• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.946-951
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• 2014

Melanin plays a key role in the protection of skin from ultraviolet light that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. However, the ROS leading to the oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA are involved in the overproduction of melanin that is known to cause melasma, age spots and freckles. Among the herb medicines, Ulmus macrocarpa used in this study was reported to contain flavonoids as a main component. The aim of this study is to investigate the whitening and anti-oxidant effects of Ulmus macrocarpa ethanolic extracts (UMEE) in B16F1 cells. UMEE below $3.12{\mu}g/ml$ did not show cytotoxicity. In an anti-oxidant experiment, UMEE showed not only high reducing power and scavenging activity on DPPH, but it was also observed that UMEE exhibit an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. UMEE did not display an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity in vitro. However, UMEE inhibited melanin synthesis in B16F1 cells. In addition, UMEE reduced the expression levels of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2), which are key enzymes in melanogenesis. These results indicate that UMEE exert a whitening effect through the inhibition of both tyrosinase and TRP-2 expressions as well as anti-oxidant activity, suggesting that UMEE could have the functional potential for a whitening effect on the skin.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.241-251
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• 2020

This study was performed to develop the cosmetics containing extract of U.davidiana, which has been confirmed as a functional ingredient of anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, and also to evaluate the improvement effects of dry and sensitive skin such as atopic dermatitis. Toxicity tests of the Ulmus davidiana supercritical fluid residue 60% EtOH extracts(USCFR), Ulmus davidiana supercritical fluid extracts(USCF) and preliminary formulations, DKBP-1903(gel), containing the USCFR and USCF were determined to be 'Non-toxic'. Based on this, the stability test of the lotion, cream, gel formulation was conducted and the results showed that cream and gel formulation were stable. A 48-hour moisturizing sustainability test and the improvement test on the pruritus caused by dryness were selected for the cosmetic efficacy test to evaluate the improvement of atopic dermatitis and as a result both cream and gel have been found to be relatively safe moisturizers that can help dry and sensitive skin.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

The pollen analysis on the deposits of the lower marine terrace I of the estimated paleoshoreline height of 18m was performed in order to estimate the formation age of this terrace developed at the Sanha-dong coast, Ulsan, southeastern coast of the Korean peninsula. The pollen assemblage of the peat layer of SH-1 pollen zone (Quercus-Ulmus/Zelkova zone), lying directly on the marine rounded pebble layer of this terrace, shows that the climatic environment of the deposition period of SH-1 pollen zone was almost similar to that of the Postglacial climatic optimum period, but slightly cooler than that of the late warm stage of Last Interglacial(MIS 5a) in the eastern coast of Korea. This heightens the possibility that the deposition period of the marine rounded pebble layer which was covered by the above SH-1 peat layer is the MIS 5e which has been estimated by a previous study of the sedimentary facies of this terrace deposits (Choi, 2016). The pollen assemblage of SH-2 pollen zone (Pinus-Quercus zone) shows that the climate of this period was almost similar to that of the late Postglacial, but slightly cooler than that of the period of SH-1 pollen zone. This means that the climate around the Sanha-dong was still warmer in the deposition period of the peat layer of SH-2 pollen zone. Thus, the peat layer of SH-2 pollen zone was considered to have been deposited during the period from the early regression stage of the MIS 5d which is the estimated final stage in the deposition period of the above peat layer of SH-1 pollen zone to any stage in which the warmer environment of MIS 5 has still lasted. The humic silt layer of SH-3 pollen zone (Pinus-Ulmus/Zelkova-Abies zone) is assumed to have been deposited during the interstadial of the Last Glacial (MIS 3).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 2021

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is widely used in cancer and lymphoma treatments and as an immunosuppressant drug. CP is a DNA alkylating agent that metabolizes into 4-hydrocyclophosphamide (4H-CYP) and aldophosphamide in hepatocytes. However, its metabolites cause DNA synthesis disorder, leading to apoptosis and toxic side effects. The development of technology to minimize this side effect is essential to improve CP's clinical application. Various bioactive compounds have been reported to have anti-cancer and antioxidant functions and preventive or therapeutic roles in metabolic diseases. Many researchers have attempted to minimize the side effects and improve the efficacy of these drugs together with the use of bioactive compounds. Ulmus macrocarpa Hance has been used for the treatment of edema, mastitis, stomach pain, tumors, cystitis, and other inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate at the histological level the protective function of U. macrocarpa Hance against CP's side effects and any potential toxic effect of U. macrocarpa Hance in the liver and kidney. Water extracts of U. macrocarpa Hance reduced CP-induced toxicity and did not induce any histological damage in the liver and kidney. Therefore, U. macrocarpa Hance would be applicable in the pharmaceutical industry.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.856-867
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• 2023

Due to the increase in fine dust caused by environmental pollution, oxidative damage and aging of the skin are accelerated. In this study, the antioxidant, hyaluronic acid, filaggrin, MMP-1, and ROS level of selected herbal extracts were evaluated to confirm the protective efficacy of keratinocytes treated PM10. As a result, the antioxidant capacity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS), and FRAP assay increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Keratinocytes the group treated with 300 ㎍/ml of PM10, hyaluronic acid and filaggrin decreased by more than 50%, and increased in the group treated with extracts of Alpinia officinarum, Ulmus macrocarpa, and Ulmus macrocarpa but decreased when the extract was treated, which is evaluated as inhibiting the degradation of collagen and elastin. In addition, in the case of ROS measurement using zebrafish embryos, it was confirmed that the extract was reduced when the extract was treated 25 ㎍/ml, the intensity of fluorescence similar to the negative control was shown, confirming that the production of ROS was significantly reduced. Through this study, the selected oriental medicinal materials, Alpinia officinarum, Ulmus macrocarpa, and Ulmus macrocarpa, protect the skin from fine dust. It is thought that it can be used as an anti-aging product for skin improvement as a material that can be improved or improved.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.119-127
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• 2008

목적 : 골관절염치료에 빈용되는 유근피 약침액의 처치가 생쥐의 파골세포에 있어서 골재흡수의 저해에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다 방법 : 생쥐에게 유근피 약침액을 두개골 세포에 전, 후 처치하여 골재흡수에 대한 유근피 약침액의 억제 활성능을 검토하였다. 결론 : 염증성 cytokine 중 $IL-1{\beta}$ 유도인자인 PGE와 LPS처리로 $IL-1{\beta}$생성이 증가되었으나, 유근피 약침액 처치군은 이를 억제하였다. 유근피 약침액 전처리군에서도 $IL-1{\beta}$ 생성이 억제되었다. 유근피 약침액 처치군은 PGE2유발 $IL-1{\beta}$ 전사를 억제하였으며, PGE2 유발 $IL-1{\beta}$ 유도는 cAMP antagonist인 Rp-cAMP와 protein kinase A(PKA)저해제에 의해서도 억제되어 $IL-1{\beta}$ 발현에 cAMP, PKA 신호전달경로가 관여함을 시사하였다. 본 연구에서 유근피 약침액은 강한 항 관절염효과와 골재흡수 저해 활성이 있으며, 관절염 치료, 예방에 유의함을 밝힌 것으로 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.446-457
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• 2015

최근 식품에 첨가하는 합성 항산화제가 생체효소의 활성을 억제하고, 암을 유발시키는 등의 안정성에 문제가 되는 것으로 보고되면서 천연 식물자원으로부터의 항산화 물질을 개발하고자 하는 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 느릅나무의 껍질인 유근피는 항산화 효과가 매우 우수한 것으로 보고되고 있어서, 천연 항산화제로 유근피 에탄올 추출물을 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2%로 약과에 첨가하여 합성 항산화제인 BHT와 천연 항산화제인 L-ascorbic acid를 0.02%로 첨가한 약과와 저장기간에 따른 품질특성과 지질산패 정도를 비교하였다. 유근피의 첨가량이 증가할수록 산패취와 경도는 감소하였고, 반면에 수분활성도, 팽화도, 관능평가 등은 증가하였다. 특히 유근피를 첨가함에 따라 약과의 명도가 감소한 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 약과의 메일라드 반응에 의한 갈색물질인 멜라노이딘류의 생성 때문으로 추정된다. 또한 약과의 저장 기간이 증가함에 따라서 경도, 색도, 산패취 등이 증가하였고, 반면에 수분활성도와 팽화도, 색, 맛, 조직감, 전반적인 기호도 등의 관능적 특성은 감소하였다. 유근피가 약과의 저장성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해서 산가와 과산화물가를 측정하여 실험한 결과, 유근피를 첨가한 약과는 첨가하지 않은 약과에 비해서 지질산화가 적게 일어나, 약과의 저장성을 증가시켜 주는 것으로 나타났다. 관능적인 특성을 비롯한 품질특성과 지질산패 정도를 평가한 결과, 유근피 추출물을 0.1% 첨가한 약과가 가장 좋을 것으로 평가되었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.237-249
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• 2004

유근피는 혈액청정작용과 혈액순환에 영향을 주는 성분으로서 골 손상의 처방전으로 자주 사용된다. 현재까지 유근피가 골재형성에 미치는 영향은 약리학적으로 불확실하였다. 이에 저자들은 본 연구에서 유근피를 약침액으로 제조하여 유근피 약침액이 골세포에 미치는 영향을 in vitro에서 연구하였다. 방법으로 인체의 골아전구세포osteoprecursor cells (OPC-1)를 각각의 다른 유근피 농도를 함유한 매체내에서 부화시키고 그에 따른 세포증식을 연구하였으며, 유근피 약침액의 농도가 $100{\mu}g/ml$ 미만이었을 때 OPC-1의 증식량은 증가되었다. 그러나 농도가 $180{\mu}g/ml$을 초과하였을 때는 약물의 독성에 의해서 OPC-1의 증식량이 확연히 억제되었다. 대부분의 처치에서 세포들이 cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox 2) 단백질에 대해서 매우 명백한 발현을 보여줬다. 배양과정 중에 유근피 약침액 농도 최소치인 $1.0{\mu}g/ml$에서 최대치인 $500{\mu}g/ml$까지 경미하게 강화된 띠를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 실험의 결과로 볼 때 유근피 약침액은 골세포의 증식활동, alkaline phosphatse(ALP) 활동 및 total protein 분비의 증가와 골세포내에서의 농도의존적 약침액 투여량에 따른 OPC-1의 독특한 type I collagen 합성에 직접적인 억제작용을 주는 것을 관찰할 수 있으므로 추후 이와 유사한 실험을 통한 보다 발전적인 연구가 이루어져야 한다고 사료되었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.173-176
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• 1982

The amino acids in the mucilage and its hydrolyzed products from Ulmus coreana, Nakai root were detected by thin layer chromatography. The mucilage contained 10 kinds of amino acids; alanine, aspartic acid, glutamine, glutamic acid, hydroxyproline, isoleucine, leucine, proline, phenylalanine and tyrosine. In the hydrolyzed mucilage 14 kinds of amino acids were detected; alanine, aspargine, arpartic acid, glutamine, glutamic acid, hydroxyproline, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, proline, phenylalanine, serine, tyrosine and valine.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.135-139
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• 2017

BACKGROUND: Identification and characterization of endophytic yeasts inhabiting the roots of Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. and Quercus salicina Blume require biotechnological and culture-based techniques. METHODS AND RESULTS: Homogenized U. parvifolia and Q. salicina root samples were spread onto four types of agar medium containing ancgtibiotics, L-sorbose, and Triton X-100. In total, 25 yeast strains were isolated and subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on their internal transcribed spacer region sequences. The results revealed that the yeast genera Cyberlindnera (12 isolates) and Cryptococcus (1 isolate) were associated with roots of U. parvifolia; and the genera Rhodotorula (8 isolates), Trichosporon (3 isolates), and Kluyveromyces (1 isolate) were associated with roots of Q. salicina. Additionally, a Kluyveromyces isolate produced a detectable level of bioethanol. The yeast strains reported herein may be used in industrial production of biosurfactants and bioethanol. CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed that the endophytic yeast genera Cyberlindnera and Cryptococcus predominated in roots of U. parvifolia; and the genera Rhodotorula (8 isolates), Trichosporon (3 isolates), and Kluyveromyces (1 isolate) predominated in roots of Q. salicina. Additionally, Kluyveromyces isolates produced a detectable level of bioethanol.