• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.78-92
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• 2003

The upper-body characteristics of the right-handed and the left-handed are examined and compared through 1-dimensional measurement and 2-dimensional measurement. The results were as follows: 1. According to 1-dimensional measurement results, the clearest differences were seen in girth items rather than height or length items. In particular, hand girth, lower arm girth, and upper arm girth were bigger on the left side in the left-handed group and the right side in the right-handed group. This is thought to be relevant to the arm muscles frequently used. 2. According to 2-dimensional measurement results, significant differences appeared in the females of the left-handed group: shoulder point among width items. In the right-handed group, some differences of significance were shown in females (shoulder point, rear armpit point, and B.P. point among width items) and males (front neck point among extreme vertical distance items). In summary, the body type characteristics of the left-handed and the right-handed reveal great differences in the items related to arm length and arm girth. In other words, the sleeve and shoulder patterns production based on the right-handed don't rightly reflect the somatotype characteristics of the left-handed. In addition, in the cases of athletes, laborers, and the disabled who frequently use particular muscles or parts of the body, this sort of research in the patterns is consistently needed in order to reflect the size differences in girth items in upper body.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1297-1302
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• 2018

Propose of this study was to compared and analyzes the cranking between the newly developed hand cycle prototype and the hign-end hand cycle that are sold on the market for the disabled athletes. For this study, 10 male subjects, who had the same type of disability, were selected from the Korea Disabled Cycle Federation. 12 infrared camera(Oqus-500) was utilized to acquire the subjects' kinematic data. we have analyzed the data of 30 seconds - 15 seconds before and after cranking. SPSS 16 was used for a statistical verification and the difference of the sports biomechanical variable between RX and the prototype was verified by utilizing pared samples t-test. The significance level at the time of the experiment was ${\alpha}=.05$. The results show that there is a need to design the hand cycle crank in a curve shape to lessen the muscle fatigue that is measured the highest between the angle of 180 to 195. In addition, comparative analysis between the existing data and the data of modified crank must be researched since the hand cycle cranking is one of the main variables in performance enhancement.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Isotonic Training and Isotonic isometric complex Training to Knee joint Isokinetic muscle function in the high-school Taekwondo athlete. This subjects were randomly divided into two groups; a Isotonic Training group (n=7) Isotonic isometric complex Training group (n=7), Taekwondo athletes share each, 12 weeks between executes a motion. peak torque, H/Q ratio, bilateral muscular ratio muscular endurance of knee joint measured. For this study, two-way ANOVA with repeated measure were used. The result of this study presents between groups was not plain difference expressed. H/Q ratio, bilateral muscular ratio, muscular endurance was plain difference expressed after 12 weeks point of time (p>0.05) and peak torque was plain difference expressed (p<0.05). Conclusion each group did not appear all but one (peak torque), but point of view exercise was effect H/Q ratio, bilateral muscular ratio, muscular endurance, peak torque plain difference expressed.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.143-151
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the technical factors of Cuervo forward straight vaults with single twist, single and half twists, and double twists actually performed by three execellent male gymnasts participated in artistic gymnastics competition of 2003 summer Universiade in Daegu and the 85th National Sports Festival in Cheongju. To accomplish the research goals the Cuervo vaults of three gymnasts were filmed by using three digital camcorders set by 60 Hz, and data were collected through the DLT method of three dimensional cinematography. The kinematic and kinetic variables as each phasic time, CM displacement velocity, release angle inclination angle hip joint angle landing angle, average horse reaction force average moment arm average torque, whoe body's total remote local angular momentum were analyzed, so the following conclusions were reached. Generally to perform the better Cuervo vault, a gymnast should touch down on the board with the great horizontal velocity of the whole body through the fast run-up, and touch down on the horse by decreasing the horizontal displacement of the whole body during the preflight, so raise CM height gradually within a short horse contact time. He should increase the horse reaction force through checking the horizontal velocity of the whole body effectively and the inclination angular displacement of the handstand, if so he can have the large vertical velocity of the whole body. By using the acquired the velocity and the angular momentum of the whole body, he can vault himself higher and twist sufficiently, then he can get better if the body could be tilted by swinging both arms and perform the cat twist with a little flexions at hip joints. According to the above outcomes we can judge that the best athletes is LuBin, the better is YTY, and the next is JSM.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-135
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• 2008

Background: There has recently been a rapid increase in the number of pain clinics and significant advancement in the treatment of pain in Korea. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify possible problems associated with pain clinics and to use this information to help design future pain clinics. This assessment was conducted from the perspective of professional ballet dancers, who are at high risk for pain like other athletes. Methods: One-hundred professional ballet dancers responded to questionnaires designed to ascertain their preference for different types of clinics, the extent of the pain they experience, and their overall opinion of pain clinics. Results: All of the respondents complained of pain in one or more sites and reported that they had visited some type of clinic for treatment at least once. Overall, the respondents preferred using the following methods to treat pain: orthopedic surgery (76 dancers), oriental medicine (49 dancers), and therapy at pain clinic (48 dancers). Fifty-three percent of the 48 dancers who had received treatment at pain clinics were satisfied with their treatment. Forty-four percent of the 52 dancers who had not been treated at a pain clinic had no knowledge of the existence of such facilities. Conclusions: This survey revealed that, although professional ballet dancers have a high prevalence of pain, many have no knowledge of pain clinics. Therefore, efforts should be made by pain clinics to make information regarding their facilities widely available to professional ballet dancers so they can serve the widest range of clientele.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.89-100
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• 2003

In this research was to analyze 3-D kinematics variables for handspring of basic motion in the heavy gymnastics in order to investigate kinematical difference between expert and novice. Therefore, the purpose of this research was provide quantitative information, systematic provision, rules, establishment of basic skill for improving skill and teaching athletes. And in the research, results were as followings. 1. In the time variables, total time was that expert took 0.745sec and novice took 0.829sec, and as duration time of each event, expert was faster than novice in the all motion event except till second event of the preparation motion. 2. In the center of body variables, vertical direction variables, the displacement of body center hight was that expert showed 61.26% and novice showed 54.48% in the third event of all motion, also all event were showed expert was higher displacement than novice except first of event in preparatory stage. 3. In the angle displacement of main joint, the right direction was that expert showed 154.12degree and novice showed 174.85degree and the left direction was that expert showed 159.29degree and novice showed 171.46degree In the second event of main joint curved point at the same time hand was reached floor. In the angle displacement of knee joint in the third event of all motion, expert showed 155.25degree and novice showed 154.00degree In right, and expert showed 155.24degree and novice showed 154.55degree in left. In this result, both were same motion type. In the angle displacement of hip joint in the third event of the all motion, expert showed 142.80degree and novice showed 134.17degree in right, and expert showed 140.28degree and novice showed 144.94degree in left. In this result, motion pattern of expert was same both sides, but novice was different. According to the results, to increase efficiency of motion and aesthetic effect in the all motion, it should stretch displacement and height of body center and make similarly angle of right and left joint.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.209-218
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• 2013

This study was to perform the kinetic analysis of forward $1\frac{1}{2}$ somersault on the platform diving. Six men's diving players of the Korea national reserve athletes participated in this study. The variables were analyzed response time, velocity, center of mass (COM), angle, center of pressure (COP) and ground reaction force (GRF) of motion. For measure and analysis of this study, used to synchronized to 4 camcorder and 1 force plate, used to the Kwon3D XP (Ver. 4.0, Visol, Korea) and Kwon GRF (Ver. 2.0, Visol, Korea) for analyzed of variables. The results were as follows; Time factor were observed in maximum knee flexion depending on the extent of use at phase 1 of take-off to execute the somersault. This enabled the subject to secure the highest possible body position in space at the moment of jumping to execute the somersault and prepare for the entry into the water with more ease. Regarding the displacement of COM, all subjects showed rightward movement in the lateral displacement during technical execution. Changes in forward and downward movements were observed in the horizontal and vertical displacements, respectively. In terms of angular shift, the shoulder joint angle tended to decrease on average, and the elbow joints showed gradually increasing angles. This finding can be explained by the shift of the coordinate points of body segments around the rotational axis in order to execute the half-bending movement that can be implemented by pulling the lower limb segments toward the trunk using the upper limb segments. The hip joint angles gradually decreased; this accelerated the rotational movement by narrowing the distance to the trunk. Movement-specific shifts in the COP occurred in the front of and vertical directions. Regarding the changes in GRF, which is influenced by the strong compressive load exerted by the supporting feet, efficient aerial movements were executed through a vertical jump, with no energy lost to the lateral GRF.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2014

Objective: We developed a Motor-Assisted Rowing Machine (MARM) for Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), by modification of the Concept II rowing machine, so that the seats could be operated automatically in a backward and forward direction by a motor. Design: Case report. Methods: Motor rowing consisted of a chair with inclination control, a motor system, control button, monitor, program, leg supporter, safety belt, and seat. The patients were 2 men rowing athletes with SCI, classified as American Spinal Injury Association class B, participated in the study. Level of thoracic injury ranged from T8 to T10. The subjects rowed at a self-selected stroke rate with 50 watts. Two different rowing methods (static rowing without movement of the seat, dynamic rowing using MARM) were assigned to each participant during 10 minutes; 34 reflective markers were attached to their full bodies. Kinematic data were collected using the Vicon motion analysis system. Based on the full body model provided as a default by the equipment. In the rowing exercise, the rowing motions were divided into Drive Phase and Recovery Phase. Results: The two rowing methods differ in handle range, seat range, handle and seat ratio, handle velocity, and seat velocity during static and dynamic rowing. The rowing exercise using a rowing machine developed MARM increased tendency to the range of motion in the dynamic method compared to the static method. Conclusions: The newly developed MARM could be a useful whole body exercise for people with SCI.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.290-296
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of three types of different running shoes with different properties on impact variables (PVRGF and VLR) and the lower extremity joint's dynamic stability variables (LyEs of DPA, IEA, FEA, DPAV, IEAV, and FEAV) during running. Method: The participants in this research were 12 males (Age: 22.0 ± 3.3 years, Height: 177.2 ± 4.1 cm, Weight: 74.3 ± 9.6 kg). One type of N company's running shoes and two types (FA, FB) of F company's running shoes were used. As for the properties of the running shoes, thickness (mm), dwell time (ms), peak acceleration (m/s2), and energy return (%) were measured. The motions running at 3.5 m/s on a treadmill (Instrumented treadmill, Bertec, USA) wearing each type of running shoes were analyzed. Results: Although the VLR of the thick running shoes (FB) was smaller than that of the other running shoes (N, FA), the LyEs of PVGRF and DPA were larger (p<.05). Even though the running shoes' dwell time (i.e., impact absorption time) and peak acceleration showed a positive correlation with the LyEs of DPAV, IEAV, and FEAV, the energy return showed a negative correlation (p<.05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that the running shoes with excellent impact absorption function are predicted to be suitable for running beginners who need to reduce the burden of the lower extremity joint during running. The running shoes with excellent energy return are expected to be suitable for mid-and long-distance running elite athletes or marathoners to whom stability and consistency are essential during running.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.465-477
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of three - week high altitude ski training on the myocardial performance of cross - country skiers and to provide basic data for the future improvement of cross - country skiers'. The subjects were 6 cross - country skiing male college athletes. To investigate the effects of periodic and high altitude training on cross - country skiers, a general linear model ANOVA with repeated measure And analyzed using the Paired Samples t-test. In high altitude ski training for 3 weeks, the body composition did not change but the isokinetic muscular function of the shoulder joint, hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint was decreased. Therefore, further study is needed if it is considered that continuous strength training should be performed during the ski training period such as SP period.