• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.253-260
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• 2013

Purpose: To investigate the UV-B blocking rate of eyeglasses lens which can prevent enzymes denaturation in cornea. Methods: The denaturation degree of RNase A and catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined by using Acrylamide gel electrophoresis after UV-B irradiation of 312 nm for 1, 3, 6, 24 and 96 hours. Also, the inhibitory effect of eyeglasses lens having UV-B blocking rate of 50%, 80%, 95% and 99% on the enzymes denatration was measured. Results: The denaturation of RNase A was induced by 1 hour-irradiation of UV-B. To inhibit RNase A denaturation after UV-B irradiation between 1 hour and 6 hours, UV-B blocking lens of 95% were effective. UV-B blocking lens of 99% suppressed the inhibition of RNase A denaturation after the UV-B exposure between 24 hours and 96 hours. The denaturation of catalase was not induced by 1 hourirradiation of UV-B. To inhibit enzyme denaturation after UV-B irradiation between 1 hour and 6 hours, UV-B blocking lens of 50% were effective. UV-B blocking lens of 95% suppressed the inhibition of enzyme denaturation induced by UV-B irradiation between 24 hours and 96 hours. The SOD denaturation was not induced by UV-B irradiation shorter than 6 hours exposure. The UV-B blocking lens of 50% could inhibit SOD denaturation after the UV-B irradiation for 24 hours. When SOD was exposed to UV-B for 96 hrs, SOD denaturation was inhibited by eyeglasses lens with UV blocking rate higher than 95%. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the proper UV-B blocking rates of eyeglasses lens to inhibit the enzymes denaturatioin was different according to the types of enzymes and its inhibitory effect was effective only when eyeglasses lens had higher than certain UV-B blocking rate.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.383-390
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• 2020

Blue light is a blue-based light existing at a wavelength between 380 and 450 nm, and it has been reported that it induces active oxygen and causes aging, and accordingly, interest in the blue light blocking effect is increasing. In this study, the effects of the polarity of oil, viscosity of the formulation, type of emulsifier, emulsified particles, and inorganic UV blocking agents on the blue light blocking effect in UV blocking products were investigated. As a result, it was confirmed that the blue light blocking rate increased as the polarity of the oil became similar to that of the organic UV blocker, and the higher the viscosity of the formulation, the higher the blue light blocking rate. The types of emulsifiers and emulsified particles had little effect on the blue light blocking effect, and the presence of inorganic UV blocking agents was found to be one of the factors that greatly influenced the blue light blocking rate. These results can effectively increase the efficiency of blocking blue light, and may be used in the development of blue light blocking products and formulation research in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.391-394
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• 2009

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2015

The physical and optical properties of polymers with 2-fluoroaniline and 4-fluoroaniline added, which can be used for hydrophilic ophthalmic lenses, were investigated in this study. The UV-blocking properties of 2- and 4-fluoroaniline were also investigated by measuring their UV transmissibility. 2- and 4-Fluoroaniline were used as additives for the basic combination of HEMA, 5% AA, and 1% MMA, and the materials were copolymerized with EGDMA as the cross-linking agent and AIBN as the initiator. The refractive index, water content, optical transmittance, tensile strength, and contact angle were measured to evaluate the physical properties of the produced hydrogel lens. The measured physical properties of the hydrogel contact lens produced with the copolymerized polymer showed a refractive index of 1.425-1.436; a water content of 36.95-44.65%; a visual light transmittance of 66.0-81.0%; a tensile strength of 0.138-0.281 kgf; and a contact angle of $55.02-57.87^{\circ}$. The UV transmissibility was significantly reduced, which indicates that 2-fluoroaniline and 4-fluoroaniline have UV-blocking properties. This study showed that 2- and 4-fluoroaniline are expected to be used as UV-blocking materials in hydrogel ophthalmic lenses whose physical properties, such as their refractive index and water content, do not change.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate ultraviolet (UV) blocking characteristics of transparent and tinted ophthalmic lenses. Methods: The transmittance spectra of ophthalmic lenses were measured using the method suggested in ANSI Z80.1 standard. Transmittance percentage were calculated for each lens for UV (200~380 nm; UVA, UVB, UVC) and blue light portions (380~400 nm) of spectrum. Results: The results indicate that transparent plastic lenses with middle, high refractive index and tinted plastic lenses had superior UV blocking characteristics at UV radiation while UV blocker-untreated lenses such as crown glasses and CR39 did not. All except high refractive index lenses and anti-glare night vision lens was not effectively blocked blue light. Conclusions: Crown glass and CR39 lenses need to treat UV blockers to protect eyes from UV. Also, all lenes except high refractive index lenses and anti-glare night vision lens need to treat blue light blockers for protecting from blue light.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.745-752
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• 2005

Green tea has various medical effects. It was selected as new natural dyes guessing the effects of the biological activities are still appeared on dyeing. It was examined whether they have the function of Uv-blocker or not. Cotton, linen & Hanji were dyed with Green tea. Al, Cr, Cu, Fe and Sn were selected as the mordant and the UV blocking rate of dyed samples was measured. The results of this study as follows; 1 . The color of dyed samples with Green tea changed yellowish red except Hanji and linen mordanted with Fe. 2. K/S values of dyed samples with Green tea increased by the number of dyeing treatment(p<.01). 3. UVA and UVB blocking rate increased by the number of dyes. Cotton and Linen could block the UV radiation over $93\%$ and Hanji could block over $95\%$ after three times of dyeing. These results suggest that Hanji has possibility far various practical uses of clothing material in beautiful and functional aspect. It could have the biological effects when we put on dyed clothing material with Green tea.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

HEMA, AA, MMA, and EGDMA as crosslinking agent and AIBN as an initiator, and 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-ethylhexyl-trans-4-methoxy-cinnamate, 2-hydroxy-4-(methacryloyloxy)benzophenone as additives at 0.1-1.0% ratios were used to manufacture hydrophilic ophthalmic lenses through thermal polymerization before their physical properties were measured. The results showed that the samples containing of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone and 2-ethylhexyl-trans-4-methoxy-cinnamate resulted in a decrease of the UV blocking performance after high-pressure sterilization whereas the sample containing 2-hydroxy-4-(methacryloyloxy)benzophenone showed no change in the UV blocking performance. It is judged that this is induced by presence or absence of an acyl functional group in benzophenone.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.588-592
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• 2005

For the purpose of obtaining polycarbonate film which blocks ultra-violet ion beam was irradiated onto the surface of PC film. This method has gotten several advantages compared with the techniques, such as the protection of changes in film thickness and UV blocking material deposited onto a base film. In order to investigate UV blocking PC film, the optical and chemical characteristics, surface morphology and lightfastness were confirmed by UV/Vis, FTIR(ATR) spectroscopy, AFM, and Q-UV fasoess analyses. As a result, it was shown that the modified PC film was able to block almost all of UV region and easily control the degree of UV block. The optical changes in the film were attributed to chemical changes in PC surface by ion beam irradiation. Moreover, we expect that the modified PC film can durably block UV due to no changes in colour and UV transmittance after UV fastness test.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.28
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• pp.205-212
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• 1996

This paper is to study the characteristics of fabrics dyed with astringent unripe persimmon juice. The cotton silk rayon and nylon fabrics were dyed with astringet unripe persimmon juice. The structures of natural fabrics dyed fabrics and dyed fabrics followed by washing were examined by scanning electron mi-croscopy. Surface reflexibility of VIS trans-mittance of UV VIS and NIR were analyzed. The study conclues as follows: 1. Colour of cotton fabrics dyed with persim-mon juice became darkended as a function of exposing time to sunlight. That colour was chaged after washing. 2. Blocking effect of ultraciolet light and visible ray was increased in all dyed fabrics. Especially dyed cotton fabric blocked UV light perfectly and the blocking effect was still remained after 9 washings. 3. Persimmon juice dyeing produced coating effect to fabrics besides dyeing effect accord-ing to the scanning electron micrographs. In a word the cotton fabric dyed with per-simmon juice has blocking effect of UV light stiffness. Therefore I think persimmon juice dyeing is a very useful textile finishing and ex-pect a wide application of the technique in fu-ture.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 1999

Blocking the 1st mitotic cleavage was performed in mud loach (Misgurmus mizolepis) using UV-irradiated cyprinid loach (M. anguillicaudatus) sperm and ternal shocks Optimum UV range for inactivation of cyprinid loach sperm and thermal shocks. Optimum UV range for inactivation of cyprinid loach sperm was between 3,150 to 4,050 ergs/m$m^2$. Heat shock treatment ($41^{\circ}C$ for 3mins) with various treatment initiation times ranged from 22 to 50 min post insemination resulted wide range of success for induced gynogenesis. Best result was obtained when haploid egges were shocked at 28 min after insemination (corresponding to metaphase division of the 1st cleavage); 26% of total eggs inseminated were viable diploid gynogens. The hatching success and early survival of the both meiotic and mitotic gynogenetic groups were significantly lower than those of control crosses (P<0.05). Maternal origin of induced gynogenetic mud loach was verified by multi-locus DNA fingerprinting.