• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.48-59
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 도로투자 사업으로 인한 편익 중 일반적으로 계상하고 있는 통행시간 절감 및 차량운행비용 절감 등 직접적인 편익 이외에 추가적으로 이용자입장에서 체감할 수 있는 도로 주행 중 운전쾌적성 편익을 산정하고자 운전쾌적성의 정의를 마련하였고 운전쾌적성 산정방법론을 개발하였다. 도로특성(도시부/지방부) 및 차량 밀도(차간거리)에 따른 이용자의 지불용의액을 CVM 방법 중 가장 최근에 활발히 활용되고 있는 이중양분선택형(double-bounded dichotomous choice)질문법을 활용하여 설문조사한 후 그 결과를 로짓모형에 적용하여 운전쾌적성 가치를 도출하였다. 도시부 및 지역간 도로에서 공히 지불용의액의 크기는 전반적으로 기존 차간거리가 짧을수록 큰 것으로 분석되었고, 도로의 차간거리 변화가 같더라도 사업 전의 차간거리와 사업 후의 차간거리에 따라 지불용의액이 다른 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 도로의 차간거리가 증가하더라도 기존 차간거리가 어느 정도인지에 따라 지불용의액이 다르게 나타나 지불용의액이 기존 차간거리에 영향을 받는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.128-136
• /
• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 도농복합시의 최적 도로공급 지표를 결정하는데 있어 효율적인 방법론을 제시하고, 평가하는데 있다. 기존문헌 및 연구결과 고찰 결과 도농복합시는 기존의 도시지역과 지방지역이 동시에 존재하고 있기 때문에 그 특성 또한 기존과 상이하므로 기존에 주로 이용되어온 국토계수를 이용한 도로공급지표 등을 적용하는 것은 타당하지 않다고 판단하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제시하는 도농복합시의 도로공급지표의 결정을 위한 방법론은 통과교통량 처리를 위한 광역도로를 공급하고, 여기에 이용자 체감형 도로정비 목표 달성을 위한 도로공급량을 추가로 공급함으로서 도로공급지표를 확정하였다. 마지막으로 계획기간 내 조달가능 한 도로예산과 확정된 도로공급지표를 달성하기 위한 사업비를 비교함으로서, 조달 가능한 예산범위 내에서 도로공급지표를 최종적으로 결정하는 과정을 거치도록 하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.19-33
• /
• 1995

Conventional traffic assignment techniques usually do not consider traveler's route choice behavior affected by hierachicla strucfture in urban highway system. This study realizes the route choice behavior such that travelers tend to choose more higher level of highway rather than lower level of highway for longer trops. Otherwise, for shorter trips, travelers tend to choose lower level of highway unless they can get sufficient travel time saving by using mojor arterial street or freeway (higher level of highway). Therefore, this study suggests a traffic assignment technique incorrporating route choice behavior related to hierachical highway structure by introducing some perception costs to generalized cost function such as perceptional preference measureemnt for higher level higheay and perceptional penalty when changing to different level of highway. Through simulation analysis, it is shown that the simulation results with the new traffic assignment echnique can be different a lot from the results with the convential method.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.297-313
• /
• 2006

The concentration of air pollution along roads is higher than the surrounding area because ventilation efficiency has decreased due to the high-density use of space along roads in recent years. In this study, ventilation efficiency around a heavily traffic road covered by an elevated highway and hemmed in along its side by buildings is evaluated using Visitation Frequency (VF, the frequency for pollutant to return to the objective domain) and Purging Flow Rate (PFR, the air flow rate for defining the local domain-averaged concentration). These are analyzed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on the standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ model. The VF and PFR characteristics of four objective domains are analyzed in terms of the changes in wind direction and arrangements of the fencing dividing up and down direction in the road center under the elevated highway. The resulting VFs are more than 1.0 for all cases, which means that pollutants return to the objective domain restricted by the elevated highway and side buildings. The influence of the arrangement of the buildings around the objective domain and the structure in the domain on the VF is substantial. In cases where there are no obstacles under the elevated highway, the local air exchange rate in the domain tends to be improved. Using these indices, the urban ventilation efficiencies between different urban areas can be compared easily.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 2013

PURPOSES : Benefits for improvement of travel time reliability obtained from construction of new highways should be considered as a major factor in the feasibility study for highway constructions. The purpose of this study is to develop a method of estimation for the value of travel time reliability. METHODS : Highway type (urban/rural highway) and traffic flow type(interrupted/uninterrupted) was considered to estimate he value of travel time reliability. And Double-bounded Dichotomous Choice among Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) was applied to survey the willingness-to-pay of drivers when travel time reliability is improved. Finally the value of travel time reliability was estimated using the results of survey and logit model. The value of travel time reliability was estimated considering travel objectives, time constraint travel and non-time constraint travel. RESULTS: The value of travel time reliability of business trip is higher than that of non-business trip. The value of travel time reliability of time constraint travel is higher than that of non-time constraint travel. The value of travel time reliability in urban area is higher than that in rural area. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the proposed method in this study is more realistic and proper to estimate the value of travel time reliability because it reflects the situations of time constraint travel and non-time constraint travel.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.665-670
• /
• 2010

Pollutants from urban pavement consists various kinds of substances which are originated from dry deposition, a grind out tire, corrosive action of rain to pavement and facilities and raw materials of the road etc.. These are major pollutants of urban NPS (Non-point source) during rainfall period. However there is not enough information to control such pollutants for appropriate management of natural water quality. In this study of transportation areas, three monitoring stations were set up at trunk road, urban highway and national road in Gyeongnam province. Runoff flow rate was measured at every 15minutes by automatic flow meters installed at the end of storm sewer pipe within the road catchment area for water quality analysis. Data was collected every 15 minutes for initial two hours of rainfall. Additional samples were collected 1-4 hours interval till the end of rainfall. The monitoring parameters were $COD_{Mn}$, SS, T-N & T-P and heavy metals. The average EMCs of TSS and $COD_{Mn}$ were 62.0 mg/L and 24.2 mg/L on the city trunk road, which were higher than those of urban highway and national road, indicating higher pollutant loads due to activities in the city downtown area beside the vehicle. On the other hand, the average EMC of T-N and T-P were in the range of 2.67-3.23 mg/L and 0.19-3.21 mg/L for all the sampling sites. Heavy metals from the roads were mainly Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn, showing variable EMCs by the type of road. From the TSS wash-off analysis in terms of FF(first flush) index, first flush phenomenon was clearly observed in the trunk road(FF : 0.89-1.43). However, such mass delivery behavior was not apparently shown in urban highway(FF : 0.90-1.11) and national road(FF : 0.81-1.41).

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2005

도로분류체계는 도로의 기능. 설계기준을 정의하기 위한 기초가 된다. 본 연구는 요인분석을 활용한 일반국도 유형분류에 대해 다루고 있다. 이를 위해 2004년도 상시 교통량 조사지점에서 수집된 교통자료를 이용한 요인분석을 수행함으로써 일반국도를 유형별로 분류하였다. 적용된 변수는 총 9개로 AADT(연평균 일교통량), $K_{30}$(설계시간계수) $D_{30}$(중방항계수), 중차량 비율, 주간 교통량 비율, 첨두율, 일요일 계수, 휴가철 계수, 그리고 COV(변동계수)이다. 요인분석 결과, 교통량 변동 특성 요인과 중차량 및 방향별 특성요인이 추출되었다. 군집분석 결과 전체 353개 상시지점이 3개의 그룹으로 분류되었으며 그룹 I은 관광부도로, 그룹 II는 지방부도로, 그룹 III은 도시부도로로 판단된다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2015

PURPOSES : The key point of a multimodal LOS (level-of-service) evaluation system is that all of the modes are mutually associated to determine each mode's LOS. For example, the LOS of the bicycle mode is measured based on not only bicycle volumes, but also automobile volumes. However, the Korea Highway Capacity Manual (KHCM) still focuses on the automobile mode in evaluating the LOS of the roads. Additionally, the KHCM's LOS of the other modes, except for the automobile, is not consistent with actual road conditions. The KHCM, therefore, needs to develop and introduce a multimodal LOS system in order to evaluate the service conditions more accurately. METHODS: As a preliminary step to the introduction of multimodal LOS research, in this study the current problem of the KHCM's LOS system through a close review and comparison with other HCMs (highway capacity manuals) was identified. Secondly, a field survey and investigation of the urban streets to apply the HCM's multimodal LOS system was conducted. Finally, a comparison analysis of the results of the HCM and KHCM LOS was performed. RESULTS: In the study, it was found that the results of the LOS for the automobile mode did not show a significant difference between the HCM and KHCM. However, the LOS of the bicycle and pedestrian mode tended to be worse in the multimodal LOS system, which results from considering the effects of the automobile mode. Moreover, it was found that many cases have the potential to improve the overall LOS conditions, while reducing the automobile capacity. CONCLUSIONS: With the introduction of the multimodal LOS system, road diet and complete streets can be easily applied to ans actual road improvement project. Ultimately, the multimodal LOS system should be introduced into the KHCM, which can then be applied to traffic impact studies and other road improvement projects for more accurate evaluations.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.570-576
• /
• 2017

고속도로에서 화물차는 승용차에 비해 도로의 많은 부분을 점유한다. 이로 인해 도로의 용량은 상대적으로 감소하며, 국소적으로 주변 운전자에게 위협적인 요소로 작용한다. 화물차 사고는 일반적인 사고와 달리 사고 특성이 다르므로 분석 방법 또한 일반적인 사고와 다르게 적용해야 한다. 사고 분석 방법 중 사고예측모형은 특정 구간에 대한 사고건수를 예측하며 교통계획을 수립할 때 사고 예방을 위한 대책 수립과 도로의 위험성을 진단할 때 활용된다. 이에 본 연구는 고속도로의 화물차 간 사고 비율을 적용하여 사고예측모형에 투입될 수 있는 보정계수를 산출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구를 위해 고속도로를 대상으로 사고 자료를 수집하였으며 2014~2016년까지 3개 년도의 교통량 및 사고 자료를 활용하였다. 연간 사고건수를 토대로 사고예측모형을 개발하였으며, 본 연구를 통해 화물차 간 사고 비율에 따른 사고예측모형을 비교함으로써 실질적인 고속도로 사고예측모형을 확인하고 그에 대한 대책을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.539-546
• /
• 2002

The physicochemical properties of solid wastes generated from seven highway service areas, four branch offices, and one construction site were analyzed in concert with air pollutants including heavy metals emitted from near-by small-scale incinerators. The amount of solid wastes generated from highway areas has been increasing with recent increases in the number of highways and passengers. Twelve incinerators examined in this study generally had capacity smaller than 100 kg/hr, most of which were equipped with cyclone for dust removal. It was seen that the concentrations of the gas-phase air pollutants (e.g., SO$_2$, NO$_{x}$, HCl and H$_2$S) were above the acceptable emission standards except one or two sites. CO concentrations at all incinerators were also higher due to incomplete combustion. In addition, particulate matters showed concentration six times higher at their maximum. The results of heavy metal analysis showed that the concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Ni satisfied the emission standards. whereas Pb at one site and Zn at five sites exceeded the standards. Cr measurement results indicated that 9 of 12 incinerators had higher values than the standard; especially one branch office showed nine times higher than normal concentration. In order to satisfy more stringent emission standards in the near future, it is necessary to install air pollution control system and to develop an intensified management plan.n.