• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
• /
• v.35D no.11
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 1998

Magnitude/phase controlling circuit which is composed of attenuator and phase shifter make phase/gain cross-coupling, so too much tuning time is needed to find optimum operation point. In this paper, vector attenuator which control magnitude and phase of input signals is proposed. Vector attenuator in past ignores phase variation characteristics of attenuator, but vector attenuator of this paper compensates phase variation characteristics of attenuator. This vector attenuator consists of 0$^{\circ}$/180$^{\circ}$ phase shifter and low phase shifting attenuator and so forth. A 0$^{\circ}$/180$^{\circ}$ phase shifter has 0$^{\circ}$/179.9$^{\circ}$ phase shifting characteristics at a center frequency 881 MHz and a low phase shifting attenuator has an attenuation of 25dB, within the limit of 3.6$^{\circ}$ phase shift and less than -20dB reflection characteristics at both input and output ports. The designed vector attenuator shows that cartesian coordinate plane of output signal space can be represented correctly.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.3 no.1 s.4
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 1999

In this paper, the resistive mixer for 5.86Hz wireless LAN, main part receiving system, was designed and implemented. The noise characteristics and the linearity in the base band was superior. For the use of local oscillator of mixer, dielectric resonator of stable output and temperature characteristics was designed. For the electrical tuning by the capacitance variation of varactor diode, the microstrip line and magnetic coupling characteristics of the dielectric resonance was used. It was obtained that gain of the proposed resistive mixer containing the RF cable loss, is -13.8dB, the conversion loss of frequency converter is -12 dB, and the output power of local oscillator is 1.67 dBm.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.533-541
• /
• 2017

This paper presents a novel Parameter-Independent Fictive-Axis (PIFA) approach for the Voltage-Oriented Control (VOC) algorithm used in grid-tied single-phase inverters. VOC is based on the transformation of the single-phase grid current into the synchronous reference frame. As a result, an orthogonal current signal is needed. Traditionally, this signal has been obtained from fixed time delays, digital filters or a Hilbert transformation. Nevertheless, these solutions present stability and transient drawbacks. Recently, the Fictive Axis Emulation (FAE) VOC has emerged as an alternative for the generation of the quadrature current signal. FAE requires detailed information of the grid current filter along with its transfer function for signal creation. When the transfer function is not accurate, the direct and quadrature current components present steady-state oscillations as the fictive two-phase system becomes unbalanced. Moreover, the digital implementation of the transfer function imposes an additional computing burden on the VOC. The PIFA VOC presented in this paper, takes advantage of the reference current to create the required orthogonal current, which effectively eliminates the need for the filter transfer function. Moreover, the fictive signal amplitude and phase do not change with a frequency drift, which results in an increased reliability. This yields a fast, linear and stable system that can be installed without fine tuning. To demonstrate the good performance of the PIFA VOC, simulation and experimental results are presented.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
• /
• v.42 no.5 s.305
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2005

This paper describes some IC(integrated circuits) design and implementation techniques of low power multi-band Gm-C bandpass filter for body composition analyzer. Proposed BPF(bandpass filter) can be selected from three bands(20 KHz, 50 KHz, 100 KHz) by control signal. To minimize die area, a simple center frequency tuning scheme is used. And to reduce power consumption, operational transconductance amplifier operated in the sub-threshold region is adopted. The proposed BPF is implemented with 0.35 um 2-poly 3-metal standard CMOS technology Chip area is $626.42um\;{\times}\;475.8um$ and power consumption is 700 nW@100 KHz.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.24 no.12
• /
• pp.1113-1119
• /
• 2013

In this letter, a new approach is proposed for the design of a multi antenna for MIMO wireless devices. The proposed antenna covers various LTE(Long Term Evolution) service bands: band 17(704~746 MHz), band 13(746~787 MHz), band 5(824~894 MHz), and band 8(880~960 MHz). The proposed main antenna consists of a conventional monopole antenna with an inverted L-shaped slit for wideband operation. The proposed the LTE sub antenna is based on a switch loaded loop antenna structure, with a resonance frequency that can be controlled by capacitance of a logic circuit. The tuning technique for the LTE Rx antenna uses a RF MEMS(Micro-Electro mechanical system) to match the impedances to realize the bands of interest. Because the two proposed antennas are polarized orthogonally to each other, the ECC(Envelope Correlation Coefficient) characteristic between two antennas was measured to be very low (below 0.06) with an isolation characteristic below -20 dB between the two antennas in the operating overall LTE bands. The proposed antenna is particularly attractive for mobile devices that integrate LTE multiple systems.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.144-151
• /
• 2004

Stabilization and reduction of combustion noise and NOx emission from dry low NOx combustor of GE MS7001F gas turbine were achieved. Dry low NOx gas turbines that adopt the lean premixed combustion technology frequently generate the flame instability and high NOx emissions if not adequately tuned. Dynamic pressure oscillation during the combustion mode transfer increased as ambient temperature decreased with frequency of 80㎐ and magnitude of 4-9 psi. Effects of both combustor tuning for uniform fuel flow with burner nozzles and fuel pre-filling into transfer fuel valves on stabilisation of the dry low NOx combustor were very significant. Dynamic pressure oscillation during the combustion mode change was decreased up to 2.5 psi. Also, NOx emission from GE7F DLN-1 combustor can be maintained as low as 35-43ppm (15% O$_2$) in base load operation of 150 MW.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.539-545
• /
• 2016

In this paper, a novel coupled C type resonator is proposed for improvement of phase noise characteristics that is weak point of oscillator using planar type microstrip line resonator. Oscillator using proposed shorted coupled C type resonator is designed, it has improved phase noise characteristics. At the fundamental frequency of 9.8GHz, 4.87dBm output power and -84.7 dBc@100kHz phase noise have been measured for oscillator with shorted coupled C type resonator. Next, we designed voltage controlled oscillator using proposed shorted coupled C type resonator with varactor diode. The VCO has 33.8MHz tuning range from 9.7807GHz to 9.8145GHz, and phase noise characteristic is -115~-112.5dBc/Hz@100KHz. Due to its simple fabrication process and planar type, it is expected that the technique in this paper can be widely used for low phase noise oscillators for both MIC and MMIC applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.02a
• /
• pp.537-537
• /
• 2013

Cyclotron-accelerated ion beams are used for various researches, such as nuclear physics, nuclear chemistry, biotechnology, and material sciences including radio-isotope production. Recently considerable applications are asked to the cyclotron development undertaken to meet user requirements of various ions'energies, intensities, and their pulsed beams. For instance, a cocktail beam acceleration technique rapidly changing the ion species and energies was developed to irradiating integrated circuit chips. Also a chopping system in a cyclotron injection line is considered for producing a pulsed ion beam with a relatively long period compared with that generated by the resonance frequency. For the research in neutron time-of-flight measurement, a single-pulsed beam with a repetition interval of the order of mili-seconds or longer is necessary to have a good resolution and to remove background events. In this paper a feasibility of pulsed beam with an external ion source is simulated by adopting a combination system of a chopper accompanying with a bunching stage in the injection line and an additional chopper after the exit of the cyclotron in order to produce beam pulses with a range of $1{\mu}s{\sim}1ms$ periods from a resonance RF cycle. The pulseperiod will be adjusted by chopping the number of beam bunches from the injected pulses in the injection line. However, the longer pulses will have reduced number of beam pulses and sacrificed beam currents. Because the beam users need an intense single pulsed beam, a careful tuning of the acceleration phase and a high-intense external ion source are necessary to achieve an intense single-pulsed beam from the cyclotron. It is essential to strictly match the acceleration phase of injected beams in the central region of the cyclotron to improve its efficiency. An effect of space charge at each pulse from the ion source will be also considered.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.731-744
• /
• 2007

A method for dynamic analysis and design calculation of a Powertrain Mounting System(PMS) including Hydraulic Engine Mounts(HEM) is developed with the aim of controlling powertrain motion and reducing low-frequency vibration in pitch and bounce modes. Here the pitch mode of the powertrain is defined as the mode rotating around the crankshaft of an engine for a transversely mounted powertrain. The powertrain is modeled as a rigid body connected to rigid ground by rubber mounts and/or HEMs. A mount is simplified as a three-dimensional spring with damping elements in its Local Coordinate System(LCS). The relation between force and displacement of each mount in its LCS is usually nonlinear and is simplified as piecewise linear in five ranges in this paper. An equation for estimating displacements of the powertrain center of gravity(C.G.) under static or quasi-static load is developed using Newton's second law, and an iterative algorithm is presented to calculate the displacements. Also an equation for analyzing the dynamic response of the powertrain under ground and engine shake excitations is derived using Newton's second law. Formulae for calculating reaction forces and displacements at each mount are presented. A generic PMS with four rubber mounts or two rubber mounts and two HEMs are used to validate the dynamic analysis and design calculation methods. Calculated displacements of the powertrain C.G. under static or quasi-static loads show that a powertrain motion can meet the displacement limits by properly selecting the stiffness and coordinates of the tuning points of each mount in its LCS using the calculation methods developed in this paper. Simulation results of the dynamic responses of a powertrain C.G. and the reaction forces at mounts demonstrate that resonance peaks can be reduced effectively with HEMs designed on the basis of the proposed methods.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.665-678
• /
• 2017

In this paper the tuned mass-damper-inerter (TMDI) is considered for passive vibration control and energy harvesting in harmonically excited structures. The TMDI couples the classical tuned mass-damper (TMD) with a grounded inerter: a two-terminal linear device resisting the relative acceleration of its terminals by a constant of proportionality termed inertance. In this manner, the TMD is endowed with additional inertia, beyond the one offered by the attached mass, without any substantial increase to the overall weight. Closed-form analytical expressions for optimal TMDI parameters, stiffness and damping, given attached mass and inertance are derived by application of Den Hartog's tuning approach to suppress the response amplitude of force and base-acceleration excited single-degree-of-freedom structures. It is analytically shown that the TMDI is more effective from a same mass/weight TMD to suppress vibrations close to the natural frequency of the uncontrolled structure, while it is more robust to detuning effects. Moreover, it is shown that the mass amplification effect of the inerter achieves significant weight reduction for a target/predefined level of vibration suppression in a performance-based oriented design approach compared to the classical TMD. Lastly, the potential of using the TMDI for energy harvesting is explored by substituting the dissipative damper with an electromagnetic motor and assuming that the inertance can vary through the use of a flywheel-based inerter device. It is analytically shown that by reducing the inertance, treated as a mass/inertia-related design parameter not considered in conventional TMD-based energy harvesters, the available power for electric generation increases for fixed attached mass/weight, electromechanical damping, and stiffness properties.