(24/36, 67%), which were followed by calcium stones(8/36, 22%), uric acid stones(3/36, 8%). and cystine stones(1/36, 3%). Thirty-four patients(46%) underwent surgical procedures and/or extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for stone removal, and 13(18%) passed stones spontaneously with/without medical management. Stones recurred in 6 patients(8%): 4 with neurogenic bladder augmented by ileocystoplasty, 1 with cystinuria, and 1 with unknown etiology. Conclusion : The common causes of urinary lithiasis in children were congenital anomalies of the G-U tract with/without UTI and metabolic disorders including hypercalciuria/hypercalcemia. For the management of stones, minimally invasive procedures should be chosen on the basis of accompanying symptoms and the composition, locations and etiology of stones.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.436-445
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• 2004

In this study, a uroflowmetry system was developed to detect a voiding symptom conveniently at home or hospital. A implemented hardware was composed of mechanism and system circuit part, the software was developed to process uroflow data, graph display, extraction of parameter, and evaluation of congregate rate so as to analysis obtaining uroflow data. The following experiment was performed to evaluate an ability of classification and fitness. The curve pattern of uroflow was classified into each symptom. Various parameters were calculated in the curve pattern of each uroflow as follows. The parameters are MFR, AFR, VOL, VT, and FT. A significant difference among parameters was examined by a statistical analysis for extracted parameters between normal and abnormal experimental group. The uroflow data with the various symptom was divided into normal and abnormal group using fuzzy classifier. The result of the fuzzy classification using MFR and AFR was superior by 91.23 % than grouping evaluation including VOL.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2009

The aim of palliative radiotherapy (RT) is to control cancer-related local symptoms with minimal radiation reaction. About one third of all radiation treatments are given with palliative intent. Indications for RT in symptom palliation are as follows: Pain from bone metastasis, pressure symptom from brain and spinal cord, obstruction of bronchus, esophagus, superior vena cava and malignant cancer bleeding from bronchus, urinary tract, uterine cervix and rectum. In hospice palliative care, RT is very effective for symptom palliation and improvement of quality of life without influence on survival.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.221-229
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• 1998

Purpose : The symptom of urinary tract infection in children is non-specific and systemic compared to that of adults. So the diagnosis of UTI in children can be delayed. If UTI in children is not appropriately managed, it may he resulted in renal failure, hypertension, growth failure in adolescence because there are already documented renal scar or urinary tract abnormality in infection period. Especially upper UTI that involve renal parenchyme may be result in fatal complication. The purpose of this study is analyzing the relationship between acute reactive marker and $^{99m}TC$-DMSA renal scan in upper urinary tract infection. Methods : This study included 56 children admitted at Dankook University Hospital Pediatric Department in Jan. 1995~May. 1998. We analyzed quantatively the results of acute reactive marker(CRP, ESR, WBC), pyuria, fever and compared to those of sonographically find ing and $^{99m}TC$-DMSA renal scan. Comparison between groups were performed by the chi-square (x2) test and a p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results : 1) The number of boys less than 1 year of age was larger than that of girls. But the number of boys more than 1 year of age was reversed. 2) The higher me level of reactive marker (CRP, WBC), the more the probability of upper UTI. 3) The higher fever, the more the probability of upper UTI. 4) The more pyuria, the more probability of upper UTI. 5) The more higher the grade of vesicoureteral reflux, the more probability of upper UTI. 6) $^{99m}TC$-DMSA renal scan is more sensitive and more specific diagnostic tool than renal sonogram. Conclusion : The appearance of an abnormal $^{99m}TC$-DMSA renal scan is correlated with acute reactive marker (CRP, ESR, WBC), fever, pyuria. $^{99m}TC$-DMSA renal scan can be a good valuable predictor tool in upper UTI. So we can start early treatment and decrease the incidence of complication of upper urinary tract by above indicators before knowing the result of urine culture. And we can follow up the patients in more good relationships with their parents by telling them the duration of treatment and follow-up plan.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.125-131
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• 2021

This study reports the effectiveness of Korean medicine therapy by improving symptoms in patients with herniated lumbar disc (HLD) diagnosed with chronic overflow urinary incontinence (OUI). The patient was treated with two types of herbal medicine and electroacupuncture for 10 days. We used diary of voiding and incontinence, Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaire (BFLUTS) and numeral rating scale (NRS) to assess the symptoms. After treatment, the number of nocturia decreased from 5 to 2.5. OABSS decreased from 9 to 2 and BFLUTS decreased from 95 to 87. The NRS of back pain decreased from 7 to 3. This study may suggest that Korean medicine therapy can be effective therapy for OUI with HLD.