• 제목/요약/키워드: US health system

검색결과 243건 처리시간 0.024초

국내 시간별 대기환경지수 방법의 문제점과 개선 방안 (Korean HAEI Method-a Critical Evaluation and Suggestions)

  • 백성옥;이여진;박대권
    • 한국대기환경학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.518-528
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    • 2006
  • The air quality index (AQI) is an index for reporting daily or hourly air quality to the general public. The AQI focuses on health effects that can happen within a few hours or days after breathing polluted air. Many countries have their own AQI reporting systems, and the HAEI (hourly air environment index) method is now being used in Korea. In this study, in order to compare the AQI results from different methods, we applied three methods. i.e. US AQI, Canadian AQI, and Korean HAEI, to the same air quality data-base. The data-base was constructed from 10 monitoring sites in Gyeong-buk province for the last four years since 2000. Based on the results, a critical evaluation of the Korean HAEI method was made, and a number of suggestions and recommendations were presented to improve the AQI reporting system in Korea.

Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for the Biological Synthesis of 7-O-Xylosyl Naringenin

  • Simkhada, Dinesh;Kim, EuiMin;Lee, Hei Chan;Sohng, Jae Kyung
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.397-401
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    • 2009
  • Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds that have been recognized as important due to their physiological and pharmacological roles and their health benefits. Glycosylation of flavonoids has a wide range of effects on flavonoid solubility, stability, and bioavailability. We previously generated the E. coli BL21 (DE3) ${\Delta}pgi$ host by deleting the glucose-phosphate isomerase (Pgi) gene in E. coli BL21 (DE3). This host was further engineered for whole-cell biotransformation by integration of galU from E. coli K12, and expression of calS8 (UDP-glucose dehydrogenase) and calS9 (UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase) from Micromonospora echinospora spp. calichensis and arGt-4 (7-O-glycosyltransferase) from Arabidopsis thaliana to form E. coli (US89Gt-4), which is expected to produce glycosylated flavonoids. To test the designed system, the engineered host was fed with naringenin as a substrate, and naringenin 7-O-xyloside, a glycosylated naringenin product, was detected. Product was verified by HPLC-LC/MS and ESI-MS/MS analyses. The reconstructed host can be applied for the production of various classes of glycosylated flavonoids.

비규제 농약 관리를 위한 한국, 유럽, 미국의 농약관리체계 비교분석 (A comparative study of management system of unregulated agricultural pesticides in Korea, the European Union, and the United States of America: a review)

  • 남선화;곽진일;김다솜;안윤주
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제61권2호
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    • pp.195-204
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    • 2018
  • 국내외적으로 계란 중 잔류 농약 검출 사례가 보고되었고, 한국에서도 축산물의 농약 잔류허용기준 중 계란에 대한 기준치가 미제시된 항목인 fipronil 등이 검출되었다. 비규제 농약으로 인해 국민건강 위해 및 환경오염 문제가 나타날 가능성이 있으므로, 한국, 유럽연합, 미국의 부처 및 산하 협력기관의 담당 법령 및 업무 관련 농약관리체계 비교 분석을 통해 현 시점에서 한국의 농약관리체계의 문제점을 파악하고, 비규제 농약에 관한 개선 방향을 모색하였다. 한국, 유럽연합, 미국의 농약관리체계 비교한 결과, 농약 등록, 식품 중 잔류농약, 환경매체 중 잔류농약으로 크게 나누어 관리하는 것으로 나타났다. 농약을 시중 유통시키기 위해 농약의 기본정보(이화학성, 독성, 위해성 등)를 바탕으로 검토 및 승인 절차를 거치는 농약 등록 부분은 한국의 농림축산식품부, 유럽집행위원회의 보건식품안전국, 미국환경부가 관여하는 것으로 나타났다. 식품 안전성을 증대시키기 위해 식품 중 잔류농약 기준 설정 및 모니터링을 수행하는 부분은 한국의 식품의약품안전처, 유럽집행위원회의 보건식품안전국이 전담하나, 미국은 미국환경부(식품 중 잔류농약농도 설정)와 식품의약처(식품 및 사료 중 농약 모니터링)가 분업하는 것으로 나타났다. 국민건강 및 환경상의 위해를 예방하기 위해 환경매체 중 잔류농약 기준 설정 및 모니터링을 수행하는 부분은 한국, 유럽연합, 미국 모두 환경부, 유럽집행위원회의 환경국, 미국환경부 중심으로 운영되는 것으로 나타났다. 한국은 부처간 협의를 통해 농약관리를 제도적으로 수행하고 있으나, 비규제 농약에 대한 관리를 강화하기 위해 환경매체 중 잔류농약기준 항목의 계열 확대 및 개별항목 신설을 검토할 필요가 있다.

Study on improvement of legislation for elderly welfare

  • Park, Jong-Ryeol;Noe, Sang-Ouk
    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.219-227
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    • 2020
  • 우리나라의 고령화는 매우 빠르게 진행되어 곧 초고령화 사회에 진입할 것으로 예상하고 있어 노인장기요양보험제도와 관련한 노인장기요양보험법을 제정하였으나 많은 문제점이 있어 이를 해결하기 위한 수차례의 개정이 시도되었다. 장기요양보험법을 제정한 독일도 마찬가지로 노인복지 및 장기요양을 위하여 사회 제반의 인프라 구축 및 요양서비스의 질적 향상을 위하여 꾸준한 문제제기를 통하여 법을 개정하고 보다 구체화된 요양기준을 제시하고 최종적으로는 노년의 삶을 향상하려 노력하고 있다. 노인관련 법제의 체계화는 당장 노인복지 정책에 대한 변화가 생긴다거나 실생활에서 노인들이 체감하는 복지서비스가 훨씬 올라갈 것이라고는 기대하기 어려울 수 있다. 그러나 노인복지의 정책근간이 되는 법률이 규율내용의 맥락과 논리에 따라 체계적으로 정비되고 이를 바탕으로 일선 실무차원에서의 행정력이 투입된다면 보다 행정적인 혼선이 줄어들고 일반 국민들이 규범에 대해 가지는 이해도와 활용도가 높아질 것이다.

The Korean HapMap Project Website

  • Kim, Young-Uk;Kim, Seung-Ho;Jin, Hoon;Park, Young-Kyu;Ji, Mi-Hyun;Kim, Young-Joo
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.91-94
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    • 2008
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant form of human genetic variation and are a resource for mapping complex genetic traits. A genome is covered by millions of these markers, and researchers are able to compare which SNPs predominate in people who have a certain disease. The International HapMap Project, launched in October, 2002, motivated us to start the Korean HapMap Project in order to support Korean HapMap infrastructure development and to accelerate the finding of genes that affect health, disease, and individual responses to medications and environmental factors. A Korean SNP and haplotype database system was developed through the Korean HapMap Project to provide Korean researchers with useful data-mining information about disease-associated biomarkers for studies on complex diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and stroke. Also, we have developed a series of software programs for association studies as well as the comparison and analysis of Korean HapMap data with other populations, such as European, Chinese, Japanese, and African populations. The developed software includes HapMapSNPAnalyzer, SNPflank, HWE Test, FESD, D2GSNP, SNP@Domain, KMSD, KFOD, KFRG, and SNP@WEB. We developed a disease-related SNP retrieval system, in which OMIM, GeneCards, and MeSH information were integrated and analyzed for medical research scientists. The kHapMap Browser system that we developed and integrated provides haplotype retrieval and comparative study tools of human ethnicities for comprehensive disease association studies (http://www.khapmap.org). It is expected that researchers may be able to retrieve useful information from the kHapMap Browser to find useful biomarkers and genes in complex disease association studies and use these biomarkers and genes to study and develop new drugs for personalized medicine.

스마트 폰을 활용한 반려동물 관리 시스템 개발 (Implementation of Companion Animal Management System using Smartphone)

  • 이재풍;박상연;정삼진
    • 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.51-57
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    • 2015
  • 본 논문에서는 반려동물에 관한 다양한 컨텐츠를 개발한 후 기존 컨텐츠들과 통합함으로서 어플리케이션의 활용분야의 폭을 넓히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 정보관리, 일정관리, 건강관리, QR코드, SNS, 쇼핑, 위치정보서비스 등 반려동물에 관련된 다양한 컨텐츠를 추가한 반려동물 관리 시스템(PET-IN)을 스마트폰에서 사용할 수 있게 개발하였다. PET-IN 사용 접근성과 만족도 실험결과를 보면, 각 컨텐츠 간 통합으로 인하여 새로운 시너지 효과가 발생하였고, 연계성이 증가하여 컨텐츠의 활용분야가 넓어지게 되었다는 것을 알게 되었다. 이는 반려동물 어플리케이션에 대하여 종합적인 컨텐츠 구성이 필요하다는 것을 말해주며, 본 연구는 향후 새로운 반려동물 어플리케이션의 컨텐츠를 개발할 때 중요한 데이터가 될 수 있을 것이다.

Human Papillomavirus Testing with Hybrid Capture II and DNA Chip

  • ;;;이덕철
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.51-56
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    • 2005
  • The detection of high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) allows us to predict the presence and future development of cervical intraepitheliallesion. In this study, we compared Hybrid Capture II and DNA chip methods for detection of HPV in cervical swab samples. And we evaluated the clinical efficacy and diagnostic performance of HPV DNA chip and Hybrid Capture II for detecting HPV in cervical neoplastic lesions. Seventy four patients were classified into three groups according to their histologic diagnosis: Group I (nonspecific chronic cervicitis), Group II (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL); koilocytosis, and mild dysplasia), and Group III (high-grade SIL;, moderate, severe dysplasia and in situ carcinoma). Cytologic diagnosis were based on the Bethesda System. Hybrid Capture II and DNA chip methods were performed to detect HPV. In 41 of the 74 cervical samples $(55.4\%)$, HPV DNAs were detected by Hybrid Capture II. In Group III, HPV-positive cases were detected in 15 $(20.3\%)$ of 74 patients by Hybrid Capture II. 25 patients with ASCUS cytology were histopathologically examined: 9 cases $(36\%)$ were Group II. In 18 patients with low-grade SIL cytology, 13 cases $(72.2\%)$ were Group II and 3 cases $(16.7\%)$ were Group III. 12 cases $(92.3\%)$ were Group ill of 13 patients with high-grade SIL cytology. The sensitivity of each test was $82\%$ in Hybrid Capture II and $53.9\%$ in DNA chip test. And the specificity was $74.3\%,\;85.7\%$ in Hybrid Capture II and DNA chip. In conclusion, Hybrid Capture II test is more sensitive than DNA chip in detecting women with cervical neoplastic lesions. Especially, in diagnosing of ASCUS, Hybrid Capture II test is more sensitive. Therefore, Hybrid Capture II test for cancer-associated HPV DNA is a viable option in the management of women with ASCUS.

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연탄(煉炭)가스 중독자(中毒者)의 생활환경(生活環境)에 관(關)한 역학적(疫學的) 연구(硏究) (A Survey on the Environmental Conditions of the CO Patients treated by Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy)

  • 김인달;윤덕로;최용어;윤인재;이철구;양요환
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 1972
  • Carbon monoxide poisoning is one of the most serious health problems in Korea, because we have been encountered with the highest incidence of CO poisoning in the world due to the unique heating system in home called 'ondal'. We opened Hyperbaric chamber unit in the Seoul National University Hospital last Jan, 1969. We have treated 848 patients as of Sept. 30., 1972, around 44 months period. We collected the informations on the environmental conditions of the place where CO intoxication actually occured by filling up the questionaire from 505 patients. The following findings were obtained. 1. Age distribution showed that the highest incidence was found in the younger age group between age of 10 to age of 29 in both sex. 2. Sex ratio of the patients was 1:1.14. 3. The socio-economic level of the patient was relatively low. 4. Housewife & housemaid were the major victims of the intoxication in the female patients & in the case of the male patient, occupational backgrounds were diverse. 5. Many patients from the middle class experienced the intoxication by sleeping at newly built room. 6. Many intoxication has been occured in the structure of houses where communicating doors are existing between living room & kitchen. 7. All findings obtained taught us again that CO poisoning is the serious by-product of the national fuel policy which put emphasis on the use of coal & socio-economic status is a very important parameter in this hazards.

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급성(急性) CO 중독시(中毒時) 고압산소요법(高壓酸素療法)의 치료효과(治療效果)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (A Study on the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygenation on Acute CO poisoning)

  • 윤덕로;이강현
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 1972
  • Carbon Monoxide poisoning is one of the most serious Public health problems in Korea. The incidence rate. officially reported has been known to be the highest in the world. This high incidence is mainly due to the wide prevalence of anthracite coal briquette as the domestic fuel for unique Korean heating system called 'ondol,' The coal briquette gas contains around 3-5% of Carbon Monoxide. A nation-wide effort to eliminate or reduce this serious hazards has produced little effect and the most hospitals are offering very ineffective measures such as oxygen inhalation through nasal catheter. Author has believed that this preventable accident should be approached by the secondary preventive measure because of our socio-economic status do not allow us optimistic results from primary preventive measure as far as the problem of CO poisoning is concerned. Author has treated 466 patients during 30 months period by Hyperbaric Oxygenation at Seoul National University Hospital. The results found are as follows. 1. Female has a higher incidence rate than male and the age group between 15-29 years showed highest incidence. 2. The recovery time depends on the time when the patients arrived at hospital. Earlier the arrival time, shorter the recovery time. 3. Some objective signs are representing typical physiological response to tissue hypoxia. 4. Therapeutic effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxypenation is confirmed by such indices as recovery rate, Admission rate and average stay in hospital. Futher, these results are cocordant with other reports on the clinical value of Hyperbaric Oxygenation in the treatment of CO poisoning.

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공장과 주택 슬레이트지붕의 석면 노출특성 비교 (Comparison on the Releasing Characteristics of Asbestos Fiber from Plant Slate Roof and House Slate Roof)

  • 정재원;유은철;이상준;박근태
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제24권7호
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    • pp.927-937
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    • 2015
  • This study was performed to identify and quantify the asbestos fibers released from two types of asbestos-cement slate roofs. One is a plant roof installed in 1987 which contained 15% chrysotile, and the other is a residential roof installed before 1983 which contained 12% chrysotile. The concentrations of asbestos fibers in air surrounding asbestos-cement slate roofs and in the falling water harvested from the same roofs on rainy days ranged from 0.0012 to 0.0018 f/mL and from 1,764 f/L to 10,584 f/L, respectively. The concentration of inorganic fibers in the soil around asbestos-cement slate roofs was from 217 to 348 f/g. With the above results, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) for the risk assessment of the asbestos fibers released from asbestos-cement slate based on US EPA IRIS (Integrated risk information system) model is within 5.5E-06 ~ 6.5E-06 levels which indicates that the levels do not exceed "the acceptable risk(1.0E-05)" recommended by WHO. The asbestos concentration in air, drained rainfall and soil around the plant slate roof was higher than that around residential slate roof, but the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) from residential slate was higher than that from plant slate. This suggested that the enclose and encapsulation of residential roofs have priority in removal policy to minimize the exposure risk.