• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.184-189
• /
• 2012

Keloid disease is a fibroproliferative dermal tumor with an unknown etiology that occurs after a skin injury in genetically susceptible individuals. Increased familial aggregation, a higher prevalence in certain races, parallelism in identical twins, and alteration in gene expression all favor a remarkable genetic contribution to keloid pathology. It seems that the environment triggers the disease in genetically susceptible individuals. Several genes have been implicated in the etiology of keloid disease, but no single gene mutation has thus far been found to be responsible. Therefore, a combination of methods such as association, gene-gene interaction, epigenetics, linkage, gene expression, and protein analysis should be applied to determine keloid etiology.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2013

Msi1-like (MSIL) proteins, which are eukaryote-specific and contain a series of WD40 repeats, have pleiotropic roles in chromatin assembly, DNA damage repair, and regulation of nutrient/stress-sensing signaling pathways. In the fungal kingdom, the functions of MSIL proteins have been studied most intensively in the budding yeast model Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an ascomycete. Yet their functions are largely unknown in other fungi. Recently, an MSIL protein, Msl1, was discovered and functionally characterized in the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans, a basidiomycete. Interestingly, MSIL proteins appear to have redundant and unique roles in both fungi, suggesting that MSIL proteins may have evolutionarily divergent roles in different parts of the fungal kingdom. In this review, we will describe the current findings regarding the role of MSIL proteins in fungi and discuss future directions for research on this topic.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.74-78
• /
• 2007

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major problem in cancer chemotherapy and has often ended up with termination of the therapy. The aim of this study was to identify any fractions of Korean red ginseng that would be effective in modulating for MDR. Although ginsenosides have been reviewed as possible MDR modulators, the MDR modulation activity of the other component is unknown. Therefore, a red ginseng was extracted with methanol, ether, ethylacetate, and n-butanol, followed by several fractionations by silica gel chromatography. And the activity of MDR modulating for these fractions was examined via sulforrhodamine B assay. We have found that several ether fractions, as nonsaponin components are effective on MDR modulation. We have expect that these results helpful to improvement of cancer chemotherapy.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.50 no.7
• /
• pp.343-344
• /
• 2017

Plants are able to recognize even small changes in surrounding temperatures to optimize their growth and development. At warm temperatures, plants exhibit diverse architectural adjustments, including hypocotyl and petiole elongation, leaf hyponasty, and reduced stomatal density. However, it was previously unknown how such warm temperatures affected the early stages of seedling development. In our recent study, we demonstrated that the RNA-binding protein, FCA, is critical for sustaining chlorophyll biosynthesis during early seedling development, which is a prerequisite for autotrophic transition at warm temperatures. FCA plays a dual role in this thermal response. It inhibits the rapid degradation of protochlorophyllide oxidoreductases (PORs) that mediate chlorophyll biosynthesis. In addition, it induces the expression of POR genes at the chromatin level, which contributes to maintaining functional enzyme levels. Our findings provide molecular basis for the thermal adaptation of chlorophyll biosynthesis during the early stages of seedling development in nature.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2016

Rap1 is a key regulator of cell adhesion and migration. Although increasing evidence indicates that the Rap1 signaling pathway is involved in the process of bone remodeling, the mechanism by which Rap1 regulates osteoblastic differentiation and cell adhesion remains unknown. Here, we investigated the morphological characteristics and osteoblastic differentiation of cells expressing constitutively activated form of Rap1A (Rap1ACA) or Rap1 GTPase activating protein Rap1GAP and found that activated Rap1 induces osteoblastic differentiation and cell adhesion as well as cell spreading. When osteoblastic differentiation was induced, Rap1ACA cells showed considerably higher levels of calcium deposits than the wild-type and Rap1GAP-overexpressing cells did. Rap1ACA cells showed increased spreading and size, as well as strong cell adhesion and significantly decreased growth rates. F-actin staining using phalloidin revealed several thin thread-like filopodia around the protrusions in Rap1ACA cells, which possibly contribute to the increased cell adhesion.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.323-326
• /
• 2002

One hundred and three random complementary DNA clones representing rainbow trout intestine were par1i811y sequenced as an approach to analyze the transcribed sequences of its genome. Of the sequences generated, 60.0% of the ESTs were represented by 40 known genes. Thirty-five clones of unknown gene products potentially represented 34 novel genes. The most Bbundantly represented messages were the 28S ribosomal protein (6.5%) and beta actin (5.8%). The genes involved in ribosome formation (18%) accounted for the major gene expression. Development of EST panels representing the genes expressed in a particular tissue will be useful in determining the role of these genes in normal function and in response to developmental, hormonal, environmental and physiological changes.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1987.07a
• /
• pp.63-79
• /
• 1987

Light regulates a variety of genes in higher plants. The expression of light-induced plant genes is regulated at the level of transcription via red- light photomorphogenic receptor, phytochrome, as well as unknown blue light photoreceptor(s). Ribulose-5-phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) small subunit (SSB) and light harvesting chlorophyll a/b (Cab) protein are those of the best understood genes regulated by light. 5'-upstream flanking sequence (- -400) of Rubisco SSB and Cab genes sis known as a light responsive, enhance-like element. It responses to red and blue light in transgenic plant system as a tissue specific manner. Phytochrome gene is also regulated by light. In contrast to most of the light regulated plant genes, it is negatively controlled by red light. Search for the cis- and trans-acting factors responsible for the light signal is in progress to understant photomorphogenesis and development in higher plants.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2022

The various DNA-protein interactions associated with the expression of genetic information involve double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bending. Due to the importance of the formation of the dsDNA bending structure, dsDNA bending properties have long been investigated in the biophysics field. Conventionally, DNA bendability is characterized by innate averaging data from bulk experiments. The advent of single-molecule methods, such as atomic force microscopy, optical and magnetic tweezers, tethered particle motion, and single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurement, has provided valuable tools to investigate not only the static structures but also the dynamic properties of bent dsDNA. Here, we reviewed the single-molecule methods that have been used for investigating dsDNA bendability and new findings related to dsDNA bending. Single-molecule approaches are promising tools for revealing the unknown properties of dsDNA related to its bending, particularly in cells.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.122-129
• /
• 2024

Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a rare haematological and immunodeficiency disorder that occurs in childhood leading to recurrent infections, bleeding tendencies and progressive neurological dysfunction. Partial oculocutaneous albinism occurs in almost all cases. The exact prevalence is unknown, and the disease is caused by over 70 identified mutations in the lysosomal trafficking regulator gene. The presence of a bright polychromatic appearance from hair shaft and abnormally large intracytoplasmic granules, especially within neutrophils and platelets in the bone marrow is highly suggestive. Treatment is largely supportive, and the only curative treatment is through an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Without transplant, most patients will enter an accelerated phase of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) which carries a high mortality rate. We present a young male with CHS who we had followed through and eventually developed a fulminant accelerated phase. We believe this is only the second reported case of CHS in Malaysia.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.170-176
• /
• 1983

Starchy single cell protein produced by a starch-utilizing yeast, Sporobolomyces holsaticus FRI Y-5 was analyzed for its composition such as intracellular protein, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins and pigments. It was shown that it contained 33.08% of total carbohydrate, 45.63% of crude protein, 20.01% of crude lipid, 3.24% of ash and 4.46% of pigment. Whole cell extracted by cold and hot NaOH method contained 40.89% of soluble protein and the estimated nucleic acid content from crude and soluble protein contents was about 7.6%. The sulphur-containing amino acids, threonine, isoleucine and valine were analyzed to be the limiting amino acids in the starchy SCP, and the protein score was calculated as 89.4. It was shown from its fatty acid analysis that it contained $6.5%\;of\;C_{16:0}$, $2.4%\;of\;C_{18:0}$, $81.9%\;of\;C_{18:1}$, $3.2%\;of\;C_{18:2}$, and $6.0%\;of\;C_{18:3}$. Also it was observed that it contained, per 100 g of dry cell, 365.33mg of Mg and 282.75mg of K more than Fe and Ca. The content of Vit. $B_2$ was 3.7mg per 100 g of dry cell, but niacin was not detected under this experimental condition. The UV-visible scanning result of pigment extract showed that the yeast contained carotenoid and unknown pigments.