• 약학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.421-428
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• 2006

Water extracts, ethanol extracts, and juice of Cusuta japonica, C, australis, and C. chinensis were prepared, and their cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activitiy and melanin biosynthesis were estimated by using melanoma Clone M-3. From this study; the following conclusions were attained. Extracts of Cuscuta japonica, C. australis, and C. chinensis showed noticeable cytotoxicity except ethanol extracts from the stem of C. australis. A maximual cytotoxicity was observed with tile ethanol extract from the seed of C, australis (87.39%). While the ethanol extract from the seed of C. japonica (91.88%) showed the most pronounced inhibitory effect on melanin biosynthesis, the water extract from the stem of C. japonica (1.05%) possessed very little inhibitory effect. The most inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity was observed with the water extract from the stem of C. australis (76.67%). Howeverr the water extract from the stem of C. japonica showed a very poor effect on the inhibition of tyrosinase activity All the preparations, except extracts from the seed of C. australis were able to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose-dependent manner. The juice of C. japonica demonstrated the strongest activity (59.02%).

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.976-984
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• 2011

감잎으로부터 tyrosinase 억제물질의 추출을 위하여 60% ethanol을 사용하여 추출한 경우 추출물의 phenol성물질 함량이 21.91 mg/g로 가장 높았고, tyrosinase 억제효과도 37%의 억제율로 가장 높게 나타났다. 감잎 추출물로부터 tyrosinase 저해 활성 물질을 정제하기 위하여 Sephadex LH-20 column과 MCI-gel CHP-20 column을 이용하여 gradient로 용출한 결과 tyrosinase 저해 활성을 가지는 2가지 순수한 compound를 정제하였으며, 정제된 2가지 compound를 구조 동정한 결과, (+)-gallocatechin과 prodelphinidin B-3이었다. 정제물의 tyrosinase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 (+)-gallocatechin과 prodelphinidin B-3는 29.5, 40.2%의 저해활성을 나타내었으며, melanoma 세포에서의 멜라닌 생합성 저해효과를 측정한 결과 (+)-gallocatechin과 prodelphinidin B-3는 각각 32.5, 46.7%의 저해활성을 나타내어 멜라닌생성억제효과가 매우 뛰어남을 알 수 있었다. 정제된 미백물질을 이용하여 제조한 essence 제품의 안정성을 살펴본 결과, 미백 essence제품의 pH는 10,000 ppm의 농도에서 4.90~4.95였으며, 점도는 23,000~26,000 cP로 60일 동안의 저장기간 동안 큰 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 일반적 보존 시험인 온도에 따른 안정성과 광안정성(인공광, 자연광) 검사에서도 안정하였으며, 특수, 가혹 보존 시험인 온도순환에 따른 안정성 검사에서도 상의 분리와 변색, 변취 없이 모두 안정함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.518-523
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• 1997

To isolate biologically active compounds which exhibit tyrosinase inhibition activity and ultimately express skin whitening effect, 14 oriental herbal drugs were screened in ter ms of tyrosinase inhibition. For this purpose, in vitro enzyme assay system for tyrosinase, so called Pomerantz method with some modifications has been established. Crude methanolic extracts from 14 herbal drugs were made and examined for their inhibitory activity against tyrosinase. Those extracts from Cnidii Rhizoma, Arecae Semen, Caryophylli Flos, and Ephedrae Herba showed strong inhibitory activities on mushroom tyrosinase. Therefore, crude methanolic extracts from those 4 herbal drugs were further fractionated using ether, butanol and water. respectively. The ether and n-butanol extracts from Arecae Semen and the n-butanol and water extracts from Caryophylli Flos, respectively, showed relatively strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity compared to arbutin.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.1241-1248
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• 2011

Three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSARs) between new thiosemicarbazone analogues (1-31) as a substrate molecule and their inhibitory activity against tyrosinase as a receptor were performed and discussed quantitatively using CoMFA (comparative molecular field analysis) and CoMSIA (comparative molecular similarity indices analysis) methods. According to the optimized CoMSIA 2 model obtained from the above procedure, inhibitory activities were mainly dependent upon H-bond acceptor favored field (36.5%) of substrate molecules. The optimized CoMSIA 2 model, with the sensitivity of the perturbation and the prediction, produced by a progressive scrambling analysis was not dependent on chance correlation. From molecular docking studies, it is supposed that the inhibitory activation of the substrate molecules against tyrosinase (PDB code: 1WX2) would not take place via uncompetitive inhibition forming a chelate between copper atoms in the active site of tyrosinase and thiosemicarbazone moieties of the substrate molecules, but via competitive inhibition based on H-bonding.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.129-132
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• 2003

The crude extracts of marine algae were screened for tyrosinase-inhibitory and radical scavenging effects. Among the samples tested, Symphyocladia latiuscula and Gloiopeltis furcata were found to be the most effective in DPPH radical scavenging test while Gigatina tenella, Sargassum thunbergii, and Sargassum sp. were moderately active. For the inhibition against mushroom tyrosinase, Symphyocladia latiuscula and Sargassum confusum showed the strongest inhibition. Codium adhaerens, Corallina pilulifera, Carpopeltis cornea, Halymenia acuminata, Hizikia fuziformis, Porphyra suborbiculata, and Enteromorpha linza exhibited mild inhibitory potency.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1132-1135
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• 2004

In order to find new tyrosinase inhibitors and the effects of prenyl residue on flavonoid molecules, eight prenylated and three synthetic vinylated flavonoids were examined on their inhibitory effect against tyrosinase activity. From the results, kuwanon C, papyriflavonol A, sanggenon D and sophoflavescenol were found to possess the considerable inhibitory activity. Especially, sanggenon D is revealed as a potent inhibitor ($IC_{50}$ =7.3$\mu$ M), compared to the reference compound, kojic acid ($IC_{50}$ =24.8 $\mu$M). However, the prenylation with isoprenyl group or the vinylation to flavonoid molecules did not enhance tyrosinase inhibitory activity.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2010

기질 화합물로써 일련의 phenyl-2,2'-methylenebis(cyclohexane-1,3-dione) 유도체(1-22)들의 치환기($R_1$ 및 $R_2$)가 변화함에 따른 tyrosinase 활성저해에 대한 분자 홀로그래피적인 정량적 구조-활성관계(HQSAR) 모델을 유도하였다. 그리고 tyrosinase 저해활성에 미치는 구조상 요소들의 분석결과에 근거하여 높은 tyrosinase 저해활성을 보이는 새로운 tyrosinase 저해활성 분자를 설계하였다. 또한, 통계적으로 양호한 E-2 모델(상관성; $r_2$ = 0.929 및 예측성; $q_2$ = 0.564)을 유도하였으며 설계된 화합물, P1 ($Pred.pI_{50}$ = 5.48)는 기준물질로 사용된 kojic acid에 비하여 약 13.4배 높은 저해활성을 나타낼 것으로 예측되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.1357-1362
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• 2013

형개(Schizonepeta tenuifolia) 2 g을 70, 90, $110^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 원적외선 처리 후 물 100 mL와 함께 $60^{\circ}C$에서 1, 3, 5시간 추출하였다. 원적외선을 고온에서 처리함에 따라 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 tyrosinase 저해능이 증가하였다. 시료에 원적외선을 처리하였을 때 무처리구에 비해서 항산화능 및 tyrosinase 저해능이 증가하였으며, 특히 고온에서 원적외선을 처리할수록 좋은 활성을 보였다. 총 페놀 함량, DPPH 라디칼 소거능, ABTS 라디칼 소거능, tyrosinase 저해능이 $110^{\circ}C$에서 원적외선을 처리하였을 때 각각 약 2.5, 2.6, 2.3, 4.4배 증가하였고, 추출시간이 항산화 활성과 tyrosinase 저해능에 미치는 영향은 크지 않았다. 이러한 형개 추출물의 생리적 활성은 페놀성 화합물에 근거한 것으로 생각되며 형개를 건강기능식품이나 미백화장품의 소재로서 적용하고자 할 때 원적외선 처리는 매우 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2018

약용식물 재배지 토양의 야생효모 분포특성을 조사하고 이들 야생효모들의 산업적 응용성을 위한 자료를 얻고자 먼저 약용식물 집단 재배지인 충남 금산의 인삼과 당귀 재배지의 토양들을 2018년 3월에 50점을 채취하여 야생효모들을 분리, 동정하였다. 이들 시료들로부터 21종 43균주의 야생효모들이 분리되었고 인삼재배 논 토양에서는 Rhodotorula glutinis 균주가 6주, 당귀 재배 밭 토양에서는 Cyberlindnera saturnus 균주가 역시 6균주로 가장 많이 분리되었다. 이들 야생효모들을 이용하여 미백성 기능성 화장품 소재를 개발하고자 이들의 무세포추출물을 제조하여 tyrosinase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 저온성 야생효모인 Naganishia globosa G1-7가 28%의 가장 높은 저해활성을 보여 우수효모로 선발하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제3권3_4호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2000

Tyrosinase inhibitory activities of 14 kinds of seaweed, Ecklonia stolonifera, Ecklonia cava, Undaria pinnatiflda, Laminaria japonica, Sargassum fulvellum, Sargassum miyabei, Sargassum thunbergii, Porphyra yezoensis, Gracilaria verrucosa, Carpopeltis affinis, Pachymeniopsis elliptica, Gelidium amansii, Codium fragile and Ulva pertusa were determined using commercially available mushroom tyrosinase in an in vitro assay system. The $1\%$ (w/v) methanol extract from E. stolonifera showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity of $79.0\%$, electron donating activity of $79.0\%$ and total phenol content of 3.75 mg/100g. Ethyl acetate-methanol-water (7 : 2 : 0.2, v/v) fraction $(0.5\%,\;w/v)$ isolated from the methanol extract showed tyrosinase inhibitory activity of $75.9 \%$, electron donating activity of $88.1 \%$ and total phenol content of 4.38 mg/100g. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was closely associated with total phenol content (R = 0.99) and electron donating activity (R=0.99). Maximum absorption wavelength of the fraction was 218nm and that of phenolic compounds showed about a range from 210 to 220nm. The inhibition mode of the fraction was noncompetitive inhibition.