• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.373-379
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• 2009

5-Hydroxyuridine (5-OHU) is a major lesion of uridine and cytosine produced in RNA by various chemical oxidants. To elucidate its biochemical and biophysical effects on RNA replication, the site-specifically modified oligoribonucleotides containing 5-OHU were synthesized with C5-hydroxy-5'-ODMTr-2'-TBDMS-uridine phosphoramidite using automated solid phase synthesis. The base-pairing properties of nucleotides opposite 5-OHU in 24 mer oligoribonulcleotides with dNTP were studied using three reverse transcriptases (Super-$Script^{TM}II$-, AMV-, MMLV-RT) in cDNA synthesis. Adenine as well as guanine was incorporated preferentially by all reverse transcriptases. In the UV-melting temperature experiment, the results from the relative stabilities of the base pairs were A : 5-OHU > G : 5-OHU > T : 5-OHU $\approx$ C : 5-OHU. Circular Dichroism (CD) studies showed that DNA-RNA containing 5- OHU heteroduplexes exhibit a similar conformation between the A-type RNA and B-type DNA. These results suggest that 5- OHU from oxidative damage was mainly influenced by adenine mismatch.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1031-1038
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• 2012

Background: Turmeric ($Curcuma$ $longa$) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor properties. However, despite the progress in research with $C.$ $longa$, there is still a big lacuna in the information on the active principles and their molecular targets. More particularly very little is known about the role of cell cycle genes $p57^{kip2}$ and Rad9 during chemoprevention by turmeric and its derivatives especially in prostate cancer cell lines. Methods: Accordingly, in this study, we have examined the antitumor effect of several extracts of $C.$ $longa$ rhizomes by successive fractionation in clonogenic assays using highly metastatic PC-3M prostate cancer cell line. Results: A mixture of isopropyl alcohol: acetone: water: chloroform: and methanol extract of $C.$ $longa$ showed significant bioactivity. Further partition of this extract showed that bioactivity resides in the dichloromethane soluble fraction. Column chromatography of this fraction showed presence of biological activity only in ethyl acetate eluted fraction. HPLC, UV-Vis and Mass spectra studies showed presence three curcuminoids in this fraction besides few unidentified components. Conclusions: From these observations it was concluded that the ethyl acetate fraction showed not only inhibition of colony forming ability of PC-3M cells but also up-regulated cell cycle genes $p57^{kip2}$ and Rad9 and further reduced the migration and invasive ability of prostate cancer cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2015

GAM-1 and GAM-2, two themostable glucoamylases from Aspergillus niger B-30, possess different molecular masses, glycosylation, and thermal stability. In the present study, the effects of additives on the thermal inactivation of GAM-1 and GAM-2 were investigated. The half-lives of GAM-1 and GAM-2 at 70℃ were 45 and 216 min, respectively. Data obtained from fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, UV absorption spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering demonstrated that during the thermal inactivation progress, combined with the loss of the helical structure and a majority of the tertiary structure, tryptophan residues were partially exposed and further led to glucoamylases aggregating. The thermal stability of GAM-1 and GAM-2 was largely improved in the presence of sorbitol and trehalose. Results from spectroscopy and Native-PAGE confirmed that sorbitol and trehalose maintained the native state of glucoamylases and prevented their thermal aggregation. The loss of hydrophobic bonding and helical structure was responsible for the decrease of glucoamylase activity. Additionally, sorbitol and trehalose significantly increased the substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency of the two glucoamylases. Our results display an insight into the thermal inactivation of glucoamylases and provide an important base for industrial applications of the thermally stable glucoamylases.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 1990

For interspecific portoplast fusion, Brevibacterium flauum lOAHR (Rifr axg his) and Corynebacterium glutamicum 11TS ($Sm-r$ trp) were induced by UV and NTG treatment. The protoplast fusion frequency between E. flavum XOAHR and C. glutamicum llTS was $3.7\times 10^{-6}$ with the lysozyme treatment (300 P $\mu g$ml) for 18 hrs. Genotypes of recombinants were analized as FMM ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$), FA (Rift $Sm^r$ arg), FH ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ his), FT ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ trp), FAH ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ arg trp), FAT ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ arg trp), and FAHT ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ arg his trp). FAH 1 produced 12 fold of glutamate production compared to parental type, E. flauum 10AHR. In glutamine productivity, it produced 2.6 fold to parental type, C. glutamicum 11TS. Production of glutamate or glutamine by recombinants was involved in the specific activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and glutamine synthetase (GS), respectively.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 1999

Brettanomyces custersii CBS 5512 which has reported as a thermotolerant glucose-cellobiose co-fermentable yeast strain was mutated with UV and NTG to improve ethanol yield at higher than 4$0^{\circ}C$ B. custersii H1-23, H1-39, H1-55 and H1062 were finally selected for hyper-fermentable strains at higher than 4$0^{\circ}C$ from thermotolerant 7510 colonies through 5th selection. Among the selected strains, H1-39 mutant had better fermentability at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 43$^{\circ}C$ from different concentrations of glucose. H1-39 and H1-23 mutants yielded more than 70% of the theoretical ethanol yield in 4 and 8% mixed sugars at above 4$0^{\circ}C$, which was 5-11% higher than those by original strain. Especially, H1-39 mutant had better fermentability in 4% mixed sugar. It showed 78.5% of the theoretical yield at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 72.2% of the theoretical yield at 43$^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, theoretical yield of ethanol by H1-39 mutant in 8% mixed sugar at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 43$^{\circ}C$ were 75.2% and 70.2%, respectively. Theses values increased up to 7-11% as compared to those by orginal strain. By the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, ethanol production by H1-39 mutant increased up to more than 23% as compared to that by original strain.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.66-75
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• 2020

This study helps develop cool-touch functional dance sportswear. We suggest a draft design for dance sportswear that chooses appropriate cool-touch functional materials based on an investigation of the changes of body surface temperature before and after exercise, the physical properties of cool-touch materials on the market, and the preference for cooling tools. The results are as follows. First, cool-touch functional sportswear products on the market utilize materials such as PCM, Delta fabric, high gauge fabric, and ice chips as well as incorporate functions such as UV block and eyelets for enhanced breathability. Polyester and polyurethane fibers are mainly used for cool-touch functional sportswear. Second, the neck area showed the highest surface temperatures (32.7℃ and 32.1℃) before and after exercise. Body surface temperatures measured after exercise were also lower than temperatures measured before exercise when wearing dance sportswear. Third, as for the physical properties of cool-touch materials, material 1 showed amaximum drying speed (130 min), material 3 the best moisture absorption speed (122 × 132 min), and material 4 the best thermal conductivity (0.013 7 w/m·K). Fourth, a draft design for a cool-touch functional dance sportswear was suggested, including a neckband made of removable soft PVC material on the neck area and applying material 4 in F1, B4, S2 and lower arm areas and material 1 in the armpit area. Deodorant tape was also attached to the armpit area for added comfort and antibacterial deodorant effect.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.220-224
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• 2016

Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity guided fractionation led to the isolation of five anthraquinones, two stilbenes and one naphthoquinone from the EtOAc fraction of Polygonum cuspidatum, using silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex-LH20, MPLC and recrystallization. The chemical structures were identified to be physcion (1), emodin (2), anthraglycoside B (3), trans-resveratrol (4), anthraglycoside A (5), polydatin (6), 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (7) and citreorosein (8) by UV, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and mass spectrometry. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity including MIC values of each compound was evaluated. All of the isolates exhibited anti-H. pylori activity of which MIC values were lower than that of a positive control, quercetin. Compounds 2 and 7 showed potent growth inhibitory activity. Especially, a naphthoquinone, compound 7 displayed most potent antibacterial activity with $MIC_{50}$ value of $0.30{\mu}M$ and $MIC_{90}$ value of $0.39{\mu}M$. Although anti-H. pylori activity of this plant was previously reported, this is the first report on that of compounds isolated from this species. From these findings, P. cuspidatum roots or its isolates may be useful for H. pylori infection and further study is needed to elucidate mechanism of action.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.127-127
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• 2011

We investigate the transparent TFTs using a transparent ZnSnO3 (ZTO)/Ag/ZTO multilayer electrode as S/D electrodes with low resistivity of $3.24{\times}10^{-5}$ ohm-cm, and high transparency of 86.29% in ZTO based TFTs. The Transparent TFTs (TTFTs) are prepared on glass substrate coated 100 nm of ITO thin film. On atomic layer deposited $Al_2\;O_3$, 50 nm ZTO layer is deposited by RF magnetron sputtering through a shadow mask for channel layer using ZTO target with 1 : 1 molar ratio of ZnO : $SnO_2$. The power of 100W, the working pressure of 2mTorr, and the gas flow of Ar 20 sccm during the ZTO deposition. After channel layer deposition, a ZTO (35 nm)/Ag (12 nm)/ZTO(35 nm) multilayer is deposited by DC/RF magnetron sputtering to form transparent S/D electrodes which are patterned through the shadow mask. Devices are annealed in air at 300$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min following ZTO deposition. Using UV/Visible spectrometer, the optical transmittances of the TTFT using ZTO/Ag/ ZTO multilayer electrodes are compared with TFT using Mo electrode. The structural properties of ZTO based TTFT with ZTO/Ag/ZTO multilayer electrodes are analyzed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The transfer and output characterization of ZTO TTFTs are examined by a customized probe station with HP4145B system in are.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.381-387
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• 2020

In this work, TiO₂ 3D nanostructures (TF30) were prepared via a facile wet chemical process using ammonium hexafluorotitanate. The synthesized 3D TiO₂ nanostructures exhibited well-defined crystalline and hierarchical structures assembled from TiO₂ nanorods with different thicknesses and diameters, which comprised numerous small beads. Moreover, the maximum specific surface area of TiO₂ 3D nanostructures was observed to be 191 ㎡g^-1, with concentration of F ions on the surface being 2 at%. The TiO₂ 3D nanostructures were tested as photocatalysts under UV irradiation using Rhodamine B solution in order to determine their photocatalytic performance. The TiO₂ 3D nanostructures showed a higher photocatalytic activity than that of the other TiO₂ samples, which was likely associated with the combined effects of a high crystallinity, unique features of the hierarchical structure, a high specific surface area, and the advantage of adsorbing F ions.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of leaf powder colorants as substitutes for traditional fresh juice extract dyeing. Three kinds of leaf powder colorants were prepared by freeze drying method with or without deep freezing as pre-treatment: one powder colorant from fresh leaf juice with deep freezing; two kinds of powder colorant from fresh leaves with and without deep freezing. Their dyeing properties and storage stabilities were studied and compared with the traditional fresh juice extract dyeing. The presence of indigo in the powder colorants was confirmed by UV/Visible absorption spectra. They showed absorption peak at 602nm which was same with indigo absorption peak. Dyeing was done at low temperature around 6$^{\circ}C$. All three powder colorants produced B colors on silk fabrics, showing similar color to the one dyed traditionally with fresh juice extract. The powder colorants from leaves gave higher color strength than the powder from leaf juice. The powder colorant prepared from leaves with deep freezing was the most stable for long term storage as its color and color strength were not changed after 360 days. So, this was used for further dyeing to study the effects of concentration and repeat dyeing on color strength and colorfastness. Fastnesses to dry cleaning and rubbing were fairly good above 4 rating. Further study is needed to improve light fastness. It was concluded that the leaf powder colorant with deep freezing could be used as a substitute for traditional juice extract dyeing at all seasons.