• Mycobiology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.178-183
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• 2017

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder which affects millions of population worldwide. Global estimates published in 2010 reported the world diabetic prevalence as 6.4%, affecting 285 million adults. Foot ulceration and wound infection are major forms of disabilities arising from diabetic diseases. This study was aimed to develop a natural antimicrobial finishing on medical grade textile that meets American Association of Textiles Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) standard. The textile samples were finished with the ethanolic extract of Penicillium amestolkiae elv609, an endophytic fungus isolated from Orthosiphon stamineus Benth (common name: cat's whiskers). Endophyte is defined as microorganism that reside in the living plant tissue, without causing apparent disease symptom to the host. The antimicrobial efficacy of the ethanolic extract of P. minioluteum was tested on clinical pathogens isolated from diabetic wound. The extract exhibited significant inhibitory activity against 4 bacteria and 1 yeast with the minimal inhibitory concentration ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL. The results indicate different susceptibility levels of the test microorganism to the ethanolic extract. However, the killing activity of the extract was concentration-dependent. The finished medical textile showed excellent antimicrobial efficacy on AATCC test assays. All the microbial cultures treated with the textile sample displayed a growth reduction of 99.9% on Hoheinstein Challenge Test. The wash durability of the finished textile was found good even after 50 washes with commercial detergent. Besides, the gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis showed that 6-octadecenoic acid and diethyl phthalate were the main bioactive constituents of the extract. In conclusion, the developed medical textile showed good antimicrobial efficacy on laboratory tests. This work can be extended to in vivo trials for developing healthcare textile products for antimicrobial applications.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.306-310
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• 2009

Mass mortality was occurred in adult koi carp(Cyprinus carpio) at a private pond near Samchunpo city in the early November, 2007. Its water temperature was $11^{\circ}C$ and turbidity was very high. The fishes diseased were shown widely distributed hemorrhages, deep ulcerations on the whole body surface and severe erosions in the all fins. In necropsy, excess ascitic fluid was observed and spleen and kidney affected were enlarged. In microscopic observation, it was examined widely distributed severe dermal ulceration, multifocal gill lamella hyperplasia, severe fibrinous pericarditis, multifocal nephritis and hepatitis. The bacteria suspected were isolated using tryptone soya agar and identified as motile Aeromonas hydrophila as results of biochemical tests using API 20E and 20NE. According to previous reports, A. hydrophila infection were mainly occurred in fingerling at high temperature. However, this case exhibited that A. hydrophila infection can develop on adult koi carp even in the winter season.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.413-420
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• 2002

Mercury is one of the most frequently used heavy metal in dental clinic. Mercury poisoning rises up when someone is exposed to mercury chronically. In 1818, Amalgam was used for dental restorative procedure, and after then study about mercury toxicity has begun. Clinical signs of mercury toxicity in oral & maxillofacial area were increases of salivation, metallic taste, swelling and pain of tongue, redness and ulceration of oral mucosa, and increased mobility and loss of teeth. After we injected mercury($HgCl_{2}$) into intraperitoneum of rat, studied about histopathological changes of submandibular gland cell. Experimental group was divided into two groups by amount of mercury. (Group 1 was 0.5mg/Kg of mercury injection, group 2 was 1.0mg/Kg of mercury injection.) 1. After 3days of intraperitoneal injection, black granules were observed at macrophage cell in both group. In group 2, author found hyperchromatism of nucleus, and vacuolization of cellular matrix and nucleus of acinar cell. 2. After 1week of intraperitoneal injection, author found severe vacuolization of nucleus and cellular matrix, and irregular granules around nuclear membrane at mucous cell and serous cell in both group. Vacuolization of nucleus and cellular matrix was seen at duct cell in group 2. 3. After 2weeks of intraperitoneal injection, author could found severe vacuolization of cellular matrix, and sometimes nucleus was positioned in central area of cellular matrix at mucous and serous cell in both group. Vacuolization of nucleus and cellular matrix was found at vascular endothelial cell in group 2. 4. After 4weeks of intraperitoneal injection, destruction and distortion of gland cells were distinct. Vacuolization and destruction of nucleus and cellular matrix was found at duct cell in group 2. After intraperitoneal injection of mercury, we found equanimity of mercury and destruction of cellular matrix at serous cell, mucous cell, and duct cell of submandibular gland. So, we thought that metallic taste of mercury poisoning patient would be due to excretion of saliva containing mercury.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2006

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis(NUG), necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis(NUP), necrotizing stomatitis (NS), and Noma (cnacrum oris) are rapidly destructive debilitating and potentially serious oral infection which considered to be different clinical stages of the same process. These have been collectively referred to as: Vincent's infection, infectious oral necrosis, or necrotizing gingivostomatitis(NG). Prevalence of necrotizing gingivostomatitis is $0.19{\sim}0.5%$ and peak incidence is 2-6 years of age. The etiology and pathogenesis of necrotizing gingivostomatitis have been associated with virulent bacteria and impaired host defense and the primary diagnostic signs are pain, interdental ulceration or necrosis, and gingival bleeding. Secondary diagnostic sign is pseudomembrane. This case report was about oral conditions and treatment of the patient who referred from the Dept. of PED and diagnosed a necorotizing gingivostomatitis.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1997

In the southern sea of Korea, the culturing Rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus, ranging from 16.3 to 20.1cm in body length were sampled to examine how serious parasitic infection is. As a result, they were infected with 10 to 31 individuals of Monogenea, Benedenia sp. The parasitic sites of fish body was trunk (81.8%), caudal peduncle (16.5%) and the other portion (1.6%), and where ulceration and bleeding were observed with a large amount of muscus. When the treatment with formalin and freshwater were performed to get rid of the parasite, they were exterminated after 8 and 20 minutes in 100% and 70% freshwater, respectively and were killed after 10, 15 and 20 mimutes in the seawater added with formalin to be 250 ppm, 200 ppm and 150 ppm, 200 ppm and 150 ppm, respectively. During the treatment for parasite extermination, the fish showing a serious illness were dead in the 100% freshwater, whereas toxicity caused by formalin treatment was not detected in this study. The former is probably due to failure in the osmotic regulation of Rock bream.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.185-193
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• 1992

The calcifying odontogenic cyst was identified as a pathological entity by Gorlin & his associates in 1962. This lesion is one of the rarest and most disputable cysts in the oral region. The calcifying odontogenic cyst has variable clinical and radiological features. We review the previous literatures and report 2 cases of calcifying odontogenic cyst at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyung-Hee University. The 1st case was as follows. The patient vas 22 year old female. The past dental history revealed extraction of prolonged retained #73 tooth about 15days ago. She complained a painful swelling on the lower anterior teeth area. There were chin and vestibular swelling on the lower anterior teeth area, tenderness and missing of #33 tooth. The radiograph revealed well-demarcated unilocular radiolucency containing radiopaque calcific flecks around impacted #33 tooth. The clinical diagnosis was COC, so surgical enucleation was done. There was no recurrence and COC was confirmed by pathologist. The second case was as follows. The patient was 72 year old male. The past history revealed inactive tuberculosis, bronchial asthma and denture construction. The chief complaint was rapidly growing mass on the lower left anterior edentulous area. The clinical findings were chin swelling protruding mass with surface ulceration, fluctuation and a few bloody fluid in aspiration. The radiograph revealed well-demarcated radiolucency mimiking the residual cyst. The biopsy result was COC. The surgical excision was done, but the lesion was recurred 10 months later. The treatment was surgical excision with aggressive peripheral bone grinding and FTSG form groin area. There was no problem during the postoperative period.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

In order to verify the effects of Dioscorea Rhizoma on gastrointestinal damages, we investigated the protective role of the crude extracts on induced gastric ulceration in rats. Rats administered of Dioscorea Rhizoma extracts showed gradually decreased congestion and hemorrhage, but control group did not show any symptom in gastric tissue. Moreover, Dioscorea Rhizoma extract had a role in lowering gastrin and histamine levels in gastric ulcer rats, thereby inhibiting the gastric tissue damages. Excessive production of malondialdehyde shown in gastric ulcer rats was declined in all rats administered with Dioscorea Rhizoma extract as well as the levels of SOD and GPX surged by acute gastric ulcer. Also, the increased activity of CAT showed an effect in activation of antioxidant enzyme to normal state. All data suggest that Dioscorea Rhizoma extract was verified to be highly effective resource in improving the gastrointestinal function of rats by preventing from gastric tissue damage in acute gastric ulcer and restoring the activities of plasma substances and antioxidant enzymes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.531-536
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• 1998

We had previously reported that the protective effect of taurine against indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury was due to its antioxidant effects, which inhibited lipid peroxidation and neutrophil activation. In this study, we examined the effect of taurine on reducing the inflammatory parameters of trintrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats. In order to induce IBD, ethanolic TNBS was given to rats intracolonically. Then they received 500 mg/kg.day of taurine orally and were sacrificed one week after IBD induction. While ulceration and inflammation of distal colon with formation of granuloma in the vehicle-treated IBD rats two days after administration of TNBS were observed, treatment with taurine ameliorated colonic damage and decreased the incidence of diarrhea and adhesion. also, colon weight as an index of tissue edema, which was mardedly increased in the IBD rats, became significantly lower after administration of TNBS were observed, treatment with taurine ameliorated colonic damage and decreased the incidence of diarrhea and adhesion. Also colon weitht as an index of tissue edema, which was markedly increased in the IBD rats, became significantly lower after taruine treatment. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the vehicle-treated IBD rats was substantially increased, compared with that of normal control. the taurine-treated animals significantly reduced MPO activity (35% lower) when compared with that of the vehicle-treated animals. Taurine treatment decreased both basal and formyl-methionyl leucyl phenylalanine-stimulated reactive oxygen generation from colonic tissue in the IBD rats. These results suggest that the administration of taurine reduce the inflammatory parameters in this IBD rat model by increasing defending capacity against oxidative damage.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.19-32
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• 2005

Objectives : to evaluate the analgesic effect of bee venom acupuncture on Choksamni (ST36) in the collagen-induced arthritis rats and investigate the role played by serotonergic receptor subtypes (5-HT1a, 5-HT2a) in the antinociceptive effect of bee venom acupuncture in a thermal hyperalgesia test Methods : Experiments were performed on 5 week-aged 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats according to National Institute of Health guidelines and the ethical guidelines of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP). Arthritis was induced with arthrogenic collagen emulsion (Bovine type II collagen ${\mu}g$ with incomplete Freund's adjuvant $100\;{\mu}g$). The onset of arthritis was considered to be present when erythema and swelling were detected in at least one joint. The thermal hyperalgesia was evaluated weekly with tail flick test in the rats of severity grade 3 without any injury at tail and foot (including inflammation, ulceration, snap). In the fourth week after first immunization, the analgesic effect of bee venom acupuncture (Choksamni, ST36) was measured with consecutive tail flick latency after intraperitoneal injection of spiroxatrine (1mg/kg) and spiperone (1mg/kg). Results : Chronic inflammatory pain was induced as time elapsed after the immunization of arthrogenic collagen and the maximum value was reached from third to fifth week. Chronic inflammatory pain induced by CIA was inhibited by bee venom acupuncture on the left ST36. The analgesic effect of bee venom acupuncture was inhibited by intraperitoneal injection of 5-HT1a antagonist spiroxatrine and 5-HT2a antagonist spiperone. Conclusions : Therefore, a conclusion. that the analgesic effect of bee venom acupuncture in the chronic inflammatory pain is partially mediated by 5-HT1a and 5-HT2a receptors can be made.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.338-341
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• 2015

Necrotizing sialometaplasia usually heals within 4 to 10 weeks with conservative treatment, and rarely recurs. When necrotizing sialometaplasia is present on the hard palate it may occur unilaterally or bilaterally. In this case, necrotizing ulceration occurred on the left hard palate of a 36-year-old woman after root canal treatment of the upper left first premolar under local anesthesia. After only saline irrigation the defect of the lesion completely healed and filled with soft tissue. After 5 months, however, a similar focal necrosis was found on the contralateral hard palate without any dental treatment having been performed on that side and progressed in similar fashion as the former lesion. We conducted an incisional biopsy and obtained a final pathological diagnosis for the palatal mass of necrotizing sialometaplasia. At the 3-year follow-up, the patient's oral mucosa of the hard palate was normal, without any signs and symptoms of the condition. We report a case of a second occurrence of necrotizing sialometaplasia on the contralateral side from the first, with a time lapse between the first and second occurrence.