• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.17-30
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the changes of autonomic nervous system by heart rate variability(HRV) test on the musculoskeletal pain patients treated with acupuncture on the Back-su points and the unfixed points, and untreated healthy adults. Methods : This clinical study have been carried out with 64 cases of musculoskeletal pain patients and 26 healthy adults. 35 patients were treated with acupunctureon on the Back-su points(Group I) and 26 patients were treated on the Unfixed points(GroupII), and two groups were tested by HRV at pre and post acupuncture treatment. 26 healthy adults(GroupIII) were tested twice by HRV without any stimulation. Results : In Group I, VAS was decresased $5.83{\pm}1.62$ to $5.17{\pm}1.89$ significantly(p<0.05) after acupuncture treatment, and LF/HF ratio was decreased significantly(p<0.05) as compared with healthy control Group. In GroupII, SDNN & RMSSD were increased singnificantly(p<0.05) as compared with other Groups. in Group I & II, MHRT was decreased significantly(p<0.05) as compared with healthy control Group. Conclusions : These results suggest that acupuncture treatment on the Back-su points was able to reduce the pain, suppress the sympathetic activities and enhance the parasympathetic activities in musculoskeletal patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.126-131
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• 2001

One of the major obstacles in testing or evaluating precisely the thermal behavior of a machine tool is the difficulty in measuring the heat transfer coefficients on the surfaces by a conventional method. This paper presents a new approach based on the inverse method to identify the values of heat transfer coefficients by using temperature changes measured on the surfaces of a machine tool during a short period in its operating. In the present method, a machine tool structure is modeled by the finite element method and the characteristic curves of the temperature change at several points on machine tool surfaces are theoretically derived in the form that they contain the heat transfer coefficient as an unfixed heat source are approximated so that the theoretical characteristic curves of temperature change fit the measured ones as closely as possible.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.98-113
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in the accessibility of the Metropolitan Seoul Transit systems since 2000, in which many new subway lines have been constructed as well as other urban transit lines have been connected to the systems. We suggest an accessibility measure model for Un-fixed Transportation Networks. In order to measure the nodal accessibility based on the mobility, we apply path-distance, physical-distance, and time-distance as the distance impedance measurement. Specifically, we develop time-distance algorithms to measure the time-distance between each pairs of transit stations based on the T-card transaction databases. We apply the model to the Metropolitan Seoul Transit systems in two time points(2005 and 2011). We examine the results in terms of three distance accessibility measures. Time-distance accessibility explains better the urban land use patterns in the Metropolitan Seoul area than the other two. We visualize the spatial patterns of time-distance accessibility by applying GIS, and analyze the spatial structures of accessibility in the Metrropolitan Seoul area between two time points.