• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.327-333
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• 2002

In this study, the effect of tunnel advance rate on the seepage forces acting on the tunnel face was studied. The finite element program to analyze the groundwater flow around a tunnel with the consideration of tunnel advance rate was developed. Using the program, the parametric study for the effect of the tunnel advance rate and hydraulic characteristics of the ground on the seepage forces acting on the tunnel face was studied. From this study, it was concluded that the tunnel advance rate must be taken into consideration as an additional parameter to assess the seepage forces at the tunnel face and a rational design methodology for the assessment of support pressures required for maintaining the stability of the tunnel face was suggested for underwater tunnels.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2011

The jet fan is generally used to add thrust in the longitudinal ventilation system of road tunnel and the geometric conditions of jet fan such as the distance from tunnel wall have an effect on the performance of ventilation system. Numerical analyses on the flow in tunnel caused by operation of jet fan are presented to study the ventilation characteristics in tunnel. While the distance between jet fans in parallel installed in tunnel is changed 0.5 L/D to 3.0 L/D, the flowrate and mean velocity through tunnel are calculated for each cases. As the distance between jet fans increases, the flowrate through tunnel increases asymptotically and the momentum of tunnel flow is alike.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.327-333
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• 2003

터널 및 지하공동 설계에 이용된 23개 지역의 578개의 시추공발파 진동 data와 시공 중인 일반터널의 4개 지역으로부터 221개 진동 data를 이용, 시추공발파의 진동전달 특성을 분석하였다. 시추공발파와 일반터널발파의 진동속도 감쇠 경향을 비교 분석한 결과 시추공발파의 입지상수들이 크게 나타났다. 환산거리가 클 때 최대 허용장약량은 시추공발파의 식으로 계산한 것이 더 적었다. 주진동수에 대한 주파수 분석결과 시추공발파는 30∼60Hz, 일반터널발파는 60∼90Hz로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로부터 시추공발파 자료를 터널발파 설계에 직접 사용하는데 다소의 문제가 있는 것으로 판단되며 보다 정확한 설계를 위하여 통계적 처리가 불가피할 것으로 보인다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.337-346
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• 2013

풍화암반에 저심도 터널을 굴착하였을 때 발생하는 지표침하의 특성을 분석하였다. 터널은 아파트 등 건물하부를 지나고 터널까지의 최저심도는 약 11 m, 터널 폭도 약 11 m이다. 건물에 인접한 터널 180 m 구간에 지표침하핀을 23개 설치하고 약 2년의 공사기간 동안 지표침하를 계측하였다. 이와 같이 계측한 지표침하량을 최적화하여 3차원 지표침하면을 모사하였고 지표침하폭 매개변수(K)와 터널단위길이당 횡단면침하체적(Vs)의 변화를 분석하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.2686-2697
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• 1994

When a railway train enters a tunnel at high speed, a compression wave is formed in front of the train and propagates along the tunnel. The compression wave subsequently emerges from the exit of the tunnel, which causes an impulsive noise. In order to estimate the magnitudes of the noises and to effectively minimize them, the characteristics of the compression wave propagating in a tunnel must be understood. In the present paper, the experimental and analytical investigations on the attenuation and distortion of the propagating compression waves were carried out using a model tunnel. This facility is a kind of open-ended shock tube with a fast-opening gate valve instead of a general diaphragm. One-dimensional flow model employed in the present study could appropriately predict the strength of the compression wave, Mach number and flow velocity induced by the compression wave. The experimental results show that the strength of a compression wave decreases with the distance from the tunnel entrance. The decreasing rate of the wave strength and pressure gradient in the wave is strongly dependent on the strength of the initial compression wave at the tunnel entrance.

• 지질공학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2001

영천댐 도수로 터널 중 청송군 현서면 지역의 터널 구간(연장 1,484m)에 대한 터널내 유입량과 수리지질학적 특성간의 관계를 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 터널내로 유입되는 초기 유입량(라이닝 및 그라우팅 이전의 유입량)과 터널지역의 사암층, 절리빈도, 절리간극 및 간격, 단층, 수리전도도간의 관계를 분석하였다. 그리고 절리빈도와 수리전도도의 관계도 고찰하였다. 본 연구지역에서는 단층폭과 터널내 지하수 유입량의 관련성이 가장 크며, 사암의 두께, 수리전도도, 절리빈도순으로 관련성이 낮아지는 것으로 판단된다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.60-71
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• 2022

A wind tunnel provides artificial airflow around a model throughout the test section for investigating aerodynamic loads. It has various applications, which include demonstration of aerodynamic loads in the building, automobile, wind energy, and aircraft industries. However, owing to the high equipment costs and space-requirements of wind tunnels, it is challenging for numerous studies to utilize a wind tunnel. Therefore, a digital wind tunnel can be utilized as an alternative for experimental research because it occupies a significantly smaller space and is easily operable. In this study, we performed airfoil testing based on velocity field measurements utilizing a digital wind tunnel. This wind tunnel can potentially be utilized to test the full-range aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 상부 토피고가 낮거나 지반조건이 불량한 터널의 경우 기존 터널의 보강공법과 다른 선지보네일 보강공법을 적용한 터널의 설계 및 시공사례를 조사하였다. 신기술 신공법인 선지보네일 보강공법을 대단면 터널 상부지반에 보강하여 기존 터널 보강공법들에 비하여 보강효과 및 안정성 측면의 실효성을 확인하였다. 선지보네일 공법에 대한 설계, 현장시공 사례 및 계측 데이타를 조사하여 그 보강 결과를 확인하였으며, 터널 상부지반 선지보네일 보강에 따른 대단면 터널의 아칭 특성에 대하여 유한요소 수치해석 프로그램인 MIDAS/GTS를 이용하여 연구하였다. 이와 더불어 터널 상부지반에 선지보네일 공법을 적용함에 있어서 적절한 설치간격과, 적용시 공법의 보강효과를 극대화하기 위한 방법을 제시하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권12호
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• pp.1796-1803
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• 2015

Unlike commercial LTE network, LTE-R railway network is arranged along a railroad track and the base stations of the network (RUs) are also installed on the waysides. For urban railway systems that are composed of underground tunnels, the leakage coaxial cables are widely used due to the radio propagation characteristics in tunnels. In theory, the tunnel sections are interpreted as the waveguide with blank spaces and for this reason, the tunnel sections are expected to be better than open ground sections in terms of the radio propagation characteristics. In this paper, we analyze the radio propagation characteristics based on this theory by replacing the leakage coaxial cables in the network with Yagi antennas. The test has been carried out in the 2.2km tunnel in the Daebul test track of KORAIL with 2.6GHz LTE-R Network. The LTE-R applicability in urban railways has been tested through the analysis on the radio propagation characteristics with the unmanned train operation system in Daebul tunnel.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.361-397
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• 2017

The unloading effect from excavations can cause the deformation of adjacent tunnels, which may seriously influence the operation and safety of those tunnels. However, systematic studies of the deformation characteristics of tunnels located along side excavations are limited, and simplified methods to predict the influence of excavations on tunnels are also rare. In this study, the simulation capability of a finite element method (FEM) considering the small-strain characteristics of soil was verified using a case study. Then, a large number of FEM simulations examining the influence of excavations on adjacent tunnels were conducted. Based on the simulation results, the deformation characteristics of tunnels at different positions and under four deformation modes of the retaining structure were analyzed. The results indicate that the deformation mode of the retaining structure has a significant influence on the deformation of certain tunnels. When the deformation magnitudes of the retaining structures are the same, the influence degree of the excavation on the tunnel increased in this order: from cantilever type to convex type to composite type to kick-in type. In practical projects, the deformation mode of the retaining structure should be optimized according to the tunnel position, and kick-in deformation should be avoided. Furthermore, two methods to predict the influence of excavations on adjacent tunnels are proposed. Design charts, in terms of normalized tunnel deformation contours, can be used to quantitatively estimate the tunnel deformation. The design table of the excavation influence zones can be applied to determine which influence zone the tunnel is located in.