• 천문학회보
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.68.1-68.1
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• 2016

Binary black hole mergers are one of the important candidate of gravitational wave (GW) emission. Recently a successful GW observation was done by LIGO team, but it is still uncertain how many GW signals will be observable. In this research, we perform simplified N-body simulations containing three mass components, ordinary stars with two kind of stellar mass black holes. Various BH compositions are tested to investigate the effect of BH mass function on binary formation rate. As a result, we find the binary formation rate is not much affected by BH mass function and always around 30 %, but the detectable merging binaries are largely depend on higher mass BH population.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2006

The tadpole larvae of most ascidians have two sensory pigment cells in their brain vesicle. The anterior otolith pigment cell is sensitive to gravity, whereas the posterior ocellus pigment cell responds to light. Besides these two sensory cells, the larvae also possess another type of sensory receptor cell: hydrostatic pressure receptor (Hpr) cells. The Hpr cells have been presumed to sense hydrostatic water pressure, although no functional analysis has been performed. In larvae of the ascidian Halocynthia reretzi, the development of the Hpr cells and their structure in the brain vesicle are poorly understood. To investigate the morphology and formation of the Hpr cells, we established a monoclonal antibody, Hpr-1, that specifically recognizes Hpr cells. The Hpr-1 antigens became detectable in the brain vesicle at the late tailbud stage. Each Hpr cell projected a small globular body, connected by a short stalk, into the lumen of the brain vesicle. The brain vesicle showed remarkable left-right asymmetry. Pigment cells were located on the right side in the lumen of the brain vesicle, whereas Hpr cells were present in the left side. After metamorphosis, the Hpr cells were observed near the rudimental siphons of the juvenile.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2008

The effects of vitamin $D_{3}$ supplementation on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in ovariectmized rats were investigated. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 180 g) were divided into two group, ovariectomy and Sham groups, which were each randomly divided into two subgroups that were fed casein and casein supplemented with vitamin $D_{3}$ diets. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PIXlmus (GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin, USA) in spine and femur on 6 weeks after feeding. Osteocalcin and urinary DPD crosslinks value were measured as markers of bone formation and resorption. The body weight gain and food efficiency ratio (FER) were higher in OVX groups than in Sham groups regardless of diets. Serum Ca concentration and urinary Ca excretion were higher in vitamin $D_{3}$ supplemented group than in casein group in Sham and OVX. Crosslinks values were higher in OVX groups than in Sham groups. Spine BMD and femur BMD of ovariectomy group were significantly lower than Sham groups, however vitamin $D_{3}$ supplemented groups were significantly higher than control groups in Sham and OVX. In conclusion, dietary vitamin $D_{3}$ supplementation on ovariectimized rats were significantly increased bone mineral density and bone mineral content in spine and femur.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권1호통권29호
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• pp.251-270
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• 1995

In the Literatual Study on the Dysphonia, the results were as follows. 1. The causes of dysphonia are exogenous pathogenic factors,(specially cold evil)internal damage and meridian in The Yellow Emperor's Canon of Interal Medicine, since then endogenous pathogenic factors are lung-asthenia and deficiency of lung-yin etc. The main causes are disease caused by exogenous evils, general body weakness, emotional stimulation and excess of high voice rescently. 2. The pathogenesis of dysphonia originated from two factors; The first internal damages are consumption of body fluid with the formation of dryness evil resulting from the insufficienty of lung-yin and lung-collaterals damaged by heat-evil caused by deficiency of lung and kidney-yin. The second disease caused by exogenous evils is sluggishness of lung-energy caused by exogenous pathogenic factors. 3. The main relative organ are heart, lung and kidney etc. 4. The prescriptions of wind-cold symptoms are Samyoutang(三拗湯) and Hangsosan(杏蘇散), in the prescriptions of phlegm-heat symptom is Chenginyongphetang(淸咽寧肺湯), in the prescriptions of depressive syndrome due to disorder of vital energy are Sogangkitang(小降氣湯) and Shihochenggantang(柴胡淸肝湯加減), in the prescriptions of consumption of body fluid with the formation of dryness evil resulting from the insufficiency of lung-yin symptoms are Sanghangtang(桑杏湯) and Chenginguphetang(淸咽救肺湯, in the prescriptions of deficiency of lung and kidney-yin are Baekhabgokumtang(百合固金湯) and Maekmigiwhangtang(麥味地黃湯). 5. The treatment of acupunctures are used by LI-4(合谷), H-7(湧泉), Liv-3(太衝), K-3(太谿), Sp-6(三陰交), H-5(通里), GV-15(아門), CV-23(廉泉), S-40(農隆), K-6(照海), L-7(列缺), S-36(足三里) etc.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.320-326
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• 2007

An important related question is whether arginine has influence bone metabolism. The effect of arginine supplements on bone markers and related hormones were studied in young female Sprague-Dawley rats fed either an arginine supplemented diet or control diet. Twenty four rats (body weight 83${\pm}$5 g) were randomly assigned to one of two groups, consuming casein or casein with supplemented arginine diet. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone formation was measured by serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations. And bone resorption rate was measured by deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks immunoassay and corrected for creatinine. Serum osteocalcin, growth hormone, estrogen, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin were analyzed using radioimmunoassay kits. The weight gain and mean food intake were not affected regardless of diets. The rats fed arginine-supplemented diet had not significantly different in ALP, osteocalcin, crosslinks value, PTH, estradiol, and IGF-1 compared to those fed casein diet group. The arginine-supplemented group had significantly higher growth hormone and calcitonin than casein group. This study suggests that arginine is beneficial for bone formation in growing female rats. Therefore exposure to diet which rich in arginine early in life may have benefits for bone formation and osteoporosis prevention.

• 복식
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2005

This study is to research the types and formation of the pieces for fastening the clothing in the western and oriental world from 18c to 19c. The pieces for fastening the clothing, depending on their formation, are classified as the ribbon type, the belt type, the button type, and the compound type. The ribbon type indicates fastening the clothing with the strips attached to the clothes. It is divided into the symmetry type and the asymmetry type by the looks of the ribbon alter it is tied. The belt type means fastening the clothing with a string or a belt, separated from the clothes. It is divided into the string type and the belt type. The button type is to fasten the clothing with buttons, button holes, and hooks. It is divided into the basic type, the wrapping type, and the knot type. The compound type is a mixture of two or three types out of the ribbon type, the belt type, and the button type. The pieces for fastening the clothing has aesthetic features as well as their functional characteristics. It has beautiful features like the harmonious beauty of Yin and Yen shown in the asymmetrical types, the beauty of spell wishing for health, long-life, wealth, wisdom, and so on, the beauty of decency showing the intention of refraining from exposing their body in public, the beauty of eroticism emphasizing the beauty of the human body, and the beauty of representing their social class, authority, affiliation, and so on.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

생체모방법을 이용하여 표면 처리된 titanium plates 표면에 아파타이트 형성에 관하여 조사하였다. 표면 처리방법으로는 우선, titanium plate 표면에 titanium oxide층을 형성시키기 위하여 열처리온도를 $400^{\circ}C$, $600^{\circ}C$, 그리고 $800^{\circ}C$에서 전기로에서 5시간 유지하였으며, 열처리된 titanium plates 1 M를 수산화나트늄 용액에 침전시켜 표면을 화학적으로 처리하였다. 생체모방법으로 titanium plates 표면에 아파타이트를 형성시키기 위하여 표면처리된 titanium plates 를 Kokubo's recipe에 의하여 제조된 생체유사액(SBF)에 침적시켰다. SBF 용액에 1주와 3주기간 동안 침적시킨 후, 표면처리를 달리한 titanium plates 표면에 형성된 코팅층을 서로 비교 분석하였다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2005

The present study was carried out to investigate the skin irritation potential of oregano oil in rabbits. A volume of 0.5 ml of test article was applied to intact and abraded skins, respectively, for 24 h in 6 healthy male New Zealand White rabbits. Parameters measured during 72 h observation period were mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes, and local irritation. Treatment-related toxic symptoms, as evidenced by anorexia and decreased locomotor activity, were observed in all rabbits tested. Two rabbits out of the 6 total died on day 2 after the application of test article due to treatment-related toxicity. The mean body weight of test animals decreased progressively during the 72 h observation period. All animals showed very slight edema at 24 h and then recovered at 72 h. These animals also showed very slight to severe erythema and/or slight eschar formation at both 24 h and 72 h. The eschar formation induced by oregano oil was not recovered at the end of additional 11-day recovery period. Based on these results, it was concluded that a single dermal application of the undiluted oregano oil caused an increased incidence of clinical signs and death and a decrease in the body weight and showed a primary irritation index score of 2.79 indicating moderate irritation.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.105-116
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• 1992

The present study was examined to clarify the role of calcium ion as a factor for the maturation of mouse oocytes. Follicles and cumulus-enclosed oocytes were isolated with two sharp needles under a stereomicroscope from female mouse (ICR) ovaries which were treated PMSG 5 IU 45-46 hours previously. Isolated follicles and cumulus-enclosed oocytes were cultured for 14-16 hours in an organ culture system at $37^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ in air and 100% humudified in incubator. MHBS was the basic medium used from which A23187, verapamil, $NiCl_{2.}$ $6H_2O$ and $LaCl_{3.}$ $7H_2O$ were added depending on the experimental groups. In follicle- or cumulus-enclosed oocytes wre cultured in these differently treated media. Following results were obtained from the present study. 1. The calcium ionophore A23187 directly or indirectly seems to stimulate GVBD of follicle-enclosed mouse oocytes. Increasing concentration of ionophore A23187 1ed to an increase in oocytes degeneration from the cumulus-enclosed mouse oocytes. 2. The organic $Ca^{++}$ channel blocker, verapamil does not induce GVBD of follicle-enclosed mouse oocytes. Specially, higher dose of 1 mM verapamil induced GVBD of follicle-enclosed mouse oocytes. However, cytoplasm of GVBD oocytes in 1 mM verapamil treated groups appeared shrunk. In the cumulus-enclosed oocytes, polar body formation was reduced in verapamil treated groups and degeneration increased. Verapamil inhibit oocyte maturation (polar body formation). 3. The $Ca^{++}$ inhibitor, Nickel ($NiCl_{2.}$ $6H_2O$) inhibits maturation of the follicle-enclosed oocytes. In the cumulus-enclosed oocytes the progression to MII (PB formation) was reduced and degeneration of mouse oocytes increased as the concentration of $Ni^{++}$ increase. The results indicates that nickel act as an inhibitor of calcium. 4. The $Ca^{++}$ inhibitors, Lanthanum ($LaCl_{3.}$ $7H_2O$) has shown different effect from that of nickel. In follicle-enclosed oocytes, 0.01mM lanthanum induced maturation of mouse oocytes. Polar body formation was reduced in the cumulus-enclosed oocytes all lanthanum treated group.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한연소학회 2003년도 제27회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.11-18
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• 2003

The soot formation and oxidation characteristics with different radiation boundary conditions have been studied experimentally in a co-flow ethylene/air laminar diffusion flame. The boundary conditions are two cases, one is a fully refractive radiation boundary condition by a polished aluminum cylinder(AL) and the other is a fully absorbing radiation boundary condition by a black body cylinder(BB). The AL case compared with BB condition show the lower inception point, denser soot volume fraction, wider and longer annular soot area owing to the reabsorption of radiating energy.