• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.3-13
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• 2014

Typology in Contemporary Architecture wants to escape from the classical typology that has the problems about specific program of structuralism, typical repeatation of customary form. As visible and non-visible things are appeared in contemporary architecture through the analysis of the inner system involving development process of changing itself, typology of contemporary is utilized at a tool of form generation in the process of architect. And it notes that the structural properties of the building system. The form of contemporary architecture has the new connecting strucure not reduced to existing ones. It carries out generative access as a device in order to solve the complexity of society. From this perspective, we analyze the process of projects of contemporary architects that can be typological strategy not representation of post geometric form but a tool of form generation in architectural process. As a result, we can find four characteristics of typology as a tool of form generation; 'interference and mix of program', 'continous slabs', 'rearrangement through relationship setting', 'transformation of multi-layers'. These are expanding to the process that reflect history and context or infer from morphology. Therefore, typology as architectural process of form generation overcomes morphological typology of classical typology and suggests that the different architectural approach having potential possibility.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.151-155
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• 2008

Modernization of cities and housing in Malaysia is the history of the establishment of international trading ports due to worldwide maritime trade and exchange. In cosmopolitan cities, new housing typology appeared from the influence of various ethnic immigrants and with the fusion of traditional Malaysian housing characteristics. This study is focus on classifying the representative housing typology of Malaysia produced through the Modernizaiton of cities. Through reference review and field study, Malaysian Modern housing can be classified into 2 categories. The first one is the transformation of traditional housing. Representative typology is shophouse. Shophouses were imported from the South Coast of China and transformed into Malaysian urban housing. And the other typology is bugalow. Bugalow is the result of the fusion of traditional timber house and Western palazzo. Secondly is urban housing typology. Modern urbanization required maximum utilization of land and new typologies in the form of multi-story apartments, flats and terrace house were developed to accomodate new needs. In the sub-urban areas, the English terrace houses typology was adopted which is based on the British system of land sub-division. And nowdays luxurious housing typology, condominium is one of the popular housing for medium and high society.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.325-340
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• 2012

KUbiquitous city(U-City) is a recent trend in urban planning and management across the globe. Currently, several typologies were developed and presented classifying U-City services, but validation research of these typologies are scarce. In this study, efforts were made to qualitatively validate the usability and practicality of a typology of u-city services. Using 228 U-City services identified in previous studies, classifying exercises were conducted against a typology. Three experts were involved in this expert heuristic exercise, against a most popularly used and comprehensive typology of U-City services. Findings indicates that the selected typology is high on comprehensive exhaustiveness, and empirical applicability while low on mutual exclusivity, simplicity and theoretical contribution. Implications for the typology improvement are suggested followed by limitations and directions for further research.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.151-164
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• 2004

Objectives : The objective of this study was to examine the biopsychological traits of each Sasang type from a personality theory perspective. Methods : A review of different theories of personality is provided, in addition to review of ten previous studies on the psychological characteristics of the Sasang types. Results : 1. Similarities and differences were found between Sasang typology and Western theories of personality. 2. The prevalence of Sasang type was 28:36:36 (So-Yang:Tae-Eum:So-Eum), and the majority of the study sample were males in their twenties. 3. The Yin-Yang and Large-Small axes of Sasang typology were comparable to Eysenck's Extraversion and Neuroticism dimension. So-Yang type showed high extraversion and low neuroticism, and So-Eum type exhibited low extraversion and high neuroticism. Tae-Eum type was extravert and neurotic, and highly distinctive in such physical traits as Body Mass Index and blood triglyceride concentration. 4. We make recommendations for future studies on Sasang typology within a biopsychosocial and cognitive framework. Conclusions : This study demonstrates the possibility of Sasang typology being explicable from a cross-cultural biopsychosocial theory.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2019

Objectives: There are substantial variations on the methods of identifying Sa-sang typology in clinical practice. This review aimed to describe the clinical experiences on the classification of Sa-sang typology based on index signs for practice of Tae-Geuk acupuncture. Methods: Core physical signs and interpretation of treatment response for the classification of Sa-sang typology are suggested based on 42-year clinical experiences of the expert (the first author). Results: Epigastric tenderness and hepatic dullness sound are the most important physical sign in the classification of Sa-sang typology. Clinical experiences indicate that there may be a positive association between the presence of epigastric tenderness and hepatic dullness sound. Four sets of acupuncture points are matched for four types of Sa-sang institution, respectively. Appropriate match will resolve epigastric tenderness and hepatic dullness sound, while this will not happen if inappropriate match is employed. Conclusion: I suggest that two physical signs (i.e., epigastric tenderness and hepatic dullness sound) are essential for the classification of Sa-sang typology in Tae-Geuk acupuncture.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.36
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• pp.87-104
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• 2003

The Chungdo-type Pottery Culture, distributed through the middle part of the Korean peninsula, is chronologically located in the very former stage of the advent of ancient states. It has two different traditions of pottery manufacturing technique which are totally different in choosing raw materials, shaping, fixing and firing. It seems that two different traditions had been selectively applied by pottery type. In order to understand this peculiar cultural aspect, the pottery typology needs to be different from those applied to cultures where pottery was made and used under the single manufacturing tradition. This study tries to find the new pottery typology which best fits for the understanding the chronology of the Chungdo-Type Pottery Culture. For this purpose, I examined existing typologies, recognized their problems, and then build a new typology. As a result, I found that the former typologies misinterpreted the relative frequencies of each pottery type as different function or region. In this article, I propose the new pottery typology as building a primary classification within each function and region, and then synthesizing all of primary classifications. This new typology eliminates the factors of function and region in understanding the chronology of the Chungdo-Type Pottery Culture, and assorts the regional distinction by comparing pottery types in each region.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2017

The phenomenon of increasing aging population is one of the crucial social and economic issues in these day. In this paper, drawn from the industrial application cases and relevant literatures, we present the typology of ICT convergent applications targeted for silver generation, referred as silver ICT. Subsequently, the contributional value of ICT as the enabling technology is estimated. We firstly conduct keyword search to collect currently used silver ICT applications. Secondly, drawn from the social welfare literature, we organize distinctive needs of the silver generations. Then, on the basis of task technology fit framework, typology of ICT enabled silver applications is organized through the fit of ICT in the sense of fulfilling those silver needs. Finally, using the industry input-output table figures, potential ICT contributions for silver ICT are estimated. The proposed silver ICT typology and ICT contributions provides useful insights for further research in the area of ICT convergence and silver market research.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.1034-1042
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• 2009

The study revisits Miles and Snow's strategy typology to investigate the performance relationship with the strategic behavior. Where the most strategy typology researches discern the typology by the respondent's survey such as choosing the best representative behavior for the organization, we developed the strategic typology by the organization's behavior such as marketing strategy, research and development strategy and members' attitudes to the quality. The financial crisis in Korea has reestablished organizational behavior. The study emphasized the changing attitudes of strategy. The results demonstrate that prospector organizations outperform other strategic behavior organizations.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.109-119
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• 2010

Modernization of cities and housing in Malaysia is a reflection of the history of the establishment of colonial trading ports for worldwide maritime trade and exchange. In cosmopolitan cities, new housing typology appeared from the influence of various ethnic immigrants and with the fusion of traditional Malay housing characteristics. This study is to focus on classifying the housing typologies of Malaysia which were formed through the modernization process of cities. The typologies of modern housing in Malaysia can be classified into two categories. The first category is the 'transformation of traditional housing'. The representative typology of this group is the ubiquitous shophouse. The shophouse was originally brought in by the Chinese immigrants from the south coast of China and transformed into the Malaysian urbanscape. The other typology is a detached-house known as the bungalo, which was the housing style combining the Malay traditional timber house and European palazzo. The second category is the 'modern urban housing typology'. Modern urbanization after the independence from the British in 1957 required the maximum utilization of land. To accommodate new social and economic needs, the new typologies were developed in the form of medium-density terrace houses (row houses) and high-density apartment. In the suburban areas, the British terrace house was adopted and developed into unique Malaysian terrace house and semi-detached house based on the British system of land sub division. In premium area of the city, luxurious housing type in the form of high-end condominium is one of the popular housing for upper middle-class and high-class society.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.109-118
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• 2011

Objectives Many studies have suggested different neurobiological findings and clinical courses in alcoholism. Recently, subtyping in alcohol dependence has become essential to overcome the heterogeneity of patients. Among several criteria of subtypes, Lesch's typology is proposed to integrate biological, social, and psychological factors. This review provides neurobiological findings and treatment-responses of alcohol dependence according to Lesch's typology. Method We searched the international published medical literature using the search terms 'Lesch's typology' and 'alcohol dependence' and using the limits 'human'. Results We identified 17 studies with subjects of alcohol dependence according to Lesch's typology. Conclusion They indicated that each subtype of Lesch's typology can have specific neurobiological factors and different clinical responses as follows. Lesch's subtype 1 is characterized by severe withdrawal symptoms and associated with elevated glutamate and homocysteine. Lesch's subtype 2 is defined by individuals who drink alcohol as self-medication for anxiety. Their craving has significant positive correlations with prolactin, leptin level, or intake-volume (vasopressin). Lesch's subtype 4 is related to cerebral dysfunction and associated with increased glutamate and left-handedness. Clinical trials showed that naltrexone was effective in Lesch's subtype 3 and 4 patients, while acamprosate was effective in the subtypes 1 and 2.