• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.460-466
• /
• 2004

This study was undertaken with the aim to establish a reliable radioimmunoassay (RIA) system for urinary pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) and to employ it for monitoring the reproductive status of dairy cows. Urine and blood samples were collected from the Holstein cows both pregnant and non-pregnant. The samples were then investigated for evaluating the relationship between progesterone ($P_{4}$) in blood and PdG in urine adjusted with or without urinary creatinine basis. Biweekly urine collection was employed for three cows in estrous and those artificially inseminated, while urine from pregnant cows was collected on a monthly basis. P_{4}$ and PdG levels were measured by enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) and RIA techniques, respectively. Our results indicated the sensitivity of PdG for RIA being 35 pg/tube and the recovery rate of 100%. Urinary creatinine concentrations also fluctuated within a day, but change at midday was not noteworthy. Regardless of the time of urination the change in concentrations of PdG was relatively smaller and did not vary significantly. The urinary PdG concentration showed periodic changes as that with serum P_{4}$ levels during the cow's estrus cycle. The correlation coefficient rose when creatinine level in urine was adjusted but the change was also not significant. The concentrations of PdG during the luteal phase were detected between 8.2 and 17.4 ng/ml, three to five times higher than that in the follicular phase. The concentration of PdG from pregnant cows (21 days after conception) was three to four times higher than in the nonpregnant cows. Our finding suggests that the determination of urinary PdG could be reliably employed for early pregnancy detection. The urinary PdG level continued to raise until 30 days pre-partum while the concentration reached its peak at 30 ng/ml, after which it started to fall 18 to 30 days before parturition and finally fell to its nadir value one week after parturition. As the correlation coefficient between the urinary PdG and serum P_{4}$ was higher than that corrected by urinary creatinine it can be suggested that the adjustment is not needed. The concentrations of urinary PdG could be maintained stably for 2 days in urine samples stored at room temperature and extended to 8 days when the samples were pretreated by boiling for 30 minutes. In conclusion urinary PdG concentration even without the need for creatinine basis adjustment can be used directly for monitoring the reproductive status of dairy cows.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.439-448
• /
• 2003

Purpose: This study was accomplished to apply and to evaluate the 10-week Urinary tract Function Promotion for the Elderly Women (UFPE), and to suggest guideline and to be utilized on the community level. Method: Subjects were 30 persons of 16 healthy elderly and 14 hemiplegic elderly. This UFPE was composed of diagnosis of incontinence & evaluation of physical condition, understanding of urogenital system & urinary incontinence management. UFPE was evaluated by subjective urinary condition, intra-vaginal contraction power, continence self-efficacy (CSE), incontinence stress, geriatric depression. The collected data was analyzed using Wilcoxon Matched Signed-Ranks test by SPSS/WIN program. Result: 5 subjects (31.2%) in healthy group and 2 subjects(14.3%) in hemiplegic group have a daytime frequency, 14 subjects(87.5%) in healthy- group and 14 subjects(100%) have a nocturia. After program, subjective urinary condition was increased just only healthy elderly (Z=-2.545, p<0.05), while intra-vaginal contraction power and CSE were increased significantly only in the hemiplegic elderly (Z=-2.57, P<0.05: Z=-2.29, p<0.05). There were barriers not to comply program guidance such as inadequate perception of pelvic floor muscle, forget to do exercise, fatigue. Conclusion: UFPE was effective in increasing subjective urinary condition for healthy elderly and in increasing intra-vaginal contraction power and continence self-efficacy for the hemiplegic elderly women. I suggest that this UFPE be utilized at the health center and elderly center, and public health nurse counsel and guide the elderly's work through phone service.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in urinary frequency, residual urine volume, and quality of life following pelvic floor exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercise patterns and EMG biofeedback training in patients with stress urinary incontinence. Methods: The subjects were male patients diagnosed with stress urinary incontinence. This study used a single system design (A-B-C.) At baseline, the patients' symptoms prior to the treatment intervention were recorded (A section). Next, the patients performed the PNF exercise (B section). Thereafter, they performed the PNF exercise, with EMG biofeedback (C section). The subjects performed the exercises in each section for 1 week for a total of 3 weeks. Urinary frequency, residual urine volume, and quality of life of the subjects were measured. Results: The frequency of urination was 9 times in A, 8 times in A 'and B, and 7 times in C. The amount of residual urine decreased from 23.78ml in A to 21.85ml in A ', 14.85ml in B, and 14.63ml in C. The international prostate symptom score was 16 points in A, 14 points in A ', 11 points in B, and 7 points at A. The quality of life score was 4 points in A, 4 points in A ', 3 points in B, and 2 points in A. Conclusion: Both the PNF exercise and EMG biofeedback decreased urination frequency and residual urine volume and improved the quality of life of patients with stress urinary incontinence. EMG biofeedback training using the PNF technique was the most effective.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제61권9호
• /
• pp.1350-1357
• /
• 2012

Medical system for personal health management recently changes its paradigm from hospital service to self home care based on ubiquitous technology for healthcare anywhere at any time. The present study developed a wireless bio-signal measurement system for patients to self manage pulmonary disease and benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH), both of which are chronic diseases with increasing frequency in modern society. Velocity-type respiratory air flow transducer adapted to develop respiratory module for pulmonary disease management was simplified in structure to measure uni-directional flow since most important diagnostic parameters are evaluated on the expiratory flow signal only. Standard weight measurement technique was introduced to obtain urinary flow signal for BPH management. Three load cell signals were acquired for averaging to minimize noise, followed by accuracy evaluation. Transmission and receiver modules were also developed with user program for wireless communication. Averaged relative errors were 2.05 and 1.02% for respiratory volume and maximal flow rate, respectively, and the relative error was 2.17% for urinary volume, demonstrating that both modules enabled very accurate measurements. Wireless communication distance was verified within 15m, long enough for home care application. The present system allows the user to select a necessary measurement module on a particular health demand and to immediately provide the self-test results, thus better quality health care would be possible.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권10호
• /
• pp.291-298
• /
• 2016

연구의 목적은 컬러 도플러 초음파를 이용하여 twinkling artifact(AT)의 발생 강도를 비교함으로서 요로결석 진단에 twinkling artifact의 유용성을 알아보고자 In vitro와 In vivo로 진행되었다. In vitro 실험은 수조에 도토리묵을 넣고 도토리묵의 표면에 물질을 올려놓고 컬러 도플러 초음파를 시행하여 twinkling artifact의 발생 정도를 실험하였다. In vivo 실험은 요로결석 환자 31명(신장결석 ; 16명, 요관결석: 15명)을 대상으로 하였다. In vitro 및 In vivo 검사에서 twinkling artifact 발생 강도는 0에서 3등급으로 분류하였다. In vitro 검사에서 표면이 거친 소금, 나사, 큐빅 물질에서 높은 등급의 twinkling artifact가 발생하였다. 회색도(B-mode) 영상에서 요로결석 검출률은 신장에서 37%, 요관에서 60%로 나타났다. 모든 요로결석 환자에서 twinkling artifact 발생하였다. 컬러 도플러 초음파에서 twinkling artifact 발생 정도는 물질의 표면의 거칠기와 관계가 있었다. 회색도 영상에서 요로결석이 분명하게 검출이 되지 않고 twinkling artifact가 발생한다면 요로결석 확진할 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.152-158
• /
• 2000

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of MR urography (MRU) with that of ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of urinary tract when this failed to opacify during excretory urography (EXU). Materials and Methods: Twelve urinary tracts in 11 patients were studied. In each case, during EXU, the urinary system failed to opacify within one hour of the injection of contrast media, and US revealed dilatation of the pelvocalyceal system. Patients underwent MRU, using a HASTE sequence with the breath-hold technique; multi-slice acquisition was then performed, and the images were reconstructed using maximal intensity projection. Each set of images was evaluated by three radiologists to determine the presence, level, and cause of urinary tract obstruction. Results: Obstruction was present in all twelve cases, and in all of these, MRU accurately demonstrated its level. In this respect, however, US was successful in only ten. The cause of obstruction was determined by MRU in eight cases, but by US in only six. In all of these six, MRU also successfully demonstrated the cause. Conclusion: MRU is an effective modality for evaluation of the urinary tract when this fails to opacify during EXU, and appears to be superior to US in demonstrating the level and cause of obstruction.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
• /
• 제9권10호
• /
• pp.407-421
• /
• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 노인요양시설의 요양보호사를 대상으로 요로감염 예방행위와 관련된 지식과 실천 정도를 조사하여 간호사가 요양보호사에게 요로감염 예방행위의 중요성을 인지시키고 지도, 교육하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상은 J도에 소재한 7개의 노인요양시설에서 근무하는 요양보호사 198명이였다. 자료분석을 위해 t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffes test로 분석을 실시하였다. 요로감염 예방행위에 대한 지식의 정답률은 79%였으며, 대상자의 일반적 및 직무관련 특성에 따른 요로감염 예방행위에 대한 실천은 근무하는 간호사의 수, 담당 노인의 수, 근무시간, 교육의 중요성과 필요성을 인지한 군, 교육을 받은 경험에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 요양보호사를 위한 체계적인 교육을 통한 지식함양 요구의 기초교육뿐 아니라 의료인에 의한 관리 감독 하에 지속적인 요로감염 예방행위의 실천은 노인요양시설의 기본 감염관리 체계를 완성하고 서비스의 질을 향상 시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• 핵의학기술
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.9-13
• /
• 2016

비뇨기암에서의 $^{18}F-FDG$를 이용한 PET-CT 검사는 해부학적 구조 및 $^{18}F-FDG$의 배출 경로로 인해 암 진단에 한계가 있다. 그러한 한계점을 보완 할 수 있는 검사 중 아세트산을 이용한 검사가 진행되고 있으며 비뇨기암 환자를 대상으로 $^{11}C-Acetate$ PET-CT 검사의 임상 적용에 대하여 소개하고자 한다. 현재 본원에서 비뇨기암을 진단 받은 환자 중에 전립선암 환자 10명, 신세포암 환자 10명, 방광암 환자 2명을 총 22명을 임상 연구로 시행하였다. 모든 환자는 $^{18}F-FDG$ PET-CT 검사를 시행하였고, 평균 2주 정도의 기간 후에 $^{11}C-Acetate$ PET-CT 검사를 진행하였다. 검사 장비는 GE사의 D-710 PET-CT 장비를 사용했고, 검사 진행은 $^{11}C-Acetate$ 주사 후 15분 후에 PET-CT 검사를 시작하였고, $^{18}F-FDG$와 $^{11}C-Acetate$영상의 비교 평가는 핵의학과 전문의가 판별했다. 전립선암 환자의 경우 일반적으로 $^{18}F-FDG$의 섭취가 다른 암종에 비해 낮은 특징이 있다. 본원에서 연구된 10명의 환자 중 2명의 환자의 전이된 암이 $^{18}F-FDG$ 보다 $^{11}C-Acetate$의 섭취가 잘 나타났다. 신세포암의 경우 10명의 환자 중 8명의 환자에서 $^{18}F-FDG$ 보다 $^{11}C-Acetate$의 섭취가 확연히 잘 나타났다. 방광암 환자의 경우 방광의 $^{18}F-FDG$ 섭취가 너무 강하고, 이뇨제 사용여부와 환자의 조건이 맞지 않아 임상연구에서 제외하였다. 현재 임상 연구 진행 중인 검사로서 아직은 많은 환자에 대한 검사를 시행하지 못해서 이렇다 할 결과를 말하기에는 시기상조이다. 하지만, 해외에서는 이미 비뇨기암에서의 $^{11}C-Acetate$ PET-CT 검사가 어느 정도 유용하다는 논문이 많이 발표되었고, 본원에서도 현재 연구 진행 중이다. 보다 더 많은 환자에 대한 검사가 이루어진다면, 전립선암 환자에서 Prostatic specific antigen(PSA) 수치와 $^{11}C-Acetate$ PET-CT의 상관관계, 수술 전 환자에서의 조직 검사상의 Gleason sum 수치와의 상관관계, 다른 비뇨기암에서의 $^{18}F-FDG$ PET-CT 검사와 $^{11}C-Acetate$ PET-CT 검사 사이의 특이도, 민감도, 양성예측도, 음성예측도 등의 척도로서의 비교 등의 다양한 주제로서의 논문이 진행 될 수 있을 것이며, 비뇨기암에서의 $^{11}C-Acetate$ PET-CT 검사가 보다 더 활성화 되어 질 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 2015

Urinary mutagenicity is widely recognized as a useful biomarker for the assessment of mutagen exposure level in human. In this study, we optimized the several parameters affecting the activity of Urinary mutagenicity using highly sensitive mutation test(microsuspension assay) instead of the conventional Ames test. First of all, we chose YG1024 as a highly sensitive strain from three str ains of Salmonella typhimurium(TA98, TA100, YG1024) using r epr esentative mutation substances, such as Benzo[a]pyrene, 2-Aminonaphthalene, 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole($MeA{\alpha}C$) and cigarette total particulate matter(TPM). And we established the several kinds of test conditions such as number of bacter ia, concentr ation of metabolic activation system and incubation time for the most sensitive reaction. Also, we optimized efficient pre-treatment method using commercial C18 column. As a r esults, this method was shown a aver age of 94 % recovery value and 13 % relative standard deviation. When we compared the Urinary mutagenicity between several participants, we confirmed that compar ative measurements were possible for different levels of urine mutagenicity. In conclusion, the optimized highly sensitive mutation test to measure the Urinary mutagenicity may be useful in biological monitoring of mutagen exposure level.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.151-166
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted for the evaluation of the effect of Dementia prevention nursing program on Urinary 17-KS, 17-OHCS, and Blood Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, cholesterol. The sample for the present study was composed of 16 demented elderly in D care center for the elderly in K city. The Dementia prevention nursing program consisted of concept memory training, music therapy, and art therapy. The program was performed twice a week and about ninety minutes was consumed for one session. The program had been administered for 8 weeks. We checked Urinary 17-KS, 17-OHCS, and Blood Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, cholesterol before and after the program. Statistical analysis was performed by using descriptive statistics and Wlicoxon signed rank test of SAS system for window 6.12. The result were follows : 1. Urinary 17-KS 17-KS score increased significantly after intervention(p=0.005). 2. Urinary 17-OHCS 17-OHCS score increased significantly after intervention(p=0.001). 3. Blood Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, cholesterol Na(p=0.0002), Cl(p=0.0001), K(p=0.0001), Ca(p=0.0028), decreased significantly after intervention. The results show that Dementia prevention nursing program increases Urinary 17-KS, 17-OHCS, and decreases Blood Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, cholesterol. In conclusion, the Dementia prevention nursing program can be used for the effective measure to decrease stress of the Demented elderly.