• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.13-30
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyzed the types of Deformation dipicted on the late 1990s western costumes. The late 20th century cultural experience or lifestyle is interpreted with 'popular culture' ,popular culture is described as cultural phenomenon in postmodern condition. Contemporary popular culture may no longer be strictly 'working-class' as the idealistic purists of political formalism would like to , but does emerge from subordinate cultures, from the inventive edges of the consensus, and from the previously ignored and suppressed. It gestured through a widening democratization of styles, sounds and images, to an important remarking , to new possibilities , new perpectives, new projects. The growing importance of popular culture as a source for change of expression in the art, expecially new desire and will of artists has been caused lots of ' Deformation' in their works. Deformation, doesn't mean to represent object faithfully as it were seen through the artist's eyes. In a sense it implies that artists deform it with conscious or unconscious form. So in this study , the phenomenon of the postmodern western costumes is to describe ' formative language' called 'Deformation.' and it is classified three types, that is, 'Deformation of human-body image.' , Deformation of silhouette.' 'Deformation of detail.'. First , Deformation of human-body image is represented by deconstructive , subversive image in western costumes, a lot of costumes types of deconstruction have been shown by fashion designers are emphasized empathy with Deformation of human-body image. Second, Deformation of silhouette is also represented subversion of traditional manner and ultiity, underwear and outwear structure and ugly image. parody image of postumodernism , and so on. Above all, the late 1990s western costumes with Deformation of silhouette was an infinitely larger and more complex world than it appeared from outside and has expressed as a rejection against the values which traditional aesthetic concept had pursued, And parody through the change of internal meaning is to bring about parodox, irony, contempt, satire , unexpectedness by applying the original to inapproporate subject through its substition, inversion. Third, Deformation of detail is represented overdecoration, exaggerative distortion of for , overlapping and fetish image, parody image, kitsch image, and so on , Once fetish achieve a certain' style factor' among trendsettler, they are picked up by internationally famous fashion designers, The characteristics of kitsch are overdecoration , unfitness , imitation , used western costumes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.88-89
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• 2000

대중문화의 용어는 독일어로서 '마스'(Uass)와 '쿨투어'(Kultur)의 복합어이다. '마스', '마센'(복수: 많은 정도를 의미함)이란 유럽사회에서 비귀족적이고 교육을 받지 못한 계층으로, 오늘날 중하 이하 계충의 사람들을 칭하는 말이다. '쿨투어'(문화라는 의미)는 영어의 '하이 컬처(high cultur) 즉 고급문화'로서 유럽사회의 교육을 잘 받은 엘리트 계층이 수용하는 미술, 음악, 문학 등과 상징적 산물인 건축의 실내외 장식, 조경 등을 가리킬 뿐만 아니라 이러한 문화예술의 애호가들인 교양인, 지식인의 감정이나 사고의 유형 등까지도 포함하는 말이다.(중략)

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.157-161
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• 2019

This study aims to investigate the types of popular songs and the paths to reach popular songs. Young children no longer sings for them. The popular song is deeply located around young children. Participants were 73 kindergarten children. Preliminary interviews were conducted from October 1, 2018 to October 11, 2018. Through the preliminary interview, the structured question was revised and the interview was conducted. This interview was conducted from October 22, 2018 to November 9. Based on the transferred data, I classified the types of popular songs that young children encounter into popular songs, popular singers, and genres. The path that young children touches the popular song is analyzed as place, medium, and person. As a popular song by young children, iKon as a popular singer, and k-pop as a genre. There were many kindergartens and houses in the place where young children got to know the popular songs, and they came into contact with many people through Youtube, and they got through family and friends. Through research, I have found that popular songs are already deeply embedded in the everyday life of young children. Now, it is necessary for young children to be equipped with popular song literacy.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.626-639
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• 2009

As the global trend of Retro combined with the tendency of individualism which respects dramatic change and diversity in the 21st century, Goth subculture of Korea developed into various popular styles. This study, noticing the influences of Goth to the Korean youth culture and fashion trends, intends to examine the current fashion trends to analyze the various aspects of the influences of Goth to the Korean youth culture. To do this, various documents and numerous Internet materials on the Korean Goth culture are comprehensively reviewed, and the Goth look images of popular stars, photographs from fashion magazines and fashion collections are gathered, analysed, and classified into types, and the specific characteristics of these types are comprehensively analysed. According to the result of this research, Punk Goth look, departing from the sensational and aggressive style of Punk look, expresses sexy and luxurious images, while Romantic Goth look shows the brilliant and cheerful style by mixing the cute girlish image and the elegant feminine image of exaggerated details and voluminous silhouette. Avant garde Goth look parodies Goth image by using the dramatic effects of Goth images or is expressed in performances. Sexy Goth look, which reveals the sexual attractiveness of men and women much more assertively, tries to do suggestive representation and excessive exposure of human body. Dandy Goth look, which has the simple and modern line, expresses the calm and chic feeling by employing basic items with minimized details and coordinating unique accessories for accent.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.61-79
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• 2000

ERP system is a very popular tool for pushing management innovation and implementing an integrated information system. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship among the structure of production systems, types of implementation strategy, relative importance of competitive goals, information technology and culture level, and the efficiency from using the system. The data for this study were collected from 45 Korean manufacturing firms that have implemented ERP system. Research results confirm that the success factors include the top managements' strategic views and culture level related to new information technology. But the linkage between the structure of production systems and types of implementation strategy is proved to be very weak. Also control effect of types of implementation strategy on the efficiency of the organization is not strongly recognized. A summarized report of other findings is provided as well.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.60-74
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• 2020

A Podaegi is a square cloth used to carry a baby. Podaegi was an essential necessity for raising baby. However currently Koreans prefer baby-carriers, baby hip-seats, and equipments other than Podaegi. Recently, Podaegi is becoming popular around the world. Therefore, it is necessary to study Podaegi to inform Korea's traditional parenting culture product. In this research, 230 images of Podaegi were collected from paintings, photographs, postcards, films and artifacts from the late 18th century to 2000. The period of study was divided into three phases from the late Joseon Dynasty to before the opening of the port, from the opening of the port to before the liberation, and from the liberation to 2000. Types of Podaegi were categorized according to its shape and how to use. Transition process of Podaegi was examined. Podaegis were categorized into band type, blanket type, combination type, cheone type, modern type, and so on. From the late Joseon Dynasty to before the pre-openings, band type was used. From the opening of the port to liberation, all types of Podaegi appeared. Since the liberation, the use of band and blanket type has gradually decreased. Modern types have been the most popular since the 1960s. Materials of Podaegi became varied and Podaegi became a fashion-item. Later, modern Podaegi became the representative form of Korean traditional Podaegi.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.389-407
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• 2020

With YouTube's overwhelming share of the market, research on analyzing the types of content on YouTube is essential. An analysis of major global fashion YouTubers that the types of video content could be largely classified into three main categories: Fashion, beauty and daily life. The fashion category was subdivided into styling and fashion product review content type. The beauty category was subdivided into tutorials, beauty product reviews, and beauty tip content types. The daily life category was subdivided into daily sharing, consultation, and Q & A content types. Video content within fashion YouTuber channels is accompanied by expertise in fashion and beauty. At the same time, videos on daily life are uploaded, and through interactive communication with viewers, YouTubers form an intimate bond with subscribers. Content emphasizing entertainment, not just information delivery that introduces fashion products, is attracting growing interest among subscribers. This study analyzed the content of the increasingly popular fashion YouTuber channels and determined its important characteristics. The study makes a significant contribution to academic research by laying a foundation for future studies of YouTube content in the fashion field. Since differences in country of birth and race among YouTubers may influence content production, follow-up research will be conducted on the types and characteristics of domestic fashion YouTubers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.151-166
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• 2013

In order to create a national myth and be able to control international society, America with her short national history, used popular culture to accomplish these goals. The medium fit this purpose the best was the use of superhero characters based on comics. Born and developed from the 1930s through the 1960s, which could be seen as America's national crisis era, superhero characters were thorough advocates of American justice and was perfect for the role of spreading the legitimacy of American ideology. From the 1970s, superhero characters became part of movies and became even more influential through the Hollywood's massive film industry and the box office success. American ideology in superhero characters symbolically appeared in movie costumes. Starting with Superman and Batman, the very first and typical superhero characters' costumes work as metaphors for realization of American justice. After the 1980s, superheroes were newly developed through a genre called graphic novel and the most representative piece of this genre is Alan Moore's Watchmen. In the Watchmen, which was also turn into a movie in 2009, six changed superhero characters appear ranging from a non-human superhero, villain superhero, superhero with mental disorder and superhero with sexual impotency, the characters were never-seen-before superheroes with different aspects that connote introspection and philosophical ideology. The changed type of heroes and ideology became another form of heroes, and this brought changes to character costumes that were never considered before. The superhero costumes that used to symbolize America now express different types of superhero by borrowing exotic mythical elements, undressing, pastiche and daily life clothes. The superhero characters and their changes in costumes from Watchmen imply American popular culture's introspective tendency. Amongst these changes, we need to raise our critical vision towards popular culture.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.73-88
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• 2012

There are practicality, ornamentality and symbolic in a folding fan among Western accessories, and that is a little tool to enhance the overall harmony of a dress. The purpose of this study was to examine Western folding fans in an effort to shed light on the history, culture, fashion and life of different ages in which folding fans had been used. It's specifically meant to look into the mentality of people who had used folding fans. The meaning and function of folding fans were investigated, and their diverse types and characteristics were analyzed. As a result, it's found that in the West, a folding fan was one of major accessories that had an inseparable relation to popular clothes in each age and were necessary for a perfect coordination. Folding fans had been used as ornaments for Western noble women since the 16th century. After a certain period of time passed by, the 18th century became the heyday of folding fans. At that time, folding fans were one of aesthetic art works that even served as a means of mental exchange.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.588-597
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• 2012

This study was to examine Kwa-Jung-ryu, a traditional Korean confectionery, made by head families. We examined the materials and recipes of Kwa-Jung-ryu, which were classified into Yumilgwa, Yugwa, Jeonggwa, Dasikgwa, Yeot-Gangjeong, Dang (Yeot), and others. There were 13 head families that introduced Kwa-Jung-ryu, two each from Gyeonggi-do, Jeolla-do, and Chuncheong-do, and seven from Gyeongsang-do. There are 33 types of Kwa-Jung-ryu, which averages to about 2.5 types per family. But the Pungsan Ryu, Yeoju Lee, and Andong Kwon families introduced the most Kwa-Jung-ryu with 5 types each. The most popular types of Kwa-Jung-ryu were Yumilgwa, introduced by 7 families (Yakgwa by 6 and Maejakgwa by 1), then Jeonggwa by 6 families (Jeonggwa by 3, Pyeon-gang by 1, and Jeonggwa and Pyeon-gang by 2), and Dasikgwa and other Kwa-Jung-ryu by 5 families (Gotgam-mari by 4 and Seopsansam by 1). Classifying Kwa-Jung-ryu by recipe, the most frequently introduced were 8 types of Jeonggwa-ryu, 7 types of Yumilgwa, 5 types of Dasikgwa, 3 types of Yeot-Gangjeong and Dang (Yeot), and 2 types of Yugwa.