• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.43-49
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• 2008

Purpose: The current study was conducted to evaluate the compatibility of UV-A blocking contact lens on eye protection with regular contact lens. Methods: The protective activity of regular contact lens (UV-A blocking: 20%) and UV-A blocking contact lens (UV-A blocking: 85%) on the denaturation of RNase A, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) induced UV-A irradiation were compared by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme solutions were irradiated with UV-A for 1, 3, 6, 24 and 96 hours at the wavelength of 365 nm. Covering area with contact lenses were varied as 50%, 70% and 100% according to the calculation of blocking areas of anterior eye that could be covered with RGP lens, soft contact lens, and eye glasses, respectively. Results: Denaturations of RNase, catalase and SOD were exaggerated when they were exposed to UV-A for a longer period. The denaturation was effectively prevented by UV-A blocking contact lens compared to regular contact lens. The capability of UV-A blocking contact lens was considerably reduced when the covering area with contact lens decreased and exposure time to UV-A extended. Conclusion: Therefore, it would be suggested that wearing contact lens for a long time under sunlight is carefully considered since the activity of UV-A blocking contact lens against UV-A irradiation may not be enough to protect enzymes presented in eyes when exposure time to UV-A increased.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.559-564
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• 2011

The UV blocking type pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet was developed by mixing UV blocking reagent with adhesive material, instead of conventional method in which the reagent was mixed with PVC substrate. The blocking performance of the sheet was evaluated by measuring the absorbance in 280-400 nm region. Both organic and inorganic type blocking reagents were examined. The blocking ability of the former is better than that of the later. Only 1% addition of blocking reagents is effective to block UV light without affecting to visibility and tackiness of adhesive tapes.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 2006

The present study proposed to develop a Hanji hat that can protect the body from UV rays and be preferred by consumers. For this purpose, using Hanji dyed by ginkgo leaf extract, we manufactured Hats in 12 designs. The UV blocking rate was determined by putting the hats on a mannequin and measuring the quantity of UV rays penetrating through the hat. In addition, preference for each design was surveyed, and the hat most suitable for the purpose was selected. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The UV blocking rate of the manufactured Hanji hats was over 92% for UVA and 97% for UVB in all of the 12 hats. 2. Among the 12 designs, the UV blocking rate for UVA was highest in 'Design(b)' and 'Design(1)' $(P\leq0.05)$, and the UV blocking rate for UVB was identical in all the designs except 'Design(i)' and 'Design(g)' $(P\leq0.01)$. 3. The effect of UV blocking was highest on the nape of the neck; next, on the brow, the cheeks, the nose and the chin in that order. 4. According to the result of the survey of preference, simple designs such as 'Design(a), (b)' and 'Design(9)' were preferred. In addition, it was found that the design would affect the purchase of a hat marked with a UV blocking index (68%). 5. Based on the results of this research as presented above, 'Design(b)', which showed a high UV blocking effect and was highly preferred, was selected as the most suitable hat for the purpose of this research.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.93-98
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• 2018

This study was wanted to confirm ability for UV blocking according to its material. The lenses materials were Acryl, CR-39, NK-55, and MR-8. It was grouped: Group A consisting of anti-scratch hard coated lenses and anti-refractive multi coated lenses, Group B added UV blocking coating on the group A, and Group C consisting of only UV blocking lenses. The results measured UV transmittance, On the UV-A wavelength, Group A showed the UV transmittance of 7.726%, 0.043%, 0.007%, and 0.007% respectively. Group B showed 0.038%, 0.037%, 0.007%, and 0.007%, respectively. The UV-blocking performance of CR-39 has been greatly improved. Group C has shown the best UV blocking function; only 0.005% and 0.004% of UV transmittances.(1.60 and 1.67 index of refraction respectively). For the low power of lenses and sunglasses, the CR-39 lens is the most used. Therefore, to UV blocking from the lens, new materials or UV absorbers or UV coating technology and development of Converged Technologies are required.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1296-1301
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• 2006

The human eye is exposed to UV and visible light. UV light exposure becomes harmful to the eye. Protection for eyes should block all ultraviolet rays. In our study, organic-inorganic hybrid materials have been applied to UV blocking coatings with UV absorbing materials on transparent plastics. The optical properties of UV blocking coatings were investigated in PMMA, CR 39 and PC substrates. In case of all UV absorbers, the transmission of UV light decreases with an increased amount of absorber. Our findings indicate that PMMA significantly reduced the transmission of UV radiation, CR 39 showed moderate decrease, while UV-uncoated PC had some UV blocking properties. Adhesion, hot water resistance and chemical resistance of the UV-coated CR 39 lenses were good. Pencil hardness were 4H. Abrasion resistance were poor.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to find the proper UV-A blocking percentage that could protect the denaturation of ribonuclease A (RNase A), one of protein enzymes in eye, induced by UV-A. RNase A was irradiated at 365 nm for 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, 72, 96 hr and the extent of denaturation was monitored by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, it was investigated whether blocking of UV-A by 20, 50, 80 and 99% eyeglass lens could protect the denaturation of RNase A or not. The denaturation of RNase A was induced by only 1 hr UV-A irradiation and the extent of denaturation became severe depending on UV-A irradiation time. The mild denaturation of RNase A induced by irradiation for 1 hr could be sufficiently protected by 20% UV-A blocking lens. When RNase A was irradiated for 3 hr, more that 50% blocking of UV-A needed to prevent the denaturation. Even though 99% UV-A blocking lens was used, the denaturation of RNase A induced by 6 hr irradiation could not be prevented perfectly. However, 99% UV-A blocking lens could dramatically decrease the severe denaturation of RNase A induced by irradiation for 96 hr.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1197-1205
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• 2018

UV protection cosmetics belong to functional cosmetics and contain organic or inorganic UV blocking pigments. The inorganic UV blocking pigments are mainly zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. It is known that inorganic UV blocking pigment has a diameter of 60 to 100 nm and has good blocking ability of UVA and UVB. Also, it has high inactivity against sunlight including UV and is excellent in safety. In addition, it is not absorbed or accumulated on the skin like organic pigments and does not cause skin irritation or allergy. In this study, mica, a plate-shaped inorganic pigment, nanosized titanium dioxide, an UV blocking material, and hydrophobic silica were surface-treated with surfactants. And then, titanium dioxide nanoparticles and silica were physically adsorbed on the mica by non-chemical mutual attraction due to differences in charge. Thereafter, the mica complex was surface-treated with silane to prepare a hydrophobic UV blocking pigment complex. The plate-shaped UV blocking composite improves the cohesiveness of a general nanoparticle material titanium dioxide, enhances UV blocking effect due to uniform dispersion, and can greatly improve dispersion stability in cosmetic formulations by surface treatment with hydrophobic property. The surface charge of the pigment was evaluated by zeta potential. The properties of the UV blocking pigment complex were evaluated by FE-SEM, XRD, FT-IR and UV-VIS.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.97-103
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• 2007

This study was investigated to find the proper UV-A blocking percentage that could protect the denaturation of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD), antioxidative enzymes in eye, induced by UV-A. Catalase or SOD were irradiated at 365 nm for 1, 3, 6, 24, 96 hr and the extent of denaturation was evalutated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, it was investigated whether blocking of UV-A by 20, 50, 80 and 99% eyeglass lens could protect the denaturation of catalase and SOD or not. Catalase became to denature when catalase were irradiated by UV-A for more than 3 hours. However, the denaturation of SOD was induced by more than 6 hours irradiation. The denaturation of catalase induced by irradiation for 3 hr could be perfectly protected by 99% UV-A blocking lens. But, when the irradiation time became longer than 3 hr or the blocking percentage of lens were lower than 99%, the denaturation of catalase was not perfectly protected but partially protected. Although 50% UV-A blocking lens had partial protecting effects, lenses having 80 or 99% UV-A blocking effect could perfectly prevent the denaturation of SOD induced by 96 hr irradiation.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.391-398
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• 2007

Ginkgo leaves, which have been known as medical materials, were selected as new natural dyes in this study, in which it was examined whether they have the function of UV-blocker or not. Cotton, linen & Hanji(Korean traditional paper) were dyed with Ginkgo. Al, Cr, Cu, Fe and Sn were selected as mordants. UV-blocking rate of dyed samples was measured after dyeing and mordant treatment. The results of this study are as follows. First, most surface color of dyed samples was yellow except that Hanji mordanted with Cu was yellowish red. Second, dyeing repetition had positive correlations with K/S values of cotton ($r=.\;758^{**}$), linen ($r=.\;500^*$) and Hanji ($r=.\;819^{**}$), because K/S values were increased according to dyeing repetition. Third, solar UV-blocking rates had positive correlations with dyeing repetitions (p<0.01), because UV-blocking rates had increased according to dyeing repetition. Fourth, UV-blocking ability of Hanji was highest among samples, as UV-blocking rates of cotton and linen dyed after 3 dyeing repetition were up to 93%, Hanji's values were up to 98%. Therefore, it was proven that Ginkgo extracts used in this experiment as dyestuff have excellent dyeing ability and high UV-blocking ability. It is hoped that this work will lead to further research to confirm the physiological effects when human wear the clothes made from Hanji.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1995

This study was designed to obtain the basic data developing the UV ray protective garments for the plastichouse workers. Two subjects were volunteered for 1hr. wear test in plastic house, and the ensembles was composed of one of three kinds blouse (UV blocking blouse, polyester/cotton 47/53 blouse, and polyester blouse), shorts, sleeveless undershirts, pants and socks. The measurements were rectal temperature, skin temperature, microclimate inside clothing, subjective sensation, and the colour difference of UV sensor. The results were as follows: 1. Microclimate especially, temperature inside clothing of polyester blouse was the highest among the garments. And UV-proof polyester blouse showed the lower mean skin temperature and microclimate than others. Showing the highest sweat volume. 2. No significant difference on UV ray blocking function among 3 kinds of garment was shown. 3. We could conform that in spring for the plastic house wぉw s garment low thermal insulating value and wide covering area were more important factors than UV blocking function of fabric.