• 산업기술연구
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• 제10권
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• pp.57-67
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• 1990

Uniaxial compression tests are performed under various loading rates to study the influence of loading rate on the compressive strengths and deformation behaviours. The rock samples adopted in this experiments are Onyang granite, Hambaek sandstone, Hambaek shale and Donghae limestone. Total 120 specimens are prepared for this study. As the loading rate increases from static to dynamic state which is about the level of $800{\sim}1,400kgf/cm^2/sec$, the uniaxial compressive strengths are also increased within the range of 40%. And Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio show similar trends but have a little lower rates of increase when compared with that of uniaxial compressive strength.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2016

In the current study, spring-back of DP980 steel sheet was numerically evaluated for U-bending using a yield function with a hardening model. For spring-back prediction, two types of yield functions - Hill'48 and Yld2000-2d - were considered. Additionally, isotropic hardening and the Yoshida-Uemori model were used to investigate the spring-back behavior. The parameters for each model were obtained from uniaxial tension, uniaxial tension-compression, uniaxial tension-unloading and hydraulic bulging tests. The numerical simulations were performed using the commercial software, PAM-STAMP 2G. The results were compared with experimental data from a U-bending process.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2013

Spring-back of MS1470 steel sheets was numerically predicted using a non-linear kinematic hardening material behavior based on the Yoshida-Uemori model. From uniaxial tension and uniaxial tension-compression-tension data as well as the uniaxial tension-unloading-tension data, the parameters of the Yoshida-Uemori model were obtained. For the numerical simulations, the Yoshida-Uemori model was implemented into the commercial finite element program, ABAQUS/Explicit and ABAQUS/Standard using the user-defined material subroutines. The model performance was validated against the measured spring-back from the benchmark problems of NUMISHEET 2008 and NUMISHEET 2011, the 2-D draw bending test and the S-rail forming test, respectively.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2019

Crossing (X-type) flaws are commonly encountered in rock mass. However, the crack coalescence and failure mechanisms of rock mass with X-type flaws remain unclear. In this study, we investigate the compressive failure process of rock-like specimens containing two X-type flaws aligned in the loading direction. For comparison purposes, compressive failure behavior of specimens containing two aligned single flaws is also studied. By examining the crack coalescence behavior, two characteristics for the aligned X-type flaws under uniaxial compression are revealed. The flaws tend to coalesce by cracks emanating from flaw tips along a potential path that is parallel to the maximum compressive stress direction. The flaws are more likely to coalesce along the coalescence path linked by flaw tips with greater maximum circumferential stress if there are several potential coalescence paths almost parallel to the maximum compressive stress direction. In addition, we find that some of the specimens containing two aligned X-type flaws exhibit higher strengths than that of the specimens containing two single parallel flaws. The two underlying reasons that may influence the strengths of specimens containing two aligned X-type flaws are the values of flaw tips maximum circumferential stresses and maximum shear stresses, as well as the shear crack propagation tendencies of some secondary flaws. The research reported here provides increased understanding of the fundamental nature of rock/rock-like material failure in uniaxial compression.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.345-352
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• 2022

When rock burst occurs, the damaged coal, rock and other fragments can be ejected to the roadway at a speed of up to 10 m/s. It is extremely harmful to personnel and mining equipment, and seriously affects the mining activities. In order to study the energy evolution characteristics, especially kinetic energy, in the process of rock mass failure, this paper first analyzes the energy changes of the rock in different stages under uniaxial compression. The formula of the kinetic energy of rock sample considering the energy from the indenter of the testing machine is obtained. Then, the uniaxial compression tests with different stiffness ratios of the indenter and rock sample are simulated by numerical simulation. The kinetic energy U_d, elastic strain energy U_e, friction energy U_f, total input energy U and surface energy U_θ of crack cracking are analyzed. The results show that: The stiffness ratio has influence on the peak strength, peak strain, U_d, U_e, U_θ, U_f and U of rock samples. The variation trends of strength, strain and energy with stiffness are different. And when the stiffness ratio increases to a certain value, if the stiffness of the indenter continues to increase, it will have no longer effect on the rock sample.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.71-94
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• 1997

암석의 강도에 대한 평가는 지반공학분야에서 매우 중요한 일이나 시료를 성형해야 하기 때문에 시험이 번거롭고 미세균열이 많아 시험에 오차를 가지고 있으며 국내에는 시험자료축적이 부족한 상태이다. 그래서 현장 또는 실내에서 간단하게 시험방법으로 암석강도를 추정할 수 있는 방법이 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 수년간에 걸쳐 축적된 시험자료를 이용하여 암종에 따른 풍화정도 평가 및 풍 화정도에 따른 강도특성의 변화에 대해 분석하였다. 그러므로 암석성형시편과 성형되지 않은 시료를 이용한 일축압축강도, 점하중시험, 현장 및 시편에서의 슈미트해머시험, 흡수율 시험, 내구성 등의 시험을 실시하여 여러 암석강도의 상호관계를 규명하였으며 현장 또는 실내에서 간단한 시험방법으로 암석의 강도를 추정하기 위한 상관 관계식을 제안하였다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 시멘트-모르타르의 각 배합비별 양생기간에 대한 압축강도시험을 수행하여 일축압축강도를 비교한 결과, 혼합수의 양이 적을수록 강도가 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 각 배합비에 따라 3일에서 7일 사이, 10일 사이에 강도가 일정하다 갑자기 증가하는 구간이 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다. 포아송비는 0.13~0.27까지 걸쳐 나타났으며, 영률의 경우도 13.79~33.25MPa까지 넓은 범위에 걸쳐 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 또한 포아송비는 일축압축강도의 감소나 증가에 특별한 상관성이 없고, 영률의 경우에는 상관성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 함수비와 모래비에 의해 강도의 변화가 일어나 영률에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 3일에서 7일 사이에 강도의 변화가 심함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.998-1004
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• 2005

U.J.S.(Ultra Jetting System) is a new ground improvement method registered as a Utility Model No.0205798, which has fundamentally improved the existing jetting method of J.S.P.(Jumbo Special Pattern System). In this study, the uniaxial compressive strengths of improved soil-grout structures by U.J.S. and J.S.P. which have been conducted on the construction site are compared. Also, the differences between the U.J.S. and J.S.P. are analyzed by considering the role of the auger bit, the injection distance measured from the axis of boring tubes, and angle of injection measured from the horizontal. The specimens of soil-grout structures are taken from the improved soils by using the U.J.S. and J.S.P. The uniaxial tests for the samples are conducted after the curing period of 28 days. The uniaxial compressive strengths and the coefficients of elasticity of surface and distance from the axis of boring. This study shows that the mean strength of the improved structure by J.S.P. is 1.9 times greater than by J.S.P.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.221-228
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• 2003

The stress corrosion index of Kumamoto andesite are evaluated by two types of testing method. One is the uniaxial compression test under various water vapor pressures, and the other is the double torsion (DT) test under a constant water vapor pressure. For the uniaxial compression tests, the uniaxial compressive strength increases linearly with decreasing water vapor pressure on the double logarithmic coordinates. As the results, the stress corrosion index obtained is estimated 44. On the other hand, in the DT test, the relaxation (RLX) test and the constant displacement rate (CDR) test were conducted. For the CDR test, as the displacement rate of loading point increases, the crack velocity increases. However, the fracture toughness is constant regardless of the change in displacement rate and the average fracture toughness is evaluated $2.07MN/m^{3/2}$. For the RLX test, the crack velocity-stress intensity factor curves are smooth and linear. The stress corrosion index estimated from the curves is 37. Comparing stress corrosion indexes in the uniaxial compression test and the DT test, there is no significant difference in these values, and they are considered to be in coincident each other regardless of testing methods. Therefore, it is concluded that stress corrosion is one of material constants of rock.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권5A호
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• pp.389-397
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 이방향 휨인장강도 시험 시 시험체에 작용하는 등방성 휨인장거동의 구현여부를 실험적으로 증명하기 위해 시험체의 변형률 측정 실험과, 시험체에 등방성 휨인장응력이 작용할 수 있도록 시험법 개선을 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 또한, 개선된 시험법을 적용하여 이방향 휨인장강도와 4점 휨인장강도 시험에 의한 일방향 휨인장강도를 측정하여 비교하였다. 실험 결과, 시험체에 발생하는 등방성 휨인장응력은 시험체의 표면 조건과 뒤틀림 정도에 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으나, 시험법 개선으로 인해 시험체에 등방성 휨인장응력상태를 확보할 수 있었다. 개선된 이방향 휨인장강도 시험에 의한 이방향 휨인장강도가 일방향 휨인장강도 보다 32% 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 분산성은 동일한 것으로 나타났다.