• Architectural research
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.35-43
• /
• 2017

In South Korea, problems such as low fertility, aging population, and income polarization have recently become more serious. In this time of social change, it is necessary to examine the current changes occurring to residences in order to improve the stability and health of residential areas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of residential areas that occurred between 2000 and 2010 based on detached houses, which are the foundation of residential areas in Seoul. Changes in residential areas can be observed by examining changes in the type of housing and the characteristics of the residents. Since the type of housing and the characteristics of the residents change in the same area, it is necessary to study them together, not as individual elements. Census data is suitable for this purpose, because it can show the changes that have occurred to the housing type and the residents' characteristics within the neighborhood unit. Among the census output areas identified as residential areas based on detached houses, six sites were selected as the case study area based on the rate of change of detached houses. From the result of the case study using the census data, the study area was categorized into three regional types: (i) an urban development and redevelopment area; (ii) an area with a concentration or increasing number of detached houses; (iii) an area with an increasing number of multi-family houses based on detached houses.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.284-289
• /
• 2003

As growing importance and concern of waterfront, we have tried to study its landscape, accessibility, landuse and so on as well as its environmentally sound and sustainable development. In fact we had been under the false thought that it always what we wanted, and it was neglected in its economic value. This paper/ looks at on alternative, the non-market value generated by management of waterfront as public resource. We consider the question : how much are people willing to pay to improve, how much are people want to improve? The contigent valuation method was implemented during Sep. 9 to 14 in 3 beaches ; haeundae, Gwanganri, Songjeong. They are representative waterfronts which have been widely known and visited. We find out that households are willing to pay about $12,000{\sim}16,000$ won per year for improving nature elements and inviting more valuable functions about 3 beaches. Especially we pay attention to defference between cognitive and comprehensive satisfaction 3 beaches and their substructural factors satisfaction such as natural environment, public facilities, recreational facilities and etc.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to estimate the determinants of Elderly Residental Satisfaction on the residential environment improving projects and suggest the political implications. The survey include questionnaires about the satisfaction level on the project physical and non-physical maintenance factors. The results were statistically analyzed by Correlation Analysis and Regression Analysis. As the result of the study, firstly, it shows that 'traffic and improve pedestrian environment' and 'improved parking environment' factors that are important to the satisfaction of the elderly residents of a high impact on the business component a physical maintenance. Secondly, it shows that 'home improvement and management support' and 'economic foundation' factors that are important to the satisfaction of the elderly residents of a high impact on the business component a non-physical maintenance. The results of analysis on the determinants of Elderly Residental Satisfaction on the residential environment improving projects of Yonnam project may be important foundation for future strategies for improvement.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.103-118
• /
• 2008

University campuses, in Korea, experienced expansion during the 1970's and exceeded its capacity in the 1980's. On the other hand, universities needed to deal with increasing capacity and expansion of its facilities. This study is carried out in three steps : developing the factors of environmental friendly assessment, designing an assessment table based on specific categories, and applying the categories to the campus of Seoul National University. The assessment factors and assessment table were designed through a survey of experts in landscaping, architecture, and urban planning. The elements of major categories were classified as follows; 1) Management of land and accessibility, 2) Pollution and waste matter, 3) Energy, 4) Natural resources, 5) Operation, maintenance and management of environmental friendly campus. And, this study classified five major categories into twenty subcategories on the evaluation of the environmental friendly campus. The twenty subcategories include various fields such as architecture, landscape architecture, environment, urban design, and social sciences etc., profound studies at this line should make more precise assesment guidelines.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.229-238
• /
• 2015

For small-size reinforce-concrete buildings, Midas Gen, OpenSees, and Perform-3D, which are structural analysis programs that are most popularly used at present, were applied for nonlinear static pushover analysis, and then difference between those programs was analyzed. Example buildings were limited to 2-story frames with irregular shaped walls. Analysis result showed that there were more differences than for frames only and frames with rectangular walls, but it was not so significant. Nevertheless, the capacity curve were different in some buildings, which is attributed to shape and location of walls, and feature of the analysis program. Especially, selection of automatic or manual input in Midas Gen, or nonlinear wall elements in Perform3D can affect the capacity curve and performance of the buildings. Therefore, the program users should understand the feature of the program well, and then conduct performance assessment. The result of this study is limited to low-story buildings so that it should be noted that it is possible to get different results for mid- to high-rise buildings.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제26권9호
• /
• pp.1023-1029
• /
• 2017

We studied the distribution of air temperature using the high density urban climate observation network data of Daegu. The observation system was established in February 2013. We used a total of 38 air temperature observation points (23 thermometers and 18 AWSs). From the distribution of monthly averaged air temperatures, air temperatures at the center of Daegu were higher than in the suburbs. The daily minimum air temperature was more than or equal to $25^{\circ}C$ and the daily maximum air temperature was more than or equal to $35^{\circ}C$ at the elementary school near the center of Daegu. Also, we compared the time elements, which are characterized by the diurnal variation of surface air temperature. The warming and cooling rates in rural areas were faster than in urban areas. This is mainly due to the difference in surface heat capacity. These results indicate the influence of urbanization on the formation of the daily minimum temperature in Daegu.

• 도시과학
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.75-90
• /
• 2020

Günter Behnisch is one of the architects who played a major role as a pioneer of German modern architecture after World War II. After experiencing the era of the oppression of the Nazi right-wing national socialist, he tried to break away from the high-pressure and arrogant architecture to control everything in the building and to create a building that was born in a democratic way of thinking. He thought that architecture showed us the way we treat ourselves and the world, and that architecture formed our world view backwards. In this way, architects can express their way of thinking about their society through their works. Behnisch judged that the educational facility was the most appropriate use for implementing his democratic mindset. He hoped that this would give students the characteristics of democracy through architecture. Schools are a place where small society is experienced, and it is thought to be a medium for him to implement democratic thinking in school architecture. This study analyzed the educational facilities of Behnisch by deriving the analysis elements through the educational space organization reflecting Prakash Nair's educational facilities and educational theory and his architectural philosophy. The various plans, sections and spaces, which are characteristics of the his school facilities analyzed in this study, are expected to be helpful as data for presenting variety to many educational facilities in Korea.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.321-328
• /
• 2002

From May 1999 to July 2000, concentration of 17 metals (Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, Zn), 4 ions (${NH_4}^+$, $Cl^-$, ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$) and pH in rainwater were investigated. The volume-weighted mean concentrations (VWM) of ${NO_3}^-$ and ${SO_4}^{2-}$ were 16.0 and $17.0{\mu}mol\;L^{-1}$. The average pH was 4.53, which ranged from 3.83 to 6.06. The characteristic variations of these species were investigated in terms of the source of these species by principal component analysis (PCA) and interelement correlation coefficients. The elements were classified into three categories: anthropogenic source (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, ${NH_4}^+$, ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$ and $H^+$), soil and crust dust (Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, Mn) and sea salts (Mg, Na, $Cl^-$). In addition, we compared the concentrations in rainwater, which were taken on the same day in three sites (Higashi-Hiroshima, an urban-facing area and a mountain-facing area of Mt. Gokurakuji) in order to examine the regional effect against the concentrations in them. At the urban-facing area of Mt. Gokurakuji, the concentrations of chemical compositions were higher than other areas.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2016

One of the key problems in the design of high-rise commercial complex is how to guide reasonable pedestrian distribution in commercial space. In this study, pedestrian distribution in three high-rise commercial complexes in Shanghai and Hong Kong was studied using spatial configuration analysis software Space Syntax and quantification of physical elements in commercial spaces, such as functional attractiveness, entrances, escalators, level variations and passage width. Additionally, in an attempt to integrate functions with spatial integration and spatial depth, two combination variables, the spatial coefficient of function (IF) and spatial depth coefficient of function (F/D), were proposed. The results of the correlation analysis and multiple regression analyses reflected the following: (1) Regarding the influence on pedestrian distribution, there was a synergistic and complementary relationship between function and space; (2) The comprehensive flow distribution analytic model could successfully interpret flow distribution in high-rise commercial complexes and its R Square ranged up to about 70% in the three cases; (3) The spatial coefficient of function (IF) and spatial depth coefficient (F/D) could effectively integrate functions and spatial configuration, which could help close the gap between over-emphasis on function in commercial research and the lack of consideration of function in space-syntax analysis.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.149-157
• /
• 2006

In the planning process, there are five directions to planning residential sites. Firstly, the site must be planned to allow continuity with the city space, or created to conform to the city structure. Secondly, plans for community space and programs as well as convenience facilities must coexist in the road space. Thirdly, in terms of view, the site must be planned in territories to secure identity of the site. Fourthly, in terms of the environment, the site should utilize the natural environment. Lastly, in terms of infrastructure, the site should include a pedestrian-centered road system as well as establishing city infrastructure facilities for a combined planning in the municipal dimension. So far we have looked at planning methods for an apartment site that can be integrated into the existing city. The study into five elements to planning a large-scale apartment site, context, community, landscape, environment and infrastructure, and their relationship among each other must continue on.