• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.699-712
• /
• 2000

주암호는 광주 전남지역의 주민생활이나 공 농업활동에 기반이 되는 중요한 수자원의 역할을 하고 있으나, 주암호에 유입되는 오염물질로 말미암아 호수의 수질은 점점 악화되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 주암호 수질개선 전략은 시급히 마련되어야 할 것이다. 호수의 수질개선 전략으로 하나가 아닌 다수의 대안이 개발될 경우에 대안별 평가 및 최적순위 결정을 위해서는 목표수질의 달성도, 사회 기술적 적용성 및 경제성 측면을 고려한 평가기준들이 선정된다. 그러나 평가기준들의 수가 많고 각 기준이 추구하는 목적이 서로 상충될 때 의사결정은 어려워진다. 특히, 각 평가기준에 대한 대안별 기준값이 불확실성을 내포하는 경우에는 의사결정이 더욱 곤란하게 된다. 이러한 불확실성의 정도가 크면 클수록 의사결정은 점점 어려워지는데, 각 기준값의 불확실성이 발생하는 주요 원인은 활용할 수 있는 정보의 부족, 미래 상황의 불확실 또는 전문가 지식의 한계 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 의사결정권자가 불확실성 하에서도 호수의 수질개선 대안들을 평가하는데 이용할 수 있는 퍼지 의사결정법이 보여질 것이다. 이 방법은 퍼지이론을 응용하여 대안별 평가기준 값의 불확실성 정도를 해석하고, 이를 그대로 의사결정 과정에 반영하기 때문에 불확실성을 고려하지 않는 방법들에 비해 합리적이고 현실성있는 최적의 수질관리 대안이 선정될 수 있다.

• 종양간호연구
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 2011

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the influencing factors on the quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Methods: The subjects were 159 female patients who visited out-patient department (OPD) after the mass removal surgery for breast cancer and had completed adjuvant treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy at a university hospital and a general hospital. Data collection was conducted using the Ferrell QOL scale, the Mishel uncertainty scale, the Fitts & Osgoods body image scale revised by Jeon & Kim. the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and the Kang family support scale. Results: The level of QOL in the participants was in the middle. There were a significant correlation between QOL, uncertainty, self-esteem, and family support. There were significant differences in QOL with the perceived health condition and the best support person. In a regression analysis, the most powerful predictor of QOL was body image (21.7%). Altogether uncertainty and perceived health condition explained 28.6% of the variance of QOL of the participants. Conclusion: Body image, uncertainty, and perceived health condition were important predictors of QOL. These results demonstrated the need for developing interventions to improve QOL of breast cancer survivors.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.193-200
• /
• 2007

수질자동측정시스템에서 운영하는 온라인 TOC 자동측정장치의 측정값에 대한 불확도를 산출하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 모델식을 이용하여 ISO 불확도 규정을 바탕으로 요소별 불확도 및 표준합성불확도 그리고 확장불확도를 산출하였다. 온라인 TOC 자동측정장치는 검량선을 이용한 농도산출, 측정감도 변동, 매질효과 및 채수지점에 따라 가장 많은 불확도를 가지는 것으로 사료된다. 환경부에서 운영중인 수질자동측정시스템에 설치된 온라인 TOC자동측정장치를 이용하여 4가지 불확도 요소별 불확도 측정실험을 진행한 결과 매질효과에 의한 불확도가 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 매질효과에 의한 불확도는 주입한 퇴적물의 양이 증가할수록 기여율이 함께 증가하였다.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제52권6호
• /
• pp.480-487
• /
• 2008

We described an estimation of measurement uncertainty in quantitative analysis of 11-nor-9-carboxy-${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH), the major metabolite of ${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol, in urine sample by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and GC/MS detection. The analytical results were compared and the different contributions to the uncertainty were evaluated. Inter-day and inter-person validation were performed using statistical analysis of several indicative factors. Measurement uncertainty associated with target analyte in real forensic samples was estimated using quality control (QC) data. Traceability of measurement was established through traceable standards, calibrated volumetric glassware and volume measuring device. The major factors of contribution to combined standard uncertainty, were calibration linearity, inter-day repeatability and inter-person reproducibility, while those associated with preparation of analytical standards and sampling volume were not so important considering the degree of contribution. Relative combined standard uncertainties associated with the described method was 12.05% for THCCOOH.

• Architectural research
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2006

A fungal spore transportation model that accounts for the concentration of airborne indoor spores and the amount of spores deposited on interior surfaces has been developed by extending the current aerosol model. This model is intended to be used for a building with a mechanical ventilation system, and considers HVAC filter efficiency and ventilation rate. The model also includes a surface-cleaning efficiency and frequency that removes a portion of spores deposited on surfaces. The developed model predicts indoor fungal spore concentration and provides an indoor/outdoor ratio that may increase or decrease mold growth risks in real, in-use building cases. To get a more useful outcome from the model simulation, an uncertainty analysis has been conducted in a real building case. By including uncertainties associated with the parameters in the spore transportation model, the simulation results provide probable ranges of indoor concentration and indoor/outdoor ratio. This paper describes the uncertainty quantification of each parameter that is specific to fungal spores, and uncertainty propagation using an appropriate statistical technique. The outcome of the uncertainty analysis showed an agreement with the results from the field measurement with air sampling in a real building.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.535-546
• /
• 2000

주암호는 광주 전남지역의 주민생활이나 공 농업활동에 기반이 되는 중요한 수자원의 역할을 하고 있으나, 주암호에 유입되는 오염물질로 말미암아 호수의 수질은 점점 악화되고 있는 실정이다. 주암호의 수질개선대책을 수립하기 위한 예비단계로서 호수의 수질모델링을 실시하여 수질이 장래에 어떻게 변화될 것인지를 확인할 필요성이 있다. 수질모델링 작업에 이용할 수 있는 컴퓨터 프로그램은 여러 종류가 있으나, 각 프로그램에서 요구하는 오염물질 유입량, 수리 수문 등의 압력자료(Input data)는 불확실성을 포함하고 있으며, 이러한 불확실성은 예측결과(장래수질)의 불확실성을 초래하게 된다. 수질모델링에서 불확실성이 발생하는 주요원인은 활용할 수 있는 정보의 부족, 미래상황 및 예측모델의 불확실, 그리고 전문가 지식의 한계 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 퍼지이론을 응용하여 수질예측 모델에서 요구하는 입력자료들의 불확실성 정도를 해석하고, 이를 수질예측 모델에 그대로 결합시킬 수 있는 방법을 개발하는 것이다. 이러한 방법의 적용은 불확실성을 고려하지 않는 방법들에 비해 합리적이고 현실성 있는 주암호의 장래수질을 예측하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제23권54호
• /
• pp.167-177
• /
• 2000

The problem of system reliability is very important issue in the nuclear power plant, because the failure of its system brings about extravagant economic loss, environment destruction, and quality loss. This paper therefore proposes a normalized scoring model by the qualitative factors order to evaluate the robust reliability of nuclear power plants under uncertainty. Especially, the qualitative factors including risk, functional, human error, and quality function factors for the robust justification has been also introduced. Finally, the analytical reliability and safety assessment model developed in this paper can be used in the real nuclear power plant.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.91-99
• /
• 2009

Because of both precise measurement and efficient quality control, coordinate measuring machines(CMMs) have been widely used in the industry. The purpose of this paper is to present a method to estimate the CMM measurement uncertainty using design of experiments. A factorial design is applied to carry out the performance test proposed by ISO 10360 and to investigate CMM measurement errors associated to orientation and length of the length bar. In order to assess the measurement uncertainty for the performance test, an analysis of the uncertainty components that make up the uncertainty budget has been carried out. The procedure for evaluating the uncertainty of it follows GUM ("Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement"). The results show that the proposed method is suitable to investigate CMM performance and determine the contribution of machine variables to measurement uncertainty.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.76-87
• /
• 2024

Purpose: We investigated the effects of a video-based education program for cerebral angiography on patients' state anxiety, uncertainty, nursing care satisfaction, and complications. Methods: The randomized experimental study included patients who underwent cerebral angiography at a university hospital in Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do between January 2023 and August 2023. Patients were assigned to the experimental group (n=50) and the control group (n=48). The program included video- and pamphlet-based education. The intervention included video-based education provided to the experimental group and conventional pamphlet-based education provided to the control group. Data were obtained pre-, post-, and 2-7 days post-intervention. Data were analyzed using the x²-test and the repeated measures analysis of variance test with the SPSS software, version 28.0. Results: The experimental group showed lower levels of state anxiety (x²=4.316, p=.038) and uncertainty (x²=3.974, p=.046) than the control group. However, we observed no significant intergroup differences in satisfaction with nursing care and complication rates. Conclusion: The results suggest that a video-based education program for cerebral angiography can effectively reduce state anxiety and uncertainty in patients undergoing cerebral angiography. Video-aided educational interventions can improve the quality of nursing care with regard to reducing state anxiety and uncertainty in patients who undergo cerebral angiography.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.144-151
• /
• 2006

A measurement uncertainty for analysis of volatile organic compound (benzene) in cigarette mainstream smoke was carried out. In this study one point re-calibration method was used to estimate uncertainty for benzene. The measurement uncertainty was calculated based on the uncertainty sources of each analysis step, quality appraisal sources, drift and repeatability. As a result, the concentration and expanded uncertainty of benzene in cigarette mainstream smoke were measured as $38.08{\pm}4.36{\mu}g/cig$. Relative uncertainty of drift and repeatability obtained were 5% and 3%, respectively.