• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.461-469
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• 2006

As a frontier of Sustainable Basin Research Initiative, we commenced a scenario-driven planning and evaluation research project which is to identify the strategic policy scenarios. As a part of the project, this study attempts to estimate the ecological impacts of land cover changes using landscape indices at the whole basin level. We analyzed spatio-temporal characteristics of natural area including forest, agricultural land, water area, barren which play an important role in nature-friendly sustainable watershed management. The results of analysis shelved that the size and diversity of natural area have been reduced, while patch number and isolation have been increased in proportion to urbanization in 1974, 1995 and four future scenarios in the Ara River Basin. Also, we estimated that the natural area could be conserved to some degree in the SD or DE scenarios with a concept of environment-friendly development and lifestyle. Various strategic environment policies may be evaluated and designed on the basis of the method, that is, scenario approach and landscape ecological analysis suggested in this study.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2012

Habitat loss and fragmentation are ongoing major anthropogenic impacts on landscapes, which can strongly affect ecosystems, populations and species. The studies on forest fragmentation have been progressed, but the studies on definition of forest fragmentation and their synthetic trend in South Korea still leaves much to be desired. Therefore we set the definition of forest fragmentation and reviewed the related papers. We can give a definition that forest fragmentation is not only a process of spatial landscape transformation, but also a process of ecosystem change by it. The trend of studies on forest fragmentation divided into two fields, landscape and ecosystem changes. Forest fragmentation caused by land change altered the composition and configuration of forest patches. Most studies related on that analyzed the change using landscape index. The effects of forest fragmentation on ecosystem subdivided into three fields : biodiversity, edge effects, and invasive species, but the studies in South Korea is short. The study on relations between forest fragmentation and ecosystem change is necessary to face the Convention on Biological Diversity in South Korea. In addition, the fundamental studies on biodiversity is important to mitigate against forest fragmentation.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2006

The number of species and forest area has decreased as urbanization is progressed. The landscape degradation was examined by analyzing vegetation map, satellite image and characteristics of actual vegetation. The study was conducted in Mt. Baekja and its surroundings located on Gyeongsan city, southeastern Korea. As the result of landscape analysis, agricultural field was a characteristic attribute of the study area. Lowlands of this study area were occupied by agricultural field and various plantations. For 15 years from 1987 to 2002, forest area decreased from 2,072.9 ha to 1,853.2 ha, and shape index and fractal dimension of vegetation patches increased from 1.32 to 1.65 and from 1.05 to 1.09, respectively. Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucco. community showed the highest species diversity, whereas Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carriere community showed the lowest species abundance. As forest management implications, monitoring of endangered plant species (Jeffersonia dubia (Maxim.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Baker & S.Moore), and restoration of lowland forest from plantation to natural forest were discussed. Further, establishment of greenways utilizing existing streams, roadside, and public facilities were recommended.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.195-203
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• 1997

Pusan has experienced some different paths of urbanization and industrialization compared to other cities. and has faced the problem of over-saturation In enoronmental capacity. Pusan needs to fond out sustainable development strategies based on Agenda 21 by UNCED In 1992 to secure urban renewal. Therefore. Pusan's sustainable development strategies focus on the 1)research on envlronmental capacity and reasonable population accommodation 2)supp1y of basic enoronmental facilities for the human settlement 3)protection and efficient management of environmental pollution 4)saving and control of energy and other resources S)independent and stable euecution of plan based on biological relation 6)harmony between nature and urban spatial organization. In addition. these policies can be suggested along with the conclusions; First, ostablishment of green plan-muddle and long term environmental goals Included In the urban planning to reduce enoronmental deterioration and pollution. Second, computation of sustalnability Indeu the Index Is necessary to sustainable urban development, which is related with green GNP of the national level. Third, capacity estimation of nature and social environment-estimation of enoronmental capacity to the civilized area is required become an ecopolis, and is required to focus on the western area of Pusan which has high decree of potentiality.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

자연식생 재현을 파악하기 위하여 리싸이클링에코녹화공법을 이용한 장흥다목적댐 배면부에 모니터링 시험구를 선정하였다. 모니터링 시험구는 2004년 5월에 설치하였고, 2004년 5월부터 2005년 10월까지 4차례 걸쳐 식물상, 식물군집구조, 자연이입종, 고사율을 모니터링 하였다. 우드칩 멀칭 후 출현 종 수 감소와 함께 출현식물의 도시화지수가 감소하여 자연성은 증진되었으며, 덩굴식물의 세력은 확장되었다. 낙엽활엽수군락에서 자연이 입종 수가 가장 많았고, 식재수목의 고사율도 높았다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.130-142
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• 2006

월출산은 남부형 식물의 북한계 선상에 위치하는 국립공원으로 식물지리학적으로 중요하며, 확인된 소산식물은 106과 318속 453종 59변종 4품종으로 총 516종류이다. 산림청이 지정한희귀 및 멸종위기종은 산닥나무, 수정난풀, 께묵, 끈끈이주걱, 통발 및 이삭귀개 등 6종이었다. 식물구계학적 특산식물 종 중 III등급에서 V종은 12종으로 확인되었다. 귀화율은 4.65%, 도시화지수는 9.06%로 확인되어 비교적 낮은 비율로나타났다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.25-47
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• 2008

The Fishing Communities (so-called Uchongae) in Korea was legally established in 1962. It has been gradually expanded by quantity, and we have total 1,969 communities in 2006. The major establishment purpose of Uchongae was put 2 functions. The first function is to make up the double industry structure in coastal region, and second function is to make economical condition for Uchongae. Nevertheless the Fishing Communities System in Korea was not successfully developed after first beginning. The Income gap have become heavily between fishing area and non - fishing area, including agricultural area. The income gap has been due to rapid industrialization and urbanization in Korea. And the income gap even have become heavily among Uchongaes. In this paper, It have been researched the degree of Income inequality among Uchongaes in Korea during 1986-2006. The income inequality degree was analyzed by Gini coefficient and Mean Log Deviation (MLD) using Lorenz Curve. According to analysis result, the Gini coefficient of Uchongaes in Korea has been about 2-times high from 0.0847 to 0.1770 during 20 years. And the MLD has been 5.4 times from 0.0125 to 0.0679 during same periods. This means to more wide the general Income Inequality among the Uchongaes in Korea. Especially, It means to more wide the gap of high ranking Uchongaes and low ranking Uchongaes that MLD index multiplier has been more high.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.173-186
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• 2015

The rapid urbanization in Pakistan is creating a shortage of sustainable construction sites with good soil conditions. Attempts have been made to use rice husk ash (RHA) in concrete industry of Pakistan, however, limited literature is available on its potential to improve local soils. This paper presents an experimental study on engineering properties of low and high plastic cohesive soils blended with 0-20% RHA by dry weight of soil. The decrease in plasticity index and shrinkage ratio indicates a reduction in swell potential of RHA treated cohesive soils which is beneficial for problems related to placing pavements and footings on such soils. It is also observed that the increased formation of pozzolanic products within the pore spaces of soil from physicochemical changes transforms RHA treated soils to a compact mass which decreases both total settlement and rate of settlement. A notable increase in friction angle with increase in RHA up to 16% was also observed in direct shear tests. It is concluded that RHA treatment is a cost-effective and sustainable alternate to deal with problematic local cohesive soils in agro-based developing countries like Pakistan.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.59-81
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• 2011

The flora of the Sinpyeong and Churyeong stream were listed 324 taxa; 87 families, 227 genera, 289 species, 1 subspecies, 31 varieties and 3 forms. The Sinpyeong stream were 249 taxa and Churyeong stream were 221 taxa. Based on the rare plants (IUCN) by the Korea Forest Service and Korea National Arboretum were recorded; Penthorum chinense (Crassulaceae), etc. and endemic plants, 6 taxa; Weigela subsessilis (Caprifoliaceae), Lycoris flavescens (Amarylidaceae), etc. Based on the specific plants by floral region were total 12 taxa (3.7% of all 324 taxa of flora); Monochoria korsakowi (Pontederiaceae), etc. in class III. 10 taxa (Salix glandulosa (Salicaceae), Ulmus parvifolia (Ulmaceae), Impatiens noli-tangere (Balsaminaceae), Grewia biloba var. parviflora (Tiliaceae), Nymphoides peltata (Gentianaceae), Actinostemma lobatum (Cucurbitaceae), Cirsium pendulum (Compositae), Microstegium japonicum (Gramineae), etc.) in class I. Based on the naturalized plants, 51 taxa and ecosystem disturbing wild plants, 6 taxa (Rumex acetosella, Sicyos angulatus, Aster pilosus, Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, Hypochaeris radicata, Paspalum distichum var. distichum) and naturalization rate was 15.7% of all 324 taxa of flora, urbanization index was 18.8% of all 271 taxa of naturalized plants. Based on the hydrophytes, 23 taxa and emergent hydrophytes were 17 taxa, floating-leaved hydrophytes were 3 taxa, submergent hydrophytes were 2 taxa, free-floating hydrophytes was Spirodela polyrhiza.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2012년도 학술발표회
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• pp.981-981
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• 2012

최근 지구환경 변화에 따른 기후변화의 영향으로 자연재해의 형태는 점차 대형화, 다양화되고 있으며 극치사상의 발생 빈도가 계속해서 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 특히 도시하천의 경우 인구와 재산이 밀집해 있어 기후변화에 따른 홍수위험 및 취약성이 클 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 기후 변화에 따른 홍수위험 및 취약성 분석을 위하여 위험도 기반 불확실성을 다루는 수단으로 UQR-MCS (Upper Quartile Range-Monte Carlo Simulation)을 적용하였으며, 다양한 형태의 확률 분포로부터 특정변량(variable)의 확률분포 Quartile을 모의하였다. 또한 기후변화에 따른 도시하천의 홍수위험 및 취약성 평가를 위하여 도시하천에 적합한 홍수위험 및 취약성평가 지수(FVI: flood vulnerability index)를 산정하였으며, 홍수취약성지수는 기후변화(Climate change)와 도시화(Urbanization), 제방월류위험(Overtopping risk) 및 홍수범람 면적(Flood area) 등의 지표를 사용하였다. 각각의 지표는 엔트로피(Entropy) 기법을 적용하여 가중치를 부여하였으며, 표준화과정을 통한 일반화된 지표 값을 산정하였다. 우이천 유역의 기후변화에 따른 홍수위험 및 취약성 지표값은 KMA RCM A1B 시나리오자료를 바탕으로 추정한 미래 확률강수량과 각 인자별 재현기간에 따른 수문변량의 변화를 통하여 산정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 도시하천의 기후변화에 따른 홍수위험도분석 및 취약성 평가, 극치 수문사상에 대한 신뢰성 있는 분석과 더불어 예상치 못할 이상홍수에 대비한 하천방재 연구에 도움이 되리라 사료된다.