• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.36 no.3 s.134
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• pp.399-411
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• 2003

An approach determining a confidence interval of Nash's observed mean instantaneous unit hydrograph is developed. In the approach, both two parameters are treated as correlated gaussian random variables based on the theory of Box-Cox transformation and the regional similarity relation, so that linear statistical parameter estimation is possible. A parametric bootstrap method is adopted to give the confidence interval of the mean observed hydrograph. The proposed methodology is also applicable to estimate the parameters of Nash's model for un-gauged basins. An application to a watershed has shown that the proposed approach is adequate to assess the uncertainty of the Nash's hydrograph and to evaluate parameters for un-gauged basins.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.829-833
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• 2006

갈수량(low flow)은 과거 자연상태 하천에서 갈수기에 흘렀던 유량으로서 자연과 사람이 공유할 수 있는 최소한의 유량이며, 이수측면에서 하천수의 공급능력을 평가하여 취수량을 설정하는 기준 유량이다. 일본과 국내에서는 지금까지 일유량의 유황곡선(flow duration curve)을 분석하여 평균갈수량, 기준갈수량 등을 결정하고 이를 갈수량의 지표로 이용하여 왔다. 그러나 미국과 영국 등에서는 7일 동안의 유량을 통계분석하여 만든 10년빈도 7일 최저유량$(7Q_{10})$을 갈수량 지표로 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 위의 두 지표를 실험을 통해 비교하여 서로의 장단점을 우선 고찰하여 보았다. 갈수량 산정을 위해서는 과거의 관측 유량자료가 필요하나 국내에는 수위 관측시설이 한정되어 있을 뿐 아니라 홍수기에 비해 갈수기 자료가 턱없이 부족하여 갈수량 산정에 많은 어려움을 겪고 있다. 국내에서는 대부분 유역면적을 이용한 비유량법으로 계측유역으로부 터 미계측유역의 갈수량을 산정하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 미계측유역(ungauged basin)의 갈수량을 산정하기 위한 방법으로 지역회귀기법(regional regression method)을 국내에 적용하여 보았다. 이를 위해 9개 수위관측소 유역과 7개 댐 유역의 과거 유량자료를 이용하였으며, 교차검증(cross validation)을 통해 갈수량 산정결과의 정확도 검증을 실시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1216-1220
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• 2006

최근 들어 기상이변으로 인해 집중호우가 빈번히 발생하여 막대한 홍수피해를 야기하고 있으며, 이에 자연재해에 대한 방재대책의 중요성 및 수공구조물들의 설계빈도를 상향조정하는 등의 대책마련이 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 특히 2002년 여름 강릉지역에 발생한 태풍 '루사'로 인한 집중호우는 기존 PMP(가능 최대강수량) 규모를 초과하는 사상 초유의 24시간 최대 강수량(880mm)을 기록하여 기존 댐 등과 같은 수공구조물의 설계기준에 대한 재고가 불가피 하게 되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 미계측 유역인 상관저수지 유역을 대상으로 지속시간별 PMP를 산정한 후 임계지속시간을 고려한 PMF(가능최대홍수량)를 산정하여 유역내 대표적인 수공구조물인 저수지의 수문학적 치수안정성 여부를 검토하였다. 분석 대상유역인 상관저수지 유역의 PMP는 전국 전계절별 PMP도로부터 호우중심의 PMP와 유역중심의 PMP를 동일하게 하여 지속시간별 PMP를 산정하였다. 산정된 PMP로부터 Huff의 4분위법을 이용하여 강우를 시간분포 시킨 후 상관저수지 유역의 PMF를 산정하였으며, 이 때 이용된 유역의 홍수량추정 기법으로는 Clark 단위도법이다. 또한 본 연구에서는 수공구조물의 치수안정성을 검토하기 위하여 HEC-5모형을 이용한 저수지 홍수추적을 실시하였으며, 검토 결과 상관저수지의 수문학적 안정성은 확보된 것으로 분석되었다.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2000

The objective of this paper are to present a realistic methodology to estimate the daily water supply rates form irrigation pumping stattions, to validate it with the field data, and to report the daily irrigation pumping rates from the Han river basin. Five-year historical pumping records were collected from seventy-three pumping stations in the Han river basin. And the daily pumping rates were estimated from the electrical consumption records. The pumping patterns from the stations were analyzed and the results were applied to ungauged pumping stations in the basin. The method was appliedto five stations which were field monitored during the irragation periods in 1998. The relative errors between the observed and simulated water pumpage ranged from 1.4 to 7.0 percent. This indicates that the proposed method is valid to apply for estimating the pumping rates for agricultural lands. During 1993 to 1997, the annual average water pumpaging from the Han river and the tributaries were 350 million cubic meter. The annual water supply from the pumping stations varied from 973 to 1.377 mm in depth and the mean was 1,170 mm. The major factor affecting the annual variations was attributed to the rainfall during the growing seasons.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 1986

The need of forecasting river flows arised whenever a river authority must make controls to protect the life and property from the flood and maintain the adequate flows for water use. This study is on the real time flood forecasting from the gauged and ungauged rainfall input and identification of second-order autoregressive(AR(2)) which is used as system model. A Kalman filter is used to obtain the values of the system parameters needed for the optimal control strategy. This system model was applied to the data at the Naiu gauging station in Young san river basin to check the accuracy and efficiency of prediction. One step ahead prediction is checked by stochastic analysis and the order of autoregressive model is proved to be satisfied, Discussions on interesting features of the model are presented.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2005

One of the most important factors for estimating a flood runoff from streams is the lag time. It is well known that the lag time is affected by the morphometric properties of basin which can be expressed by catchment shape descriptors. In this paper, the notion of the geometric characteristics of an equivalent ellipse proposed by Moussa(2003) was applied for calculating the lag time of geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph(GIUH) at a basin outlet. The lag time was obtained from the observed data of rainfall and runoff by using the method of moments and the procedure based on geomorphology was used for GIUH. The relationships between the basin morphometric properties and the hydrological response were discussed based on application to 3 catchments in Korea. Additionally, the shapes of equivalent ellipse were examined how they are transformed from upstream area to downstream one. As a result, the relationship between the lag time and descriptors was shown to be close, and the shape of ellipse was presented to approach a circle along the river downwards. These results may be expanded to the estimation of hydrological response of ungauged catchment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1052-1056
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 유역내 홍수량 실측지점의 연최대 홍수량 자료 계열을 빈도 분석하여 지표 홍수량 빈도 곡선을 작성하고, 연 평균 홍수량과 유역 특성 인자간의 상관관계식을 유도하여 미계측 지점의 연평균 홍수량에 상응하는 확률 홍수량을 추정할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 대상유역은 홍수자료가 풍부하고 신뢰성 있는 한강유역으로 선정하였으며, 유역의 홍수량은 댐 건설로 인하여 댐 건설 이전의 홍수량에 비하여 줄어들기 때문에 실측 유량자료의 빈도해석을 통한 홍수량 산정시에는 댐과 같은 수공구조물 건설의 영향으로 유역의 조건이 변경됨에 따라 유량자료의 불연속이 발생하는 것을 고려하였다. 한강유역의 홍수빈도 분석시 최적 확률분포형은 Gumbel 분포형으로 채택되었으며, 비 확률홍수빈도곡선을 작성한 결과 유역면적가 단위홍수량 상관성은 0.83정도로 모두 상관성을 보였으며, 지점별 주요지형인자와 연평균홍수량은 높은 상관성을 보이고, 연평균홍수량과 주요지형인자간의 회귀분석을 동하여 산정된 홍수량과 기존 하천정비 기본계획에 수록되어 있는 계획홍수량을 비교검토 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.74-83
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• 2007

The goal of this study is to establish an integrated watershed hydrologic model for the whole Nakdong River basin whose area is an approximately 24,000 km2. Including a number of watershed elements such as rainfall, runoff, water use, and so on, the proposed model is based on SWAT model, and is used to improve the flow duration curve estimation of ungauged watersheds for Korean Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL). The model is also used to recognize quantitatively the river flow variation due to water use elements and large dam effluents in the whole watershed. The established combined watershed hydrologic model, SWAT-Nakdong, is used to evaluate the quantified influences of artificial water balance elements, such as a dam and water use in the watershed. We apply two water balance scenarios in this study: the dam scenario considering effluent conditions of 4 large multi-purpose dams, Andong dam, Imha dam, Namgang dam, and Habcheon dam, and the water use scenario considering a water use for stream line and the effluent from a treatment plant. The two scenarios are used to investigate the impacts on TMDL design flow and flow duration of particular locations in Nakdong River main stream. The results from this study will provide the basic guideline for the natural flow restoration in Nakdong River.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.125-131
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to quantify the severity of flash food for a study watershed in Korea by estimation of flash food index using flood runoff hydrograph following Bhaskar et. al (2000). As an extension of the previous research, we examine the relation between flash food index and rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, and total runoff, respectively. This study has estimated the flash food index through simulated flood hydrographs to investigate the relative severity of flash flood in an ungauged basin, Megok river basin for 31 flood events.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.153-159
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• 2009

In order to estimate release water from reservoirs located on ungaged watersheds, an algorithm was suggested based on hydrologic reservoir routing and real time calibrating watershed parameters. A prototype - simple computer program was developed to implement the algorithm with Genetic Algorithm technic. The program was applied to a mid-size reservoir and its ungauged watershed area using observed rainfall data, spillway gates operation data and reservoir water stage time series data under a existing storm event. The result shows that the algorithm and the prototype would be useful to simulate released water from reservoirs.