• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.342-352
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• 2022

Purine catabolite screening enables reliable diagnosis of certain diseases. In this regard, the development of a facile detection strategy with high sensitivity and selectivity is demanded for point-of-care applications. In this work, the simultaneous detection of uric acid (UA), xanthine (XA), and hypoxanthine (HX) was carried out as model purine catabolites by surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). The detection assay was conducted by employing high-aspect ratio Au nanopillar substrates coupled with in-situ Au electrodeposition on the substrates. The additional modification of the Au nanopillar substrates via electrodeposition was found to be an effective method to encapsulate molecules in solution into nanogaps of growing Au films that increase metal-molecule contact and improve substrate's sensitivity and selectivity. In complex solutions, the approach facilitated ternary identification of UA, XA, and HX down to concentration limits of 4.33 𝜇M, 0.71 𝜇M, and 0.22 𝜇M, respectively, which are comparable to their existing levels in normal human physiology. These results demonstrate that the proposed platform is reliable for practical point-of-care analysis of biofluids where solution matrix effects greatly reduce selectivity and sensitivity for rapid on-site disease diagnosis.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.372-376
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• 2012

급성신손상은 높은 이환율과 치사율을 나타내는 심각한 질환이며, 허혈-재관류에 의한 신손상은 급성신손상의 중요한 원인이 된다. 본 연구는 미니돼지에서 급성신손상을 진단하는데 임상적으로 유용한 바이오마커를 찾아내기 위해 실시되었다. 세 마리의 미니돼지에서 60분간 신동맥을 결찰하여 양측성 신허혈을 유도하였다. 각 미니돼지에서 결찰 전, 결찰 후 0, 1, 3, 5일에 혈액 및 뇨 검체를 채취하였다. 혈청 및 뇨 검체에서 BUN, creatinine, 나트륨 및 요산을 측정한 후 나트륨 및 요산의 분획배설율($FE_{Na}$, $FE_{UA}$)을 산출하였다. 또한 IL-6, IL-18, L-FABA 및 GST를 Western immunoblotting을 실시하여 측정하였다. 결과에서 세 마리 미니돼지 모두 혈청 BUN과 creatinine 농도는 결찰 후 1일째에 유의적으로 증가하였다. 그러나 $FE_{Na}$와 $FE_{UA}$는 현저한 개체차를 보였다. 수술 전과 후를 비교했을 때 허혈 이후의 뇨 검체에서는 IL-6, IL-18, L-FABP 및 GST의 농도가 유의적으로 증가하였다. 결론적으로, $FE_{Na}$와 $FE_{UA}$에 대해서는 추가적인 연구가 필요하다고 생각되며, 혈청 BUN, creatinine과 뇨 IL-6, IL-18, L-FABP 및 GST는 돼지의 허혈-재관류 모델에서 다른 바이오마커와 함께 급성신손상을 진단하는 민감한 바이오마커가 될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.1919-1924
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• 2012

Poly(anthranilic acid) was synthesized by rapid mixing method using 5-sulphosalicylic acid as a dopant. The synthesized polymer was characterized by various techniques like FT-IR, UV-Visible, and X-ray diffraction $etc.$, The FT-IR studies reveal that the 5-sulphosalicylic acid is well doped within the polymer. The morphological property was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopic technique. The electrochemical properties of the polymer were studied by cyclic voltammetric method. The synthesized polymer was used to modify glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and the modified electrode was found to exhibit electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of uric acid (UA).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.1215-1220
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• 2011

An electrochemically-modified electrode [P(EDOP-SWNTs)/GCE] was prepared by electropolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxy pyrrole (EDOP) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and characterized by SEM, CV, and DPV. This modified electrode was employed as an electrochemical biosensor for the selective determination of serotonin concentrations at pH 7.4 and exhibited a typical enhanced effect on the current response of serotonin with a lower oxidation overpotential. The linear response was in the range of $1.0{\times}10^{-7}$ to $1.0{\times}10^{-5}$ M, with a correlation coefficient of 0.998 on the anodic current. The lower detection limit was calculated as 5.0 nM. Due to the relatively low currents and difference of potentials in the electrochemical responses of uric acid (UA), ascorbic acid (AA), and dopamine (DA), the modified electrode was a useful and effective sensing device for the selective and sensitive serotonin determination in the presence of UA, AA, and DA.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2021

Idiopathic renal hypouricemia (iRHUC) is a rare hereditary disease caused by a defect in urate handling of renal tubules. Type 1 renal hypouricemia (RHUC1) is diagnosed with confirmation of a mutation in SLC22A12 gene which encodes a renal urate-anion exchanger (URAT1). The majority of iRHUC patients are asymptomatic, especially during childhood, and thus many cases go undiagnosed or they are diagnosed late in older age with complications of hematuria, renal stones, or acute kidney injury (AKI). We report a case of a 7-year-old boy with subtle symptoms such as general weakness and dizziness and revealed hypouricemia and incidental nephrolithiasis. Homozygous mutations were detected in the SLC22A12 (c.774G>A) by molecular analysis. The present case suggests that fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) screening could be better followed by the coincidental discovery of hypouricemia, to prevent conflicting complications of iRHUC, even with normal urine uric acid to creatinine ratio (U_UA/U_Cr), and sequential genetic analysis if needed.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

조릿대 잎은 항염, 해열, 이뇨작용 등의 약리효과를 가지고 있어 예로부터 전통의약에서 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구팀은 열수 추출한 후 남는 잔사로부터 식물화합물을 다량으로 함유한 잔사 추출물(PRE)을 제조하는 방법을 보고 바 있다. 본 연구는PRE의 고요산 혈증 저감소재로서 활용 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 수행하였다. Potassium oxonate(PO)로 유도한 고요산 혈증 생쥐 모델에서 PRE는 혈액 내의 요산, 요소 질소, 크레아틴 농도는 감소시켰고, 오줌 내의 요산과 크레아틴 농도는 증가하였다. 또한, PRE 투여한 고용산 혈증 생쥐에서 간 내 요산 농도와 xanthine oxidase 활성이 대조군에 비해 감소하였고, PRE는 PO에 의해 유도된 간 조직의 상해를 보호하였다. 이 결과는 PO로 유도된 고요산 혈증 생쥐에서 PRE는 항염증 및 세포보호 작용에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 부가적으로 PRE에 의한 신장조직에서 transcriptome의 반응 변화를 RNA 서열분석법으로 분석하였다. PRE는 주로 면역반응, 염증반응 및 대사과정에 관여하는 유전자의 발현에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 염증을 동반하는 고요산 혈증을 개선하는 소재로서의 PRE의 활용 가능성을 제시해 준다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.32-42
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• 2024

본 연구는 용혈의 영향과 허용 hemolysis index (HI)를 조사하기 위해 용혈된 검체와 재채혈된 검체의 결과를 비교하였다. 용혈 전·후, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), amylase (Amy), direct bilirubin (D-bil), total bilirubin (T-bil), creatine phosphokinase (CK), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), iron, potassium (K), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (Phos), total protein (TP), uric acid (UA) 항목에서 유의미한 결과를 보였다. LDH, K, iron, AST, CK, GGT, TP, Amy, Phos는 용혈 정도와 결과 사이에 높은 상관관계가 있었다. Quality control (QC) high standard deviation (SD)을 이용하여 구한 허용 HI, HI^QChigh를 비교했을 때 AST, D-bil, CK, LDH는 비슷했지만 Amy, GGT, K, iron, Phos, TP는 장비의 cut-off HI보다 낮은 HI에서부터 영향 받았으며 ALP, ALT는 높게 나왔다. 그리고 paired t-test를 통해 유의미한 결과가 없었던 albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride 항목에서도 HI>200에서는 유의미한 결과가 나왔기 때문에 재채혈하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각되며 HI<100일 때 영향을 받는 항목들이 있었던 연구 결과를 기반하여 약한 용혈이 나타나는 HI>50부터 용혈 기준을 설정하는 것을 권장한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.421-432
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• 1995

The influence of lead exposure on renal function was studied. Eighty nine lead exposed workers who worked in 2 storage battery factories, and seventy one control workers were chosen for this study. Blood lead(PbB) and zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood(ZPP) were selected as indicators of lead exposure. As indicators of renal function, urinary N-acetyl-$\beta$-D-glucosaminidase(NAG), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(S-Cr), total protein in urine(U-TP),and serum uric acid(S-Ua) were selected. The results obtained were as follows: 1. While the mean values of lead exposure indicators of lead workers were significantly different from non-exposed ones, the mean values of NAG, U-TP, BUN and S-Cr of renal function indicators of exposed were also significantly different from non-exposed but their mean values were all within normal limits. 2. BUN, logarithmic U-TP, logarithmic NAG and S-Cr showed statistically significant correlation with PbB. 3. The proportion of workers whose values of renal function indicators were over the normal limits(NAG7.5 U/g Cr ; U-TP10.9 mg/dl ; BUN20 mg/dl ; S-Crl.2 mg/dl ; S-Ua7.0 mg/dl) by the level of lead absorption in terms of PbB and ZPP were calculated. The proportion of workers with over the normal limits of U-TP among total workers showed the dose-response relationship. When age is adjusted, U-TP showed significantly strong dose-response relationship with the level of PbB and ZPP.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.92-109
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• 2022

Objectives: The objective of this study was to appraise the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) for the treatment of acute gout. Methods: Since no suitable study could be found in the domestic database, we performed a literature search up to the end of December 2020 using four international electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of EA in the treatment of acute gout were included. The risk of bias was evaluated from the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Eight appropriate RCTs were included and analyzed. Three evaluation tools were mainly used: Total Effective Rate (TER), Uric acid (UA), and Pain score (VAS). In the case of TER, in all eight cases, electroacupuncture alone and combined treatment showed a statistically significant level of improvement compared to Western medicine treatment. In the case of VAS score, electroacupuncture alone and combined treatment showed a more significant effect than Western medicine treatment. In the case of UA level, electroacupuncture combined treatment showed a more significant effect than western medicine treatment. Although not all three evaluation tools were used in all studies, the majority of studies showed that electroacupuncture was effective for acute gout patients. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that EA treatment may be effective for acute gout. It should be noted, however, that the studies included in this study were geographically biased, small in number, and mostly at high risk of bias. More well-designed studies are needed in the future.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.1210-1218
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• 2000

Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of temperature and humidity on biochemical indices of Arbor Acres broilers at different weeks of age. The alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), lactic dehydrogenase (LD), creatine kinase (CK), plasma glucose (Glu), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), urea nitrogen (UN), uric acid (UA), plasma thyroxin (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and insulin levels were determined in all the four experiments. In experiment 1, the plasma Glu, LD and CK levels were increased by heat exposure ($35{^{\circ}C}$ and 35, 60, or 85% RH, 2 h) and this effect was aggravated by longer exposure (24 h). No significant changes (p>0.05) were found in Ca concentration, activity of AKP and ACP. In experiment 2, temperature (10, 20, 30, $33{^{\circ}C}$) had significant effect on the levels of K, Cl, UN, UA levels and the activity of LD (p<0.01), but had no significant influence on the activity of CK (p>0.05). The UN, UK and LD levels were elevated by low temperature $(10{^{\circ}C})$ (p<0.01), Cl content was increased by high temperature ($(33{^{\circ}C})$ (p<0.01), and K level was decreased by high ($(33{^{\circ}C})$ or low $(10{^{\circ}C})$ temperature and increased by medium temperature $(30{^{\circ}C})$ (p<0.01). The humidity (35, 85% RH) only had significant effect on Cl concentration which was decreased by high humidity (p<0.01). In experiment 3, the result showed that only the LD and CK activity were significantly increased (p<0.01) by high temperature (7, 24, 28, $32{^{\circ}C}$) or high humidity (35, 85% RH). Temperature and humidity had no significant effect on K, Cl, UA, UN and Glu levels (p>0.05). In experiment 4 (24, 27, 30, $33{^{\circ}C}$; 30, 45, 60, 75, 90% RH), plasma T3 level was declined by high temperature $(33{^{\circ}C})$, and this phenomena disappeared in birds under high temperature and high humidity environment. T4 concentration in plasma was not affected by temperature (p>0.05), but was increased by high or low humidity (p<0.01). Neither temperature nor humidity had significant effect on plasma insulin concentration (p>0.05). The results of the four experiments suggested that broilers at different growth periods might have different thermal requirements and would response differently to heat exposure. The plasma biochemical indices themselves had big variation; the reaction of the indices to thermal exposure treatment differed with the age of broilers. The big variation of biochemical indices themselves might cover the response of indices to temperature and humidity treatments.