• International Journal of Contents
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2011

The aim of our study was to evaluate the immediate effects of an 830-nm Aluminium gallium arsenide (GaAlAs) laser, by examining the changes, in pressure-pain threshold (PPT) and tenderness at 3 kg of the myofascial trigger point (MTrP) of the upper trapezius muscle in visual display terminal (VDT) workers in comparison with placebo treatment. Thirty VDT workers (13 males, 17 females) with complaints of upper trapezius muscle were recruited. All participants were given either active GaAlAs laser (830 nm wavelength, 450 mW, 9 J at point) or placebo GaAlAs laser, according to the double-blinded and placebo-controlled trial. Both active and placebo low-level laser therapy (LLLT) treatments showed no significant effect on PPT and tenderness at 3 kg. These results suggest that a higher dosage may be necessary to produce immediate effects when applying LLLT to the MTrP of relatively large muscles such as the upper trapezius muscle.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to use standard and downward slope of the keyboards with taping to influence electromyography of upper trapezius. The effect of taping raise a medical criticism, but we do an experiment on two kind of keyboards with taping in order to decrease stress of shoulder. Subjects are in Seonam university whose are twelve healthy adults in their twenties. This experiment used two kind of keyboards. Standard keyboard's degree is $0^{\circ}$ and another keyboard's degree is $-7.5^{\circ}$. Application of Kinesio taping attached belly of upper trapezius tightly. Measurement of electromyography attached posterior of acromion process go by spinous process of 7th cervical vertebra and upper trapezius. Method of analysis used Repeated measure two-way ANOVA. Result of this experiment, both shoulder's muscle activity increased(p<.05) when used standard keyboard and downward keyboard with taping used. We compared muscle activity that used downward keyboard than standard keyboard. Statistically, it dosen't increase in neck and shoulder(p>.05). Therefore, using a keyboard with upper trapezius's taping in order to decrease muscle activity isn't influenced.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the two different types of chairs on trapezius muscle activation during dictation tasks. Seventeen university students, each of whom were within ${\pm}1$ standard deviation of the mean Korean standard body size, voluntarily participated in this study. Surface electromyography was used to collect electrical signals from both the upper and lower trapezius muscles. Amplitude Probability Distribution Function (APDF) was performed to analyze the muscle activity. The findings of this study were 1) The backrest-point height of the auditorium chair and the height, length and width of the connected desk were shorter than what was suggested by the KS. Another difference was that the auditorium chair had a bigger angle of the backrest compared to the classroom chair. 2) Regarding within-subject effect the sole statistically significant difference was found between activation of the upper trapezius muscle. The upper trapezius muscle's %RVC in the APDF 10th-50th-90th percentile was statistically higher for participants sitting in the auditorium chair than for participants sitting in the classroom chair (p<.05). 3) There was an interaction effect between the 'two chair-types' and the 'two muscle-sides' in the APDF 10th-50th percentile (p<.05). 4) There was an interaction effect between the 'two chair-types' and the 'three gaze-direction' in the APDF 90th percentile (p<.05). The findings of this study indicated that maintaining a writing posture for a prolonged period of time in an auditorium chair significantly increased the left upper trapezius muscle activation compared to a classroom chair.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 상부 승모근 근활성도에 대한 정규화를 하는 동안, 어떠한 도수 근력 검사 자세가 상부 승모근의 선택적 활성화에 최적화된 자세인지를 알아보고자 하였다. 28명의 성인 남.녀가 본 연구에 참여하였다. 상부 승모근과 견갑거근의 근활성도를 측정하기 위해 근전도를 이용하였다. 세 가지 도수근력 검사 자세에서 견갑거근에 대한 상부 승모근의 활성비를 측정하였다. 다른 측정 자세와 비교하여 S-MVIC 자세에서 유의하게 높은 상부 승모근/견갑거근 근활성비(S-MVIC: 80.25, T-MVIC: 76.50, C-MVIC: 60.95)를 보였다. 그리고 C-MVIC와 비교하여 T-MVIC가 유의하게 높은 상부 승모근/견갑거근 근활성비를 보였다. 실험 결과를 토대로 기존의 T-MVIC 검사 자세에서 S-MVIC로 상부 승모근 근전도 정규화 검사 자세를 바꾸는 것이 상부 승모근의 선택적 근활성도 수집의 정규화 신뢰도를 높이는데 도움이 될 것이다. 이전 측정방법과 비교하여 S-MVIC를 이용한 상부 승모근 근력 또는 근활성도 측정방법은 상부 승모근의 근력 또는 근활성도의 독립적 측정이 가능하다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

The smart-phone has become a necessity for most people. In this study, we determined that using a smart-phone for 20 minutes can cause increased neck and shoulder muscle activities and fatigue. Seventeen healthy male smart-phone users who attended Yonsei University played a smart-phone game for 20 minutes and changes in their bilateral cervical erector spinae and upper trapezius muscle activities and fatigue were measured. To assess muscle activities and fatigue, we used the following variables: the median frequency, the 50th percentile Amplitude probability distribution function (APDF) value (median load), and the discrepancy in the 90th percentile APDF value and the 10th percentile APDF value (APDF range). A paired t-test was used to compare pre-smart-phone-use status with post-smart-phone-use-status. The median frequency of the bilateral cervical erector spinae and the upper trapezius decreased significantly after 20 minutes of smart-phone use (p<.05). In addition, the 50th percentile APDF value of the bilateral cervical erector spinae and the right upper trapezius increased significantly (p<.05). The APDF range of the bilateral cervical erector spinae and the upper trapezius also increased significantly (p<.05). However, the 50th percentile APDF range of the left upper trapezius was not significantly different (p>.05). These findings suggest that using smart-phones for 20 minutes can induce muscle fatigue and increased neck and shoulder muscle activities.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate effective cueing methods for selective muscle activation of the serratus anterior. Methods: Based on the inclusion criteria, 26 healthy adults, both males and females, were recruited for the measurement of muscle activation of the upper trapezius and serratus anterior muscles while performing basic movements in knee push-up plus (KPP) and dynamic hug (DH) positions using five different cueing methods. An electromyogram was used to measure muscle activation, and both muscle activation and muscle ratio (serratus anterior/upper trapezius) were compared during the basic movements and different cueing methods. The cueing methods were trapezius verbal cueing, trapezius verbal cueing + trapezius tactile cueing, emphasis verbal cueing, serratus anterior tactile cueing, and trapezius verbal cueing + trapezius tactile cueing + serratus anterior tactile cueing. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference in the muscles for the two exercises (p < 0.05). There was also a significant difference between the cueing methods (p < 0.05). The correlative effect between the muscles and cueing methods was also significant (p < 0.05). The muscle ratio in trapezius verbal cueing + trapezius tactile cueing + serratus anterior tactile cueing during KPP and DH was higher than in basic movements and other cueing methods. This confirms that trapezius verbal cueing + trapezius tactile cueing + serratus anterior tactile cueing is an effective cueing method for selective activation of the serratus anterior during KPP and DH. This study also demonstrated that cueing by a therapist may both increase and decrease selective muscle activation. Conclusion: Through this study, an effective cueing method to selectively activate the serratus anterior may be suggested, and the results of this study may provide basic information regarding future studies and clinical practice.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of leg lift difference on the serratus anterior muscle and the upper trapezius muscle when a subject with winged scapula performs a scapula protraction exercise in a four-leg crawling posture. Method: Twenty normal adults and 20 subjects with winged scapula participated in the experiment. Surface EMG recordings were collected from serratus anterior muscle and back trapezius muscle during scapula protraction exercises. Scapular winging is measured with the lifting distance of scapula retraction to the back using an electronic digital caliper. In two groups of four-leg crawling posture, the two legs support, the dominant leg lifting, and the non-dominant leg lifting, including the scapula protraction, were performed. To examine the difference between groups in the variance analysis, the Bonferroni correction was used (significance level ${\alpha}=.017$). Statistical significance level ${\alpha}$ was .05. Results: There was a significant difference in serratus anterior muscle and upper trapezius muscle during push-up plus exercise in leg lifting in four-leg crawling posture, but there were no significant differences in muscle activity between serratus anterior muscle and upper trapezius muscle, and there was no significant difference according to the presence or absence of scapular winging. Conclusion: For the shoulder stability of the ipsilateral side with the serratus anterior muscle, the leg-lifting posture is effective in the four-leg crawling, and also when a subject with winged scapula chooses an exercise, lifting the ipsilateral side of leg with scapula protraction exercises at the same time may have a positive effect on scapula dysfunction.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2023

Purpose: Due to the high incidence of shoulder injuries, including shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS), among CrossFit practitioners due to frequent overhead movements, serratus anterior exercises are considered crucial for scapular stabilization in both intervention and prevention. Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the muscle activity and ratios of scapular stabilizing and shoulder girdle muscles between individuals with and without SIS during serratus punch and wall slide exercises, both targeting the serratus anterior muscle, in CrossFit training practitioners. Methods: Surface electromyography was used to compare the muscle activity and activity ratio of scapular stabilizing muscles and shoulder muscles during serratus punch and wall slide exercises in two groups of 20 CrossFit practitioners: ten with SIS and ten without symptoms. Results: The group with SIS showed higher activation of the pectoralis major, upper trapezius, and a higher pectoralis major/serratus anterior and upper trapezius/serratus anterior muscle activation ratio during the serratus punch exercise compared to the group without SIS. Similarly, during the wall slide exercise, the group with SIS exhibited higher activation of the upper trapezius and a higher upper trapezius/serratus anterior muscle activation ratio compared to the group without SIS. However, no significant difference in serratus anterior muscle activation was observed between the two groups. Conclusions: This study highlights the higher activation of the pectoralis major and upper trapezius muscles in CrossFit practitioners with SIS during the serratus anterior exercise, suggesting the importance of minimizing the overactivation of these muscles to prevent impingement syndrome in this population.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify that the effect of hold-relax and active stretching on recoveries of upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle fatigue after computer work. Methods : This study was conducted by 30 volunteer at the age of 23~33(resting group=10, hold-relax group=10, active stretching group=10). The muscle fatigue measured by tracing the median frequency(MDF) decrement from power spectrum analyses of EMG signals and the data were analyzed repeated ANOVA. Result : In case of upper trapezius, there was significant difference in group I,II and group II, III. In case of sternocleidomastoid, there was significant difference in group I,II and group I,III. Conclusion : The active stretching was effective for sternocleidomastoid and the hold-relax was effective for upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid. The hold-relax was effective better than active stretching on recoveries of muscle fatigue.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.190-196
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of muscle energy techniques (MET) of upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles on Bell's palsy. Methods: In this retrospective study, we screened the medical records of patients with Bell's palsy who had received inpatient and outpatient treatment at the Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Korean Medicine Hospital Dong-Eui University between November 28, 2016 and April 30, 2017. A total of 34 out of 93 Bell's palsy patients met the inclusion criteria. The 34 patients were divided into two groups: Group A patients had undergone Korean-Western combination treatment and MET of upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles; Group B patients had undergone Korean-Western combination treatment only. MET of upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles had been performed three times a week during the inpatient period, and two to three times a week during the outpatient period. Yanagihara scores had been assessed at the first visit, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after the first visit. Results: Group A Yanagihara scores were significantly improved during each interval from the first visit to 4 weeks later. Group B Yanagihara scores were also significantly improved except during the first week. During every period, the improvements observed in Yanagihara score were significantly higher in Group A than in Group B. Conclusion: These results suggest that MET of upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles may be effective treatment for Bell's palsy.