• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 2013

China is the world's largest producer of aquatic products and its fishery sector is comprised primarily of aquaculture facilities, both fresh and seawater, and a much smaller wild catch component. The expansion of the aquaculture sector continues to boost China's aquatic output. The increase is attributable to several factors. Among them rapidly growing domestic demand is no doubt one of the most important reasons. Rapid economic growth and rising disposable income are influencing domestic consumption and the economic recovery of major import markets is further stimulating consumption of China's aquatic products. This paper tries to examine the status, trend and reasons of consumption of aquatic products in China. Based on the analysis on the consumption of aquatic products and its change, this paper utilizes panel regression model to estimate the affecting factors of aquatic products consumption in China. By using panel data between 1997 and 2010, the results indicate that income, urbanization, aging and dummy variable have positive effects and fish price index has negative effect on China's aquatic products consumption as predicted. However, effects of meat consumption and education on fishery consumption are totally opposite with our predictions. In other words, it turns out that meat consumption has positive effect on fish consumption while education turns out to have negative effect. Finally the member of household does not show any significant effect on consumption of aquatic products in China.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.79-85
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• 2003

Human beings have pursued development and economic betterment; thus, enhancing convenience and prosperity. A flourish of human civilization upon the industrialization results a massive urbanization. However, human beings have connived the environmental importance in the course of rapid urbanization. The environmental quality now becomes one of the most important factors that determine the quality of life in a city. Many studies were proceeded about the heat island effect in large cities. In general, most studies have been done to investigate urban microclimate phenomena using meteorological network or AWS (automatic weather station) data. Those preceding studies do not seem to sufficiently reflect the and thus, failed to show regional representative. In this study, temporal Landsat TM satellite imageries of May 20, 1987 and May 21, 1999 were 뻐d in order to detect the surface temperature of the study area using the band 6 ($10.4{\mu}m{\sim}12.5{\mu}m$). The surface temperature distribution detected by the band 6 of Landsat TM was over layed with the land cover classification data in order to investigate the temperature difference of the paved road and the riparian areas of the stream. As a result, a surface temperature difference as much as $3^{\circ}C$ between the paved road and the riparian areas with vegetation was observed. This study concludes that the land cover change is one of the main causes of urban heat island effect which may be closely affected by the paved areas and roads. Besides, the change of the atmospheric temperature followed by the urban secular change could have been confirmed. In the case of Yangjaecheon stream which underwent a heavy environmental restoration in 1995, the temperature was decreased as much as $0.6^{\circ}C$ after the restoration. The results of this study is expected to contribute to develop an urban space in harmony with the healthy human life and the environment respecting the crucial role of vegetation to stabilize the urban environmental dynamics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.29-43
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• 2020

Thermal environment of city is getting worse due to severe urban heat island caused by climate change and urbanization. The cooling effect of street tree is regarded as a effective way to ameliorate the urban heat environment. The effect is largely made up of shadow formation and transpiration. This study aims to identify how the transpiration affects the discomfort index by analyzing comprehensive impact of the transpiration on the air temperature and relative humidity. The changes in the amount of transpiration, air temperature, and relative humidity were estimated for Seogyo-dong area which has a lot of floating population in Seoul, at 2 p.m. in dry day in July and August. On average, the transpiration of the street tree decreased the temperature 0.3℃ and increased the relative humidity 2.6% in an hour. As a result of these changes in temperature and humidity, the discomfort index rose mostly(0.036 on average). It was always get rise especially on the day when the discomfort index was above 80(0.05 on average). However, compared with the significant change in temperature and humidity, the variation of the discomfort index itself was very slight(up to 0.107). Therefore, the effect of transpiration by the street trees might not be effective in the planning to improve the thermal environment(especially on the day when the discomfort index is high). It is necessary to select the species of trees and planting location considering the cooling effect of shade formation synthetically.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.27-33
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• 2015

Forest ecosystem is considered as an important stepping stone to minimize the impact of climate change. However, the rapid urbanization has caused fragmentation of forest ecosystem. The fragmentation of forest patch results in edge effect which brings about adverse impacts on forest function and structure. Degradation of forest ecosystem decreases carbon sequestration because edge effect reduces productivity. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of forest edge effect on forest ecosystem carbon stock change in Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do. We used connectivity analysis to determine forest edge and core area. The field study sites were selected with considering forest age, density, class and soil type. Secondly, forest carbon stock was calculated with allometric equation. The soil carbon stock was derived from Walkely-Black method. Lastly, Mann-Whitney test was conducted to validate differences between carbon stock in edge and core area. As a result of study, the connectivity analysis was effective to determine forest edge and core. The core and edge of forest patch showed different composition of tree species and soil properties. Carbon stock per tree in the edge area was lower than that in the core area. However, the difference of soil organic carbon content between the edge and core were relatively small. This assessment can be applied for the conservation of forest patch as well as quantitative assessment on the forest carbon stock change caused by fragmentation.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.100-108
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• 2017

Because of urbanization, Industrialization and expansion of transportation network, blasting works are recently increasing in construction field. The blasting work influences environmental effects to residents and the safety of facilities around the working place, so the development of blasting technology is needed to reduce the damage to residents. The blasting mechanism in the hole was studied and tested in the blasting sites by the difference of diameter between explosives and drilling hole, which is named by the decoupling effect. This effect was tested by changing the medium between explosives and hole wall in three working sites(railway, highway and industrial complex). The vibration velocity of blasting was recorded and vibration equations were produced by regression analyses. Finally, the structure separation distance was derived using these equations. The testing results show that the specific gravity of medium is larger, the separation distance is smaller and the duration time of blasting is shorter in case of large specific gravity of medium, so the vibration effect stops more fastly in the water compared with the air.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.95-110
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper intends to conduct theoretical analysis and empirical test on the action mechanism of South Korea-China trade and South Korea's FDI to China on green total factor productivity, so as to provide a new perspective and ideas for the improvement of China's green total factor productivity and promote the high-quality development of China's economy Design/methodology - This paper uses the data of 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China from 2004 to 2017 as the research sample, adopts the GML index method of SBM Directional Distance Function to measure GTFP, and analyzes the influence of South Korea-China trade and FDI from South Korea on China's GTFP. Findings - Trade is conducive to promoting technological progress, which has a significant promotion effect on China's green total factor productivity. While FDI has a significant inhibitory effect on China's green total factor productivity, which verifies the "pollution haven" hypothesis. In addition, such influence has certain regional overall heterogeneity. Trade has a more significant promoting effect on GTFP in eastern coastal areas, while FDI has a more significant inhibitory effect on GTFP in central and western inland areas. The interaction between trade and FDI is conducive to the improvement of green total factor productivity, indicating that the benign mechanism of trade and FDI has been formed. Urbanization, industrial structure, human resource level and investment in science and technology are all conducive to the improvement of GTFP. Originality/value - Through theoretical analysis and empirical test on the action mechanism of South Korea-China trade and South Korea's FDI on green total factor productivity, this paper provides a solid theoretical foundation for the further development of China-South Korea economic and trade cooperation in the future.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.203-212
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• 2002

This study was conducted to remove the urban heat island effects embedded in the interpolated surfaces of daily minimum temperature in the Korean Peninsula. Fifty six standard weather stations are usually used to generate the gridded temperature surface in South Korea. Since most of the weather stations are located in heavily populated and urbanized areas, the observed minimum temperature data are contaminated with the so-called urban heat island effect. Without an appropriate correction, temperature estimates over rural area or forests might deviate significantly from the actual values. We simulated the spatial pattern of population distribution within any single population reporting district (city or country) by allocating the reported population to the "urban" pixels of a land cover map with a 30 by 30 m spacing. By using this "digital population model" (DPM), we can simulate the horizontal diffusion of urban effect, which is not possible with the spatially discontinuous nature of the population statistics fer each city or county. The temperature estimation error from the existing interpolation scheme, which considers both the distance and the altitude effects, was regressed to the DPMs smoothed at 5 different scales, i.e., the radial extent of 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 5.0 km. Optimum regression models were used in conjunction with the distance-altitude interpolation to predict monthly normals of daily minimum temperature in South Korea far 1971-2000 period. Cross validation showed around 50% reduction in terms of RMSE and MAE over all months compared with those by the conventional method.conventional method.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.33-41
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• 2013

The impervious area on the surface of urban area has been increased as buildings and artificial land cover have continually been increased. Urban development has gradually decreased the green zone in downtown and alienated the city from the natural environment on outskirt area devastating the natural ecosystem. There arise the environmental problems to urban area including urban heat island phenomenon, urban flood, air pollution and urban desertification. As one of urban plans to solve such problems, green roof system is attracting attentions. The purpose of this study was to investigate flood discharge and heat reduction effect according to the green roof system and to quantify effect by analyzing through simulation water and heat cycle before and after green roof system. For the analysis, Distributed hydrologic model, WEP (Water and Energy transfer Processes) and WEP+ model were used. WEP was developed by Dr. Jia, the Public Works Research Institute in Japan (Jia et al., 2005), which can simulate water and heat cycle of an urban area with complex land uses including calculation of spatial and temporal distributions of water and heat cycle components. The WEP+ is a visualization and analysis system for the WEP model developed by Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT).

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.308-315
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• 2018

SWMM-LID was calibrated with flow monitoring data in LHI to evaluate runoff after LID application. The flow rate in the B basin was estimated to be 0.94 and 6.15 for O/S and $D_v$, respectively. In the A and C basins, the difference between the observed and simulated data was greater than in the B basin. As a result of runoff reduction efficiency by the application of LID facilities, the change of infiltration increased from 34.6 % to 45.8 % in the entire watershed, and the runoff decreased from 58.8 % to 46.3 %. In the runoff reduction of each LID facility, rain garden E showed the highest effect with 99.9 % and bioretention B showed the lowest effect with 27.5 %. In order to evaluate the efficiency of each LID facility, a comparison is made between the pore volume (V) of the LID and the catchment area (A). The runoff showed a runoff reduction effect of about 70 % above the 0.1 volume/area (V/A) value. As a result of examining the runoff reduction with LID facilities by the LID module of SWMM, a reasonable design is possible by reflecting the appropriate LID volume to drainage area.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2012

Urbanization has led to a reduction in green spaces and thus transformed the spatial pattern of urban land use. An increase in air temperature directly affects forest vegetation, phenology, and biodiversity in urban areas. In this paper, we analyze the changing land use patterns and urban heat distribution (UHD) in Seoul on the basis of a spatial assessment. It is necessary to monitor and assess the functions of green spaces in order to understand the changes in the green space. In addition, we estimated the influence of green space on urban temperature using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) imagery and climatic data. Results of the assessment showed that UHD differences cause differences in temperature variation and the spatial extent of temperature reducing effects due to urban green space. The ratio of urban heat area to green space cooling area increases rapidly with increasing distance from a green space boundary. This shows that urban green space plays an important role for mitigating urban heating in central areas. This study demonstrated the importance of green space by characterizing the spatiotemporal variations in temperature associated with urban green spaces.