• Water Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.73-89
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• 2005

Two kinds of high resolution GCMs with the same spatial resolutions but with different schemes run by domestic and foreign agencies are used to clarify the usefulness and sensitivity of GCM for water resources applications for Korea. One is AMIP-II (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project-II) type GCM simulation results done by ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) and the other one is AMIP-I type GCM simulation results done by METRI (Korean Meteorological Research Institute). Observed mean areal precipitation, temperature, and discharge values on 7 major river basins were used for target variables. Monte Carlo simulation was used to establish the significance of the estimator values. Sensitivity analyses were done in accordance with the proposed ways. Through the various tests, discrimination condition is sensitive for the distribution of the data. Window size is sensitive for the data variation and the area of the basins. Discrimination abilities of each nodal value affects on the correct association. In addition to theses sensitivity analyses results, we also noticed some characteristics of each GCM. For Korean water resources, monthly and small window setting analyses are recommended using GCMs.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.19-25
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• 2008

Selective Catalytic Reduction is effective in the reduction of NOx emission. This research focused to evaluate the performance of a urea-SCR system and was conducted in two procedures. One is SCR reactor test using model gas in order to provide an optimal injection condition itself. In this step, some parametric study on emission temperature, space velocity, aspect ratio and the formation of urea spray were made by using flow visualization and Computation Fluid Dynamics techniques. The basic simulation results contributed in determining the layout for an actual engine test. The other is an engine performance and emission test. The urea injector was placed at the opposite direction of exhaust gases emitted into an exhaust duct and an optimal amount of a reducing agent is estimated accurately under different engine loads and speeds. Furthermore, the variation of NOx emission and applied amount of urea was investigated in terms of modes under the condition of with and without SCR, and other emissions such as PM, CO and NMHC were evaluated quantitatively as well. This research may provide fundamental data for the practical use of urea-SCR in future.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.21-24
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• 2016

In recent years, the iron-dominated high-temperature superconductor (HTS) quadrupole magnets are being developed for heavy ion accelerators. Field analyses for iron-dominated quadrupole magnets were based on the normal-conducting (NC) quadrupole magnet early in the development for accelerators. Some conclusions are still in use today. However, the magnetic field of iron-dominated HTS quadrupole magnets cannot fully follow these conclusions. This study established an HTS quadrupole magnet model and an NC quadrupole magnet model, respectively. The harmonic characteristics of two magnets were analyzed and compared. According to the comparison, the conventional iron-dominated quadrupole magnets can be designed for maximum field gradient; the HTS quadrupole magnet, however, should be considered with varying field gradient. Finally, the HTS quadrupole magnet was designed for the changing field gradient. The field quality of the design was improved comparing with the result of the previous study. The new design for the HTS quadrupole magnet has been suggested.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.11-15
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• 2016

FE analyses for weldment of ship structure are required for various reasons such as stress concentration for bead tow, residual stress and distortion after welding, and hydrogen diffusion for prediction of low temperature crack. These analyses should be done by solid element modeling, but most of ship structures are modeled by shell element. If we are able to make solid element in the shell element FE modeling it is easily to solve the requirement for solid elements in weld analysis of large ship structures. As the nodes of solid element cannot take moments from nodes of shell element, these two kinds of element cannot be used in one model by conventional modeling. The PSCM (Perpendicular shell coupling method) can connect shell to solid. This method uses dummy perpendicular shell element for transferring moment from shell to solid. The target of this study is to develop a FE pre-processing system applicable at welding at ship structure by using PSCM. We also suggested glue-contact technique for controlling element numbers and element qualities and applied it between PSCM and solid element in automatic pre-processing system. The FE weldment modeling through developed pre-processing system will have rational stiffness of adjacent regions. Then FE results can be more reliable when turn-over of ship-block with semi-welded state or ECA (Engineering critical assessment) of weldment in a ship-block are analyzed.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

In the present work, flow analysis has been performed in the steam turbine bypass control valve (single-path type) for two different cases i.e., case with steam only and case with both steam and water. The numerical analysis is performed by solving three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The shear stress transport (SST) model and $k-{\varepsilon}$ model are used to each different case as turbulence closure. Symmetry condition is applied at the mid plane of the valve while adiabatic condition is used at the outer wall of the cage. Grid independency test is performed to find the optimal number of grid points. The pressure and temperature distributions on the outer wall of the cage are analyzed. The mass flow rate at maximum plug opening condition is compared with the designed mass flow rate. The numerical analysis of multiphase mixing flow(liquid and vapor) is also performed to inspect liquid-vapor volume fraction of bypass valve. The result of volume fraction is useful to estimate both the safety and confidence of valve design.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07b
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• pp.817-819
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• 1995

Applied by periodic Stimulating Currents in Bonhoeffer-Van der Pol(BVP) model, chaotic and periodic phenomena occured at specific conditions. The conditions of the chaotic motion in BVP comprised 0.7182< $A_{1}$ <0.792 and 1.09< $A_{1}$ <1.302 proved by the analysis of phase plane, bifurcation diagram, and lyapunov exponent. To control the chaotic motion, two methods were suggested by the first used the amplitude parameter $A_{1}$,$A_{1}={\varepsilon}((x-x_{s})-(y-y_{s}))$ and the second used the temperature parameter c, c=c$(1+ {\eta}cos{\Omega}t)$ which the values of $\eta$, ${\Omega}$ varied respectlvly, and $x_{s}$, $y_{s}$ are the periodic signal. As a result of simulating these methods, the chaotic phenomena was controlled with the periodic motion of periodisity. The feasibilities of the chaotic and the periodic phenomena were analysed by phase plane and lyapunov exponent.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.150-160
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• 2000

Turbulent natural convective flow and heat transfer in a square enclosure with horizontal partition are investigated numerically. The enclosure is composed of a lower hot and a upper cold horizontal walls and adiabatic vertical walls. Partitions carried with the upward, downward, and both control plates are attached perpendicularly to the one of the vertical insulated walls, respectively. The low Reynolds number $k-\varepsilon$ model is adopted to calculate the turbulent thermal convection. The governing equations are solved by using the finite element method with Galerkin method. The computations have been carried out by varying the length of partition, the position of control plates, and the Rayleigh number based on the temperature difference between two horizontal walls and the enclosure height for water(Pr=4.95). When the control plates are attached at the edge of partition, the stability of oscillating flow grows wrose with the increase of Rayleigh number and the partition length. The heat transfer rate has been reducer than that of no control plate due to the restraint of control plates with the increase of Rayleigh number.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

In this work, we propose weather prediction models to estimate hourly outdoor temperatures and solar irradiance in the next day using forecasting information. Hourly weather data predicted by the proposed models are useful for setting system operating strategies for the next day. The outside temperature prediction model considers 3-hourly temperatures forecasted by Korea Meteorological Administration. Hourly data are obtained by a simple interpolation scheme. The solar irradiance prediction is achieved by constructing a dataset with the observed cloudiness and correspondent solar irradiance during the last two weeks and then by matching the forecasted cloud factor for the next day with the solar irradiance values in the dataset. To verify the usefulness of the weather prediction models in predicting a short-term building load, the predicted data are inputted to a TRNSYS building model, and results are compared with a reference case. Results show that the test case can meet the acceptance error level defined by the ASHRAE guideline showing 8.8% in CVRMSE in spite of some inaccurate predictions for hourly weather data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2004.03a
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• pp.34-40
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• 2004

Two different type scramjet models with side-wall compression and top-wall compression inlets have been tested in HPTF (Hypersonic Propulsion Test Facility) under the experimental conditions of Mach number 5.8, total temperature 1700K, total pressure 4.5㎫ and mass flow rate 3.5kg/s. The liquid kerosene was used as main fuel for the scramjets. In order to get fast ignition in the combustor, a small amount of hydrogen was used as a pilot. A strut with alternative tail was employed for increasing the compression ratio and for mixing enhancement in the side-wall compression case. Recessed cavities were used as a flameholder for combustion stability. The combustion efficiency was estimated by one dimensional theory. The uniformity of the facility nozzle flow was verified by a scanning pitot rake. The experimental results showed that the kerosene fuel was successfully ignited and stable combustion was achieved for both scramjet models. However the thrusts were still less than the model drags due to the low combustion efficiencies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 1996

Efforts are concentrated onto effective simulation of surface discharged heat water in two-dimensional depth-averaged finite element model using Gaussian puff algorithm incorporating near-field characteristics as patches computed from CORMIX3 with ambient flow variations. Concise analyses of horizontal and vertical temperature distributions are made for real coastal power plant discharges through four field observations and the results from this proposed method are in good agreements with observations in far-field as well as near-field. Thus, this method can simulate the heat dispersion effectively for the whole region since the complex jet momentum characteristics and ambient flows are easily represented in 10 meters of finite element discretization around a discharging point.