• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.187-190
• /
• 1993

A study was conducted to compare and determine the incidence of ultrastructural alterations in the testes of Philippine carabaos and crossbred buffaloes. Thirteen Philippine carabao bulls and twenty five crossbred male buffaloes were used in this study. Testicular biopsy was used to get tissue samples which were prepared for histologic evaluation using the electron microscopy method. There was no significant difference in Sertoli cell alterations between Philippine carabaos and crossbred buffaloes. However, more crossbred buffaloes (40%) had both Sertoli cell and spermatogenic cell alterations which were significantly higher compared to the 7.7% occurrence in Philippine carabaos. Sertoli cells of crossbred buffaloes exhibited intracavitary structures and exaggerated infoldings of the nuclear envelope (36%), nuclear bleb (16%), and intracytoplasmic vacuolations (16%). Philippine carabaos exhibited few ultrastructural alterations which were mainly intracytoplasmic vacuolations in Sertoli cells (15%).

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제10권1_2호
• /
• pp.53-76
• /
• 1980

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.257-270
• /
• 2019

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely used in a variety of applications in innovative development; consequently, people are more exposed to this particle. Growing concern about toxicity from AgNP exposure has attracted greater attention, while questions about nanosilver-responsive genes and consequences for human health remain unanswered. By considering early detection and prevention of nanotoxicology at the genetic level, this study aimed to identify 1) changes in gene expression levels that could be potential indicators for AgNP toxicity and 2) morphological phenotypes correlating to toxicity of HepG2 cells. To detect possible nanosilver-responsive genes in xenogenic targeted organs, a comprehensive systematic literature review of changes in gene expression in HepG2 cells after AgNP exposure and in silico method, connection up- and down-regulation expression analysis of microarrays (CU-DREAM), were performed. In addition, cells were extracted and processed for transmission electron microscopy to examine ultrastructural alterations. From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Series database, we selected genes that were up- and down-regulated in AgNPs, but not up- and down-regulated in silver ion exposed cells, as nanosilver-responsive genes. HepG2 cells in the AgNP-treated group showed distinct ultrastructural alterations. Our results suggested potential representative gene data after AgNPs exposure provide insight into assessment and prediction of toxicity from nanosilver exposure.

• 한국동물학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.351-357
• /
• 1989

To investigate the effect of alcohol on the ultrastructural changes of liver the experiment was undertaken by dividing in 3 groups (control, alcohol and alcohol-camitine groups). Chronic administration of ethanol to adult rats led to striking fat accumulation and ultrastructural changes in the liver. Mitochondrial abnormalities. dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, focal cytoplasmic degradation, dilation of bile canalicli and swelling of nucleus were observed. In alcohol-carnitine group, there were less fat accumulation and ultrastructural changes than alcohol group. These alterations suggest that ethanol is very toxic to the liver and carnitine prevents fat accumulation induced by alcohol. 알콜이 흰쥐 간장의 미세구조에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기위해 대조군, 알콜 처리군, 알콜-carnitine처리군으로 나누어 실험하였다. 만성적인 알콜 투여는 간에서의 지방축적을 유발하였으며 미토콘드리아의 이상, 소포체의 팽대, 세포질의 손상 Bile canaliculi의 확장 및 핵의 수축 등의 미세구조적 변화를 가져왔다. 알롤- carnitine으로 처리한 군에서는 지방의 축적과 미세구조의 변화가 알콜 처리군에서 보다는 약하였다. 이러한 구조적 변화는 알콜이 간에 매우유독하며 carnitine은 알콜에 의해 유발된 지방의 축적을 방지해 보여주는 것으로 사료된다.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.207-219
• /
• 1996

This study was designed to investigate the ultrastructural alterations of the hepatocyte and bile canaliculus of the fasted mice with transmission and scanning electron microscopes. The morphometry was also carried out for the caliber of the bile canaliculus and the number, length and thickness of the microvillus. The hepatocyte observed in the three day fasting group showed ultrastructural images of active function. The dilated bile canaliculi, especially of type II were increased in number as compared with those seen in the normal group. However, the hepatocyte observed in the six day fasting group showed ultrastructural images of inactive function. The bile canaliculi without dilation (type I) were increased in number. The number of microvilli were identical with one another among the different types of bile canaliculi, while their length and thickness were reduced in the dilated bile canaliculi. From the evidence, the luminal size of the bile canaliculi seems to be easily changeable according to the functional state of the hepatocyte. However, the microvilli may not be changed in number but may be changed length and thickness when the bile canaliculi are dilated.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2000

플라스틱 제품의 가소제 성분으로 쓰여지며, 내분비 교란물질로 알려져 있는 di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)가 흰쥐 부속생식선의 발달에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여, 미성숙한 상태의 웅성 흰쥐에 DEHP(1g/kg/day, 2g/kg/day, 3g/kg/day)를 15일간 구강으로 삽관 투여한 후, 저정낭 상피세포들을 중심으로 광학 및 전자 현미경적 관찰을 실시하였다. DEHP 투여에 의한 광학현미경적 변화로서는 분비선의 크기와 상피층의 두께가 감소하고, 강소 주변부위에서 교원섬유를 비롯한 결합조직 성분들이 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 저정낭 분비세포들의 미세구조를 보면, 원주형의 대조군 세포들내 전자밀도가 높은 분비과립들은 소포내 가장자리에 치우쳐 있었고, 세포질내에서 조면소포체와 골지복합체가 잘 발달하였으며, 다수의 미세융모들이 존재하고 있었다. DEHP 1g을 처리한 실험군에서 분비세포들의 미세구조상의 뚜렷한 변화는 관찰되지 않았으나, 미세융모와 분비소포의 분포가 다소 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 2g을 처리한 실험군에서는 분비세포의 세포질이 감소하여 세포의 형태가 원주형에서 입방형으로 변화되었으며, 핵막이 불규칙한 모습을 보였고, 조면소포체의 발달이 미흡하였으며, 분비소포의 수도 크게 감소하였다. 3g을 처리한 실험군에서는 세포소기관들의 미세구조가 뚜렷한 변화를 나타냈다. 핵내 이질염색질이 크게 증가하였고, 세포질내에서 분비소포를 거의 관찰할 수 없었으며, 2차 리소솜이나 공포들도 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상과 같이, DEHP는 저정낭내 분비세포들의 분화 및 기능을 농도 의존적으로 억제하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 저해작용은 DEHP에 의한 테스토스테론의 농도 감소와 연관이 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국현미경학회 1994년도 제25회 학술대회 연제 초록
• /
• pp.21-21
• /
• 1994

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.147-154
• /
• 2003

To develop fast and sensitive biomarkers for metal exposures in Antarctic marine organisms we examined histological alterations of an Antarctic sentinel bivalve species Laternula elliptica following a short-term exposure to a sublethal-level of Cd. Distinct histological alterations of tissues and cells of the gills, kidneys, and digestive glands were observed after 8-to 16-hours of exposure to Cd while an increase of Cd concentrations in tissues was not detectable. Most alterations were highly localized in the epithelium of the three tissues; epithelia were found to be detached from the remaining tissue parts. In addition ultra-structural changes such as cytosolic vacuolization, dilation of nucleus and rER membranes were detected in all three tissues, which suggested that the clams are subject to sublethal stresses. Thus, histological and ultrastructural changes on localized tissue parts were rapid and sensitive, suggesting that they may serve biomarkers for Cd exposures. Linkages between the shown ulrastructural changes and higher biological organization level responses are to be established by longer-term exposure experiments.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제51권
• /
• pp.20.1-20.12
• /
• 2021

We explored the link between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial morphology using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in lymphoblasts of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients and compared these characteristics between tumors and control samples. Gene expression of mitochondrial biogenesis markers was analysed in 23 ALL patients and 18 controls and TEM for morphology analysis was done in 15 ALL patients and 9 healthy controls. The area occupied by mitochondria per cell and the cristae cross-sectional area was observed to be significantly higher in patients than in controls (p-value=0.0468 and p-value<0.0001, respectively). The mtDNA copy numbers, TFAM, POLG, and c-myc gene expression were significantly higher in ALL patients than controls (all p-values<0.01). Gene Expression of PGC-1α was higher in tumor samples. The analysis of the correlation between PGC-1α expression and morphology parameters i.e., both M/C ratio and cristae cross-sectional area revealed a positive trend (r=0.3, p=0.1). The increased area occupied by mitochondria and increased cristae area support the occurrence of cristae remodelling in ALL. These changes might reflect alterations in cristae dynamics to support the metabolic state of the cells by forming a more condensed network. Ultrastructural imaging can be useful for affirming changes occurring at a subcellular organellar level.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.179-185
• /
• 2012

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Neuropathological hallmarks of AD are amyloid plaques, dystrophic neurite, and alteration of subcellular organelles. However, the morpho-functional study of this degenerative process and ultimate neuronal death remains poorly elucidated. In this study, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses were performed to clarify the abnormal morphological alterations caused by the progression of AD in APP/PSEN1 transgenic mice, express human amyloid precursor protein, as a model for AD. In transgenic AD mice brain, the accumulation of Amyloid ${\beta}$ plaques and well-developed dystrophic neurites containing anti-LC3 antibody-positive autophagosomes were detected in the hippocampus and cortex regions. We also found severe disruption of mitochondrial cristae using high-voltage electron microscopy and three-dimensional electron tomography (3D tomography). These results provide morpho-functional evidence on the alteration of subcellular organelles in AD and may help in the investigation of the pathogenesis of AD.