• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.166-170
• /
• 2006

점액성섬유육종은 성인과 장년의 환자에서 사지의 가장 흔한 연조직 육종의 하나를 나타내고 있다. 하지만 이 종양은 흉벽에서는 희귀하게 발생한다. 58세의 여자환자가 본: 병원 일반외과에서 절제에 이은 수개월 후 재발하여서 우측 아래 흉벽에서 8${\times}$6.5 cm의 거대 종양덩어리를 보였다. 조직은 침윤성 심부에 위치한 피하층 종양이었고 명확한 점액성 변화와 중등도의 세포 충실성을 보이면서 명확한 엽성 성장을 보였다. 종양세포는 다양한 정도의 세포양상과 유사분열을 갖고 있는 방추형세포였고 궁형의 혈관양상을 보였다. 5-100, CD68과 Mac387 그리고 FX IIIa의 면역염색은 음성이었고 Vimentin 염색은 양성을 보였다. 조직양상은 점액성 섬유육종의 증간등급이었다. 광범위절제를 하였고 한달 후 퇴원하였는데 항암제나 방사선치료 없이 결손부위의 피부이식을 준비하고 있다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 1989

Effects of ionizing radiation alone and combined with chemotherapy on tumor growth and it's clonal specificity monitored by changes in distribution of chromosome number were studies in A549 ceil line originated from human adenocarcinoma of the lung. Radiation (300 rad, 600 rad and 900 rad) were delivered with or without 5-FU. Forty eight hours later, 57.5% of growth inhibition of cell w8s seen in cells treated with 5-FU concentration of $0.4{\mu}g/ml$ for 24hr exposure. Cell survival curves after radiation with and without 5-FU were made. Chromosomal analysis of cells in metaphase in control, and in cells treated with 300 rad of radiation, or $0.4{\mu}g/ml$ of 5-FU treatment, and combined treatment of both were done to examine the changes in ploidy and number of chromosome. Radiation combined with S-FU enhanced growth inhibition of A549 cells. However, no evidence of synergegic effects in growth. inhibition was observed in the cells treated with the combination therapy. Pattern of chromosomal distribution of survived cells were shifted from hyperploidy to hypoploidy by single dose of radiation (300 rad). As radiation dose increased a large number of hypoploidy cells were observed. Following treatment of cells with 5-FU, chomosomal distribution of survived cells were also shifted to hypodiploidy which were seen in cells treated with radiation, The ceil treated with 5-FU and fellowed by radiation within 24 hrs had cell with increased number of hypodiploidy cells. Almost same type of chromosomal changes were reproduced in cells treated with combined treatment with radiation and 5-FU. Minor differences were that cells with fewer number of chromosome were more frequent in cells treated with combined therapy. Further increase in cells of hypoploidy (93%) having 1-10 chromosome were induced by additional radiation. Therefore, the enhanced therapeutic effect of 5-FU combined with radiation of A549 cells appeared to be additive rather than synergistic.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.307-315
• /
• 1996

목적 : 방사선치료를 시행한 자궁경부암 환자들의 생존율을 예후인자별로 비교분석함으로써 방사선 치료의 지표로 삼고자 하였다. 방법 : 1987년 1월부터 1988년 12월까지 자궁경부암으로 진단받고 본원 치료방사선과에서 방사선치료를 시행하였던 460명의 환자에 대한 치료결과를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 방사선치료 방법으로는 외부방사선 조사만 시행한 군이 103예, 외부방사선 조사 및 자궁강내 방사선 치료를 함께 시행한 군이 357예였다. 추적율은 88%, 총 추적 기간의 중앙값은 48개월이었다. 결과 : 전체 환자의 5년 생존율은 66.2%였다. FlGO 병기에 따른 5년 생존율은 Ib 81.2%, IIa 76.3%, IIb 73.1%, IIIa 50%, IIIb 52.3%, IVa 11.5%였다. 예후인자에 대한 분석에서 종양의 크기(P=0.0002), 림프절의 전이여부(p=0.0001), 종양의 성장형태(p=0.003), 치료 당시의 혈중 혈색소 농도(p=0.0001), 종양 세포의 종류(p=0.0001)등이 통계적으로 유의한 예후인자였으며, 35세 미만의 조기 발병인 경우 생존율의 감소가 관찰되었다(p=0.03). 그외 편평상피세포암의 종양 세포의 각질화 유무, 강내 방사선 치료 회수 등에 의한 생존율의 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 결론 : 자궁경부암의 방사선 치료시 주요 예후인자로는 종양의 크기 및, 성장형태, 림프절의 전이여부, 방사선치료시의 평균 혈중 혈색소치, 종양 세포의 종류등 이었다. 또한 35세 이전의 조기 발병 시에도 생존율이 감소하였다. 종양의 크기가 크면서 내장성 종양이거나, III기 이상이면서 종양이 큰 경우 등은 생존율의 향상을 위해 좀더 적극적인 치료가 필요하다.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.317-322
• /
• 2009

목적: 담관암의 진단과 치료 평가를 위해서 여러 영상학적 방법이 이용되나 성장 형태를 포함한 질환의 성상이 아주 다양하고 종양과 주변 조직간의 대조도가 낮은 경우 발견이 어렵고 주로 종양 부분에 대한 국소 영상을 시행하여 질병의 전신 평가에는 충분하지 못할 수 있다. 이러한 점을 보완하기 위하여 $^{18}$F-FDG PET에 대한 연구가 이루어 지고 있는데, 본 연구에서는 담관암의 발생위치와 성장형태에 따라 $^{18}$F-FDG 섭취양상의 변화와 그에 따른 임상적 의의를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 4월부터 2008년 5월까지 담관암으로 진단 받고 PET/CT를 촬영한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 위치에 따른 담관암의 분류는 간내담관암과 간외담관암으로 나누고 간외담관암은 간문부암과 원위부 담도 암으로 나누었다. 간외담관암은 다시 그 성장형태에 따라 경화형, 결절형, 용종형으로 분류하여 PET양성인 환자들 중 SUV$_{max}$를 비교하였다. 결과: 총 82명의 담도암 환자들 중PET양성을 보인 환자는 81.7%이었다. PET 양성을 보인 간내담관암 환자는 23명으로 이들의 SUV$_{max}$는 9.4$\pm$4.1로 간외담관암보다 의미있게 높았다. 용종형의 간외담관암은 9명중 모두가 PET 양성이었고, SUV$_{max}$도 10.1$\pm$7.0으로 경화형, 결절형에 비해 높았다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로$^{18}$F-FDG PET은 간외담관암보다는 간내담관암을 가진 환자의 진단에 더 유용할 것으로 보이며, 간외담관암의 진단에 있어서는 담도벽을 따라 침윤성으로 발생하는 경화형보다는 종괴를 형성하는 용종형에서 더 의미있는 검사방법이 될 수 있겠다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권9호
• /
• pp.3939-3944
• /
• 2014

Background: To elucidate the role of rapamycin and PF4 on apoptosis regulation via Bax (pro-apoptosis), Bcl-2 (anti-apoptosis) and survivin activation on the growth in the 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea-induced invasive breast carcinoma model. Materials and Methods: Thirty five female Sprague Dawley rats at age 21-day old were divided into 4 groups; Group 1 (control, n=10), Group 2 (PF4, n=5), Group 3 (rapamycin, n=10) and Group 4 (rapamycin+PF4, n=10). MNU was administered intraperitionally, dosed at 70mg/kg body weight. The rats were treated when the tumors reached the size of $14.5{\pm}0.5mm$ and subsequently sacrificed after 5 days. Rapamycin and PF4 were administered as focal intralesional injections at the dose of $20{\mu}g$/lesion. The tumor tissue was then subjected to histopathological examinations for morphological appraisal and immunohistochemical assessment of the pro-apoptotic marker, Bax and anti-apoptotic markers, Bcl-2 and survivin. Results: The histopathological pattern of the untreated control cohort showed that the severity of the malignancy augments with mammary tumor growth. Tumors developing in untreated groups were more aggressive whilst those in treated groups demonstrated a transformation to a less aggressive subtype. Combined treatment resulted in a significant reduction of tumor size without phenotypic changes. Bax, the pro-apoptotic marker, was significantly expressed at higher levels in the rapamycin-treated and rapamycin+PF4-treated groups compared to controls (p<0.05). Consequently, survivin was also significantly downregulated in the rapamycin-treated and rapamycin+PF4-treated group and this was significantly different when compared to controls (p). Conclusions: In our rat model, it could be clearly shown that rapamycin specifically affects Bax and survivin signaling pathways in activation of apoptosis. We conclude that rapamycin plays a critical role in the induction of apoptosis in MNU-induced mammary carcinoma.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2005

목적: KLF6는 모든 조직에서 발현되고 있는 zinc finger를 가진 종양억제유전자로 인체 여러 암에서 불활성화되어 있다. 연구자들은 KLF6 단백의 발현 변화가 위암의 발생에 관여하는 지를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 85예의 파라핀 포매된 위암조직에서 암세포들으 각각 3군데에서 펀치하여 새로운 파라핀 블록으로 옮겨 위암의 tissue microarray를 제작하였다. Tissue microarray 절편에서 KLF6 단백에 대한 항체로 면역화학염색을 실시한 후 발현 양상을 병리 지표들인 조직학적 소견, 침습 정도, 림프절 전이 및 복막파종 등과의 연관성을 조사하였다. 결과: KLF6 단백은 위점막의 표면과 소와 상피세포에서 주로 발현되고 있었고 85예 중 28예($28.9\%$)에서 발현 소실이 관찰되었다. 흥미롭게도 KLF6 단백의 발현 소실은 림프절 전이와 통계적으로 연관성이 있었으나 조직학적 소견, 침습 정도와 복막파종과는 연관성이 없었다. 결론: 이러한 소견들은 KLF6 단백의 발현 소실이 위장관 상피세포의 비정상적인 성장과 분화를 유도하고 위암의 발생 및 진행에 관여한다는 것을 의미한다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.52-56
• /
• 2005

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been used extensively in the diagnosis of metastatic malignancies. However, metastatic soft tissue sarcomas are often overlooked, primarily due to the low frequency with/ which they occur. Here, we report a rare case of metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma in both cervical lymph nodes, which was detected by FNAC. A 45-year-old woman presented with anosmia, postnasal drip, and sneezing, symptoms which had persisted for 1 month. The patient was found to have a tumorous lesion at the upper portion of the mid-turbinate, with multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes, and this lesion was examined closely at our facility. FNA cytology smears obtained from both cervical lymph nodes revealed a high degree of cellularity, and displayed cohesive clusters with gland-like spaces, as well as single isolated cells with abundant karyorrhectic debris. The tumor cells exhibited round to oval nuclei containing fine chromatin, occasional small nucleoli, and scanty cytoplasm, or a total lack of cytoplasm. Some of the tumor cells were arranged in multinucleated forms and abundant dense eosinophilic cytoplasms, reminiscent of a rhabdomyoblast. The histological findings on the lymph nodes revealed an outstanding sinusoidal infiltration and a prominent alveolar growth pattern, interspersed with occasional typical rhabdomyoblasts. The immunohistochemical results [desmin (+), myoglobin (+), myogenin (+), pan CK (-), synaptophysin (-), neuron specific enolase (-)] supported a confirmative diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is a representative sarcoma, which typically manifests with nodal metastasis and carcinoma-like clustering. The cytopathologist should remain alert upon encountering unusual morphology, so that the possibility of this condition, although somewhat remote, should not be dismissed or overlooked.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.283-290
• /
• 2011

The recent increase of colon, breast, and prostate cancer incidence in Korea has been attributed to a diet pattern change to a more Western style, in which the foods eaten are higher in protein and fat. Whether high protein intake itself stimulates tumor cell growth and exacerbates disease status has been investigated, however, many epidemiological studies have inconsistent results between meat intake and the risk of certain cancers. These inconsistent results are partly because of the difficulty of studying the effects of just the meat intake. Other factors, such as overall meal context, could not be completely excluded in the study. To address the question of whether high protein itself is independently associated with carcinogenesis, we initiated ICR mice with 200 nmol ($50{\mu}g$) 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and fed animals either a normal diet (ND, 14% casein) or a high protein diet (HPD, 50% casein) for 15 weeks with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) promotion in two-stage skin carcinogenesis protocol. There was no significant difference between ND and HPD group in food intake and body weight throughout the experiment. However, tumor multiplicity of the HPD group was decreased by 75.5% compared to that of the ND group. In addition, HPD inhibited skin hyperplasia and epidermal cell proliferation. Western analyses with whole skin lysates showed that HPD inhibited TPA-induced Akt (S473), S6K (T389), 4E-BP1 (Thr 37/46) and Erk1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) phosphorylation as well as COX-2 expression. Taken together, these data suggest that a high protein diet has an anticarcinogenic effect by inhibiting the TPA-induced Akt signaling pathway.

• 대한세포병리학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 1995

The increased use of thyroid fine needle aspiration(FNA) has re-focused on $H\"{u}rthle$ cell lesions. The cytologic diagnosis of $H\"{u}rthle$ cell tumor is a challenge due to the presence of $H\"{u}rthle$ cells in non-neoplastic lesions and the inability to differentiate between benign and malignant $H\"{u}rthle$ cell tumor. We report a case of $H\"{u}rthle$ cell adenoma(HCA) un a 68-year old woman, with review of the cytopathologic findings. FNA revealed loosely cohesive or sheets of large oval to polygonal $H\"{u}rthle$ cells containing abundant granular cytoplasm. The hustopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of HCA with follicular growth pattern. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm was packed with variable sized mitochondria.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.530-543
• /
• 2006

Adeonoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of salivary glands. It is characterized by a relentless regrowth especially around nerve tissues and a high rate of hematogenous distant metastasis. Clinically most deaths from salivary ACC are caused by delayed lung metastases that are resistant to conventional chemotherapy. So, knowledge of cellular and molecular properties that influence the dissemination of metastatic tumor cells, is important for new treatment strategies of metastatic lesions. We determined expressions of angiogenic signaling molecules microvessel density (MVD) using surgical specimens of human salivary ACC. Protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2, activated VEGFR-2, and human CD31 were assessed in 20 cases of salivary ACC by immunohistochemical staining. Most of the tumors, especially ACC with a tubulocribriform pattern, were positive for antibodies of VEGF, VEGFR-2, and activated VEGFR-2. The overall percentages of the 20 specimens expressing VEGF, VEGFR-2, activated VEGFR-2 were 90, 95, and 95%, respectively. Immunoreactivities of the biomarkers in salivary ACC were higher than those in normal salivary gland. Furthermore, immune-related cells as well as tumor cells expressed VEGF/VEGFR-2. Microvessel density of salivary ACC was higher than that of normal salivary gland (P<0.05). Taken together, angiogenic signaling molecules are actively expressed in salivary ACC. And we suggest that these molecules may have critical role in the hematogenous spread of salivay ACC, which has a propensity for delayed lung metastasis. Therefore, these biomarkers can be molecular targets for therapy of metastasis of salivary ACC.