• Title/Summary/Keyword: Um-sung

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High Prevalence of Haplorchis taichui, Phaneropsolus molenkampi, and Other Helminth Infections among People in Khammouane Province, Lao PDR

  • Chai, Jong-Yil;Han, Eun-Taek;Shin, Eun-Hee;Sohn, Woon-Mok;Yong, Tai-Soon;Eom, Keeseon S.;Min, Duk-Young;Um, Jin-Young;Park, Min-Sung;Hoang, Eui-Hyug;Phommasack, Bounlay;Insisiengmay, Bounnaloth;Lee, Soon-Hyung;Rim, Han-Jong
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.243-247
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    • 2009
  • The prevalence of liver and intestinal helminth infections, including Opisthorchis, Haplorchis, Phaneropsolus, hookworms, Enterobius, and Taenia, was surveyed in Khammouane province, Lao PDR. Fecal specimens were collected from 1,242 people (590 men and 652 women) in 3 Mekong riverside villages and were examined by the Kate-Katz thick smear technique. The overall helminth egg positive rate was 81.1%. The positive rate for small trematode eggs, including Opisthorchis viverrini, heterophyids, and lecithodendriids, was 81.1% and the positive rate for hookworms was 6.7%. To obtain adult worms, 35 people who were positive for small trematode eggs were treated with 20-30 mg/kg praziquantel and 10-15 mg/kg pyrantel pamoate, and then purged. Diarrheic stools were collected from 33 of these people and searched for helminth parasites using a stereomicroscope. Mixed infections with various helminths (Haplorchis taichui, Haplorchis yokogawai, Prosthodendrium molenkampi, Phaneropsolus bonnei, echinostomes, hookworms, Trichostrongylus spp., Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis, and/or Taenia saginata) were found. The total number of helminth specimens collected was 20,907 (approximately 634 per person). The most common species was H. taichui, followed by P. molenkampi, 0. viverrini, P. bonnei, E. vermicularis, hookworms, and Trichostrongylus spp. These results show that diverse species of intestinal nematodes, trematodes, and cestodes are infecting humans in Khammouane province, Lao PDR.

Histological characteristics of newly formed cementum in surgically created one-wall intrabony defects in a canine model

  • Park, Jung-Chul;Um, Yoo-Jung;Jung, Ui-Won;Kim, Chang-Sung;Choi, Seong-Ho;Kim, Chong-Kwan
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.3-10
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: Periodontal regenerative therapies for defects created by severe periodontitis are mainly focused on bone regeneration. Although cementum regeneration needs to be better understood, it is believed to play an important role in periodontal regeneration. The first step toward a full understanding of cementum regeneration is to compare repaired cementum to pristine cementum. This study, which used histological techniques, was designed to focus on cementum regeneration and to compare pristine cementum to repaired cementum after surgical procedures with 8 and 24 week healing periods in a canine model. Methods: Buccal and lingual mucoperiosteal flaps of 10 beagle dogs were surgically reflected to create critical-sized defects. Intrabony one-wall defects, of which dimension is 4 mm width and 5 mm depth, were made at the distal aspect of mandibular second premolars and the mesial aspect of mandibular fourth premolars in the right and left jaw quadrants. Animals were sacrificed after 8 and 24 weeks post-surgery for histological specimen preparation and histometric analysis. Results: The repaired cementum was composed mostly of acellular cementum and cellular mixed fiber cementum and was thicker in the apical area than in the coronal area. The acellular cementum of the supracrestal area appeared to be amorphous. The newly formed cellular cementum was partially detached from the underlying circumpulpal dentin, which implied a weak attachment between new cementum and dentin, and this split was observed to a lesser extent in the 24 week group than in the 8 week group. The vertical height of the repaired cementum was greater in the 24 week group than in the 8 week group. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, we can conclude that repaired cementum after root planing was mainly acellular cementum and cementum tissue that matured to a shape similar to pristine cementum as the healing progressed from 8 to 24 weeks.

Effect of Defatted Sesame and Perilla Methanol Extracts on Cognitive Function and Antioxidant Activity in SAMP8 Mice (노화촉진마우스에 있어서 참깨박 및 들깨박의 메탄올 추출물이 인지기능 및 항산화능에 미치는 영향)

  • Um, Min-Young;Choi, Won-Hee;An, Ji-Yun;Kim, Sung-Ran;Ha, Tae-Youl
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.637-642
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    • 2004
  • Effects of defatted sesame and perilla methanol extracts on cognitive function and antioxidant activity of learning- and memory-impaired animal model SAMP8 mice. Animals were divided into 4 groups and fed with diets containing 0.3%(w/w) defatted sesame (S) or defatted perilla methanol extracts (P) for 12 weeks. Step through latency of SAMP8 control group was significantly higher than that of SAM R1 normal group, whereas significantly increased in S and P groups compared with SAMP8 control on passive avoidance test (p<0.001). Acetylcholinesterase activity of brain in SAMP8 increased compared with SAMR1 but no difference between SAMP8 control group and sample-treated group. Brain TBARS contents of SAMP8 control significantly increased compared with SAMR1 and were lowered significantly by supplementation of defatted sesame and perilla methanol extracts. Defatted sesame and perilla methanol extracts attenuated increased brain superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in SAMP8. These results suggest defatted sesame and perilla methanol extracts could attenuate cognitive deficits induced by aging possibly through activation of antioxidant activity of defatted sesame and perilla methanol extracts.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for stage II-III resectable rectal cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

  • Song, Jin Ho;Jeong, Jae Uk;Lee, Jong Hoon;Kim, Sung Hwan;Cho, Hyeon Min;Um, Jun Won;Jang, Hong Seok;Korean Clinical Practice Guideline for Colon and Rectal Cancer Committee
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.198-207
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: Whether preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is better than postoperative CRT in oncologic outcome and toxicity is contentious in prospective randomized clinical trials. We systematically analyze and compare the treatment result, toxicity, and sphincter preservation rate between preoperative CRT and postoperative CRT in stage II-III rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library from 1990 to 2014 for relevant trials. Only phase III randomized studies performing CRT and curative surgery were selected and the data were extracted. Meta-analysis was used to pool oncologic outcome and toxicity data across studies. Results: Three randomized phase III trials were finally identified. The meta-analysis results showed significantly lower 5-year locoregional recurrence rate in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.84; p = 0.004). The 5-year distant recurrence rate (p = 0.55), relapse-free survival (p = 0.14), and overall survival (p = 0.22) showed no significant difference between two groups. Acute toxicity was significantly lower in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between two groups in perioperative and chronic complications (p = 0.53). The sphincter-saving rate was not significantly different between two groups (p = 0.24). The conversion rate from abdominoperineal resection to low anterior resection in low rectal cancer was significantly higher in the preoperative-CRT group than in the postoperative-CRT group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: As compared to postoperative CRT, preoperative CRT improves only locoregional control, not distant control and survival, with similar chronic toxicity and sphincter preservation rate in rectal cancer patients.

Autosomal-dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in a Family of Scottish Fold Cats (스코티쉬 폴드 고양이 가족에 발생한 상염색체 우성 다낭성 신병)

  • Seo, Kyoung-Won;Kim, Sae-Um;Ahn, Jin-Ok;Coh, Ye-Rin;Han, Sung-Young;Youn, Hwa-Young
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.726-728
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    • 2010
  • Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (AD-PKD) is common in Persian and Persian-related breeds, and is sporadically reported in Scottish Fold cats. A 5-year-old male Scottish Fold cat was diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease based on screening tests and abdominal ultrasonography and died 3.5 months after diagnosis. The cat had 14 kittens with three queens, including his female sibling, with an age range of 3 months to 8 years. Genetic testing to confirm the genetic transmission of AD-PKD which detects the mutated PKD1 gene was performed. Abdominal ultrasonography confirmed the presence of renal cysts. Nineteen cats were screened in the present study (13 males and 6 females), with an age range of 3 months to 8 years. The results of renal ultrasonography agreed with the genetic test results in the 19 cats in which both tests were performed and 8 cats were diagnosed as ADPKD based on these tests. AD-PKD has not been investigated in cats in South Korea. Moreover, this is the first report of AD-PKD in a family unit of Scottish Fold cats.

Estrogen activity of Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Pupa water extract and its fractions

  • Ryu, Jae-Sung;Jo, Gyeong-Jong;Jin, Jung-Woo;Yang, Hyo-Jung;Park, Yong-Il;Na, Ye-Seul;Nam, Kyung-Su;Keum, Kyung-Soo;Choo, Young-Kug
    • Advances in Traditional Medicine
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.228-235
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    • 2008
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the estrogen activity of silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupa extracts and their fractions. Powdered samples of freeze-dried silkworm pupa were extracted at room temperature (RT), $40^{\circ}C$, $60^{\circ}C$, $80^{\circ}C$, and $100^{\circ}C$ in water (D.W), chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol for 6h and then filtered (0.45 um). The extracts were then freeze-dried. The estrogenic activity of these extracts was then investigated by competition binding assays using estrogen receptor ${\alpha}\;(ER{\alpha})$ and $ER{\beta}$, and by evaluating their effects on the proliferation of the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. Among the extracts evaluated, water extracts prepared at RT showed the highest binding affinity to $ER{\alpha}$ ($IC_{50}$, 1.76 ug/ml) and $ER{\beta}$ ($IC_{50}$, 0.07 ug/ml). In addition, MCF-7 cells that were treated with 62.5 ug/ml of the RT extract showed the greatest increase in proliferation (2-fold; 1291.79%) when compared to control cells (659.82%). Next, the water extract that was prepared at RT (sample 1) was dissolved in D.W. and further fractionated using a Dowex 50W - 8X ($H^+$) column. The flow-through and wash were then pooled together and freeze-dried (sample 2). The bound materials were then eluted with 20 mM NaCl, after which they were applied to a Dowex 1X2 - 200 ($Cl^-$) column and washed with D.W. to remove the sodium ions. The eluants were then freeze-dried (sample 3). Of these fractions, sample 2 showed the highest binding affinity to ER{\alpha} ($IC_{50}$, 1.44 ug/ml) and $ER{\beta}$ ($IC_{50}$, 1.18 ug/ml). In addition, MCF-7 cells that were treated with sample 2 (15.6 ug/ml) showed the largest increase in growth (1159.39%) when compared to control cells (525.26%). Taken together, these results suggest that the fraction of the RT water extract of silkworm pupa referred to as sample 2 may be useful as a phytoestrogen.

A Study on the Guided Search Method for Transcoding MPEG2 P frame to H.263 P frame in a Compressed Domain (압축상태에서 MPEG2 P 프레임을 H.263 P 프레임으로 변환하기 위한 가이드 탐색 방법 연구)

  • Um, Sung-Min;Kang, Eui-Seon;Lim, Young-Wan;Hwang, Jae-Gak
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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    • v.9B no.6
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    • pp.745-752
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of the paper is to enable a format transcoding between a heterogeneous compression format in a real time, and to enhance the compression ratio using characteristics of the compressed frame. In this paper, for the heterogeneous format transcoding, we tried to transcode from MPEG2 having a lower compression ratio to H.263 having a higher compression ratio. After analyzing MPEG 2 bit stream and H.263 bit stream of the same original video, we found that the number of intra coded macro blocks in MPEG 2 data is much higher than the number of the intra coded macro blocks in H.263 data. In the process of P frame generation, a intra coded macro block is generated when a motion estimation value representing the similarity between the previous frame and current frame does not meet a threshold. Especially the intra coded macro block has a great impact on the compression ratio. Hence the paper, we tried to minimize the number of intra coded macro blocks in H.263 data stream which is transcoded from MPEG 2 in a compressed domain. For the purpose, we propose a guided search method for transcoding the INTRA coded block into INTER coded block using the information about motion vectors surrounding the intra macro block in order to minimize the complexity of the motion estimation process. The experimental results show that the transcoding of MPEG 2 into H.263 can be done in a real time successfully.

A Comparison of Various Energy and Protein Concentrations in Diets on the Performance, Bone Mineral Density and Blood Characteristics of Broiler Chicks

  • Choe, Ho Sung;Um, Jae Sang;Ryu, Kyeong Seon
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.369-377
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    • 2013
  • Two experiments were conducted separately with different concentration of dietary energy and protein to evaluate the performance, blood characteristics and bone mineral density (BMD) of broiler chicks. In experimentr 1, a total of 480 heads one-day-old Ross ${\times}$ Ross broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 treatments (5 replications; 16 birds/pen). Three concentration of ME (3,000, 3,100 and 3,200 kcal/kg) and two of CP (pre-starter 22, 23%, starter 20, 21% and finisher 18, 19%) in a $3{\times}2$ factorial arrangement of treatments were used. In experiment 2, similar chicks and CP concentration was used but ME concentration was changed (pre-starter; 3,000, 3,050 and 3,100 kcal/kg, starter; 3,050, 3,100 and 3,150 kcal/kg, finisher; 3,100, 3,150 and 3,200 kcal/kg) in the diet. In both experiments, 10 blood and tibia samples were collected per treatment and blood characteristics and BMD were analyzed. In experiment 1, weight gain and feed intake were increased by the 3,000 kcal/kg ME in the diet (P<0.05). Serum total protein and albumin levels were increased numerically with the level of CP in the diet. Total cholesterol and HDL content were increased numerically with the energy content in the diet. Consistently in experiment 2, weight gain was increased numerically by the energy and protein level (prestarter $3,000{\times}23$, starter $3,050{\times}21$ and finisher 3,100 kcal/kg ME and 19% CP) in the diet. Serum glucose level was increased with the energy level in the diet (P<0.05). Therefore, serum total protein, albumin, triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL contents were tended to increase with the energy increments in the diet.

The Characteristic and genesis of Polysequum Soils in Jeju (Polysequum토양(土壤)의 특성(特性) 및 생성(生成)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Shin, Jae-Sung;Jung, Pil-Gyun;Um, Ki-Tae
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.93-98
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    • 1976
  • The present paper is a part of a study aimed at gaining information on the origin, mode of deposition, and characteristics of volcanic soils in Jeju. Volcanic activity of Jeju island has extremely influenced on the formation of various soils. Polysequum phenomenon of soils is one of outstanding soil genesis in Jeju. The typical polysequum soils was collected and analyzed by morphological, physico-chemical, mineralogical and micromorphological approaches The results are as follows: 1. The soils consists of polysequa, A and B horizons from volcanic ashes, unconsolidated volcanic sand layer and B(I) horizons from residual basalts. 2. The lithological discontinuity is also very distinct; silt loam from volcanic ashes, sand (II) from volcanic sand and clayey (III) from basalts. 3. Volcanic sand layer seems to be influenced by lava flow. The properties of it are similar to volcanic ashes rather than beneath residuum in micromorphological aspects. In micromorphological, this layer is gradually changed into soils. 4. Dominant clay minerals are allophane in A and B horizons from volcanic ashes and kaoline, vermiculite and illite from residual basalts. 5. The soils are not developed. There is no formation of argillic horizon in subsurface layers.

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The Study of Effectiveness in a Modified Rib Oblique Projection View Using a Chest Phantom (흉부팬텀을 이용한 변형된 늑골 사방향 검사의 유용성에 관한 연구)

  • Um, Ki-Tae;Lee, Min-Su;Kang, Sung-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.525-532
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    • 2018
  • This study is filmed by applying the axial angle variation of the X-ray tube instead of the patient's position change during the perimetric examination of the ribs. A Reference image with the rib oblique examination using a chest phantom and experimental images applied with a six-phase variation in the axial angle by increasing $5^{\circ}$ tube angle each from $5^{\circ}{\sim}30^{\circ}$ from the vertical incident direction of the chest phantom to the right horizontal axis were obtained. For the quantitative comparative evaluation of the images, SNR and CNR were calculated for regions of interest in the experimental images based on the reference image. Also, the left-right rib ratio in the reference image and the left-right rib ratio in the experimental images are measured and compared. As a result of the study, the experimental images with a tube angle of $25^{\circ}$ were best shown in the measurements of the SNR, CNR and left-right rib ratio compared to the reference image with a standard examination method. The modified rib examinations will consider useful, if it is difficult to maintain the patient's examination position.