• 생태와환경
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2017

담수에 서식하는 참실지렁이(Tubifex tubifex)가 수온 변화에 따라 보이는 반응과 하상의 구성에 대한 선호성을 분석하였다. 수온이 증가할 때 참실지렁이는 활동성이 증가하였다. $10{\sim}16^{\circ}C$의 낮은 온도에서 50% 이상의 개체가 몸을 수축하고 꼬여있는 상태로 관찰되었으며, $24^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서는 대부분의 개체가 몸을 꼬임 없이 이완시킨 상태로 관찰되었다. 하상입자의 크기가 다른 여러 하상을 이용한 실험에서는 가장 작은 입자인 미사-진흙 (silt-clay, <0.063 mm)을 선호하였다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.320-329
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• 2023

환경에 존재하는 중금속인 Cd은 생물에게 유입되며 먹이사슬을 통해 생물에게 축적된다. 본 연구에서는 카드뮴 노출에 따른 오염지표생물인 실지렁이(Tubifex tubifex)의 체내 농축 반응 및 스트레스 유전자 발현 패턴을 분석하기 위해, 퇴적물 내 카드뮴 노출 후 생존율 변화, 체내 농축 농도 측정, 그리고 스트레스 반응 유전자인 열 충격 단백질(HSP60 and HSP70)과 항산화효소인 GST의 발현 패턴을 관찰하였다, Cd 노출 퇴적물에 노출된 T. tubifex의 생존율은 노출 10일에 0.4 mg kg^-1 Cd에서 93%, 1.87 mg kg^-1 Cd에서 96%, 6.09 mg kg^-1 Cd에서 93%로 관찰되었다. T. tubifex의 체내 Cd 농도는 퇴적물 내 Cd 농도에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 0.4 mg kg^-1 Cd에서는 실험 10일에 18.4 mg kg^-1 Cd, 1.87 mg kg^-1 Cd에서 실험 1일에 13.06 mg kg^-1 Cd, 6.09 mg kg^-1 Cd에서 실험 10일에 79.11 mg kg^-1 Cd로 가장 높게 나타났다. HSP60 유전자 발현은 6.09 mg kg^-1 Cd 노출 퇴적물에서 시간 의존적으로 발현이 대조군에 비해 증가였으며, HSP70은 모든 농도에서 대조군에 비해 시간 의존적인 발현의 증가를 보였다. 또한, GST는 모든 농도에서 실험 1일에 대조군에 비해 발현이 증가한 후, 실험 10일까지 발현이 감소하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 퇴적물 내에 존재하는 Cd에 대한 실지렁이의 생태독성학적 및 분자유전학적 독성영향을 확인한 결과로, 환경 내 오염지표종으로 실지렁이를 이용한 환경독성평가의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2022

Monitoring and assessing aquatic ecosystems using the behavior of organisms is essential for sustainable ecosystem management. Oligochaetes, which inhabit various freshwater ecosystems, are frequently used to evaluate the environmental conditions of freshwater ecosystems. Tubifex tubifex (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae) is tolerant to organic pollution and has been used to evaluate the toxicity of toxicants, including heavy metals. We studied the behavioral responses of T. tubifex to three different copper concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg L^-1). The specimens were exposed to copper in an observation cage containing 150 mL of dechlorinated water. Movement behavior (diameter, speed, acceleration, meander, and turning rate) was continuously observed for two hours before and after the copper treatments. After the treatments, the diameter shrank and showed rapid twisting movement under all the copper conditions. The turning rate had a positive correlation with meander and acceleration both before and after treatment at all three concentrations, whereas speed and meander had a negative correlation. Length and turning rate also showed a negative correlation. The correlation coefficient between speed and acceleration in the highest copper concentration changed from positive before treatment (r=0.64) to negative (r= -0.52) after treatment. Our results present the possibility of using behavioral parameters to detect copper contamination in freshwater ecosystems.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.583-592
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• 2023

Celebes rainbow (Marosantherina ladigesi) is one of Indonesia's exported ornamental fish commodities, but the exploitation of this fish only relies on wild catches. The rise of unlimited fishing, especially those using poison, has changed the aquatic environment, threatening sustainability and causing fish extinction. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of several types of feed in improving the absolute growth rate (AGR), specific growth rate (SGR), survival rate (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency (FE), hematology, and immune response of Celebes rainbow. The fish used in this study were male ornamental Celebes rainbow (M. ladigesi) weighing 1.32 ± 0.21 g/ind, reared in 54 L-aquariums at a stocking density of 30 individuals/aquarium for six weeks. The fish were fed according to the test diet consisting of live Tubifex sp worms, dry Tubifex sp worms, Spirulina platensis, and crumble pellets. The parameters observed were AGR, SGR, SR, FCR, FE, hematology, intestinal histology, liver histology, and a challenge test with the pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila. The results showed that fish-fed live Tubifex sp worms had better AGR, SGR, SR, FCR, FE, hematology, and disease resistance compared to all other treatments. These results indicate that live Tubifex sp worms are the best feed for rearing Celebes rainbow.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.240-247
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• 2014

Tubificid oligochaetes are common and frequently dominant in freshwater benthic habitats. They are so tolerant to water pollution that they are often used as biological indicators. Faunistic studies of Korean freshwater oligochaetes have been actively conducted recently. The most well studied oligochaete family in Korea is the tubificids following the naidids. Nine species of tubificids have been reported so far. Nevertheless, many species of tubificids still remain to be discovered in Korea. In this study, we added four species of tubificid oligochaetes to the Korean fauna, including Linmodrilus profundicola (Verrill, 1871), Potamothrix heuscheri (Bretscher, 1900), Tubifex blanchardi $Vejdovsk\acute{y}$, 1891, and Ilyodrilus templetoni (Southern, 1909) based on specimens collected from three locations in Korea: Cheonan-si, Geoje-si, and Seocheon-gun. In particular, P. heuscheri was first reported in Asia.

• 생태와환경
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.343-353
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• 2016

Oligochaetes distribute widely in freshwater ecosystem, and some species are used as bioindicators for water quality assessment because they are tolerant to organic enrichment. They are acknowledged for potential for environmental health recovery of organic polluted environment. There are a lot of studies on ecology and toxicity assessment using oligochaetes in aquatic environment. In this study, we reviewed literature on ecotoxicology of aquatic oligochaetes. We searched literature from a database 'google scholar' by using keywords such as aquatic, oligochaete, and toxicity. The literature were summarized according to publication years, species, test methods, and chemicals. We obtained 133 articles published from 1953 to 2015 from the database. Among them, 58 papers(43.6% of total) have been published in 1990s. Three species(Lumnbriculus variegatus, Tubifex tubifex, and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri) have been used most frequently in the study. Different species displayed different toxicological responses to different toxic chemicals. The results on the ecotoxicological study with aquatic oligochaetes revealed the possibility of the development for early warning system using aquatic oligochaetes to monitor aquatic ecosystem disturbance.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.181-184
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• 1975

체장 약 10cm 되는 잉어 치어를 이용하여 염도 $20\%_{\circ}$까지의 범위내에서 실험실내 수조에서 그들의 저항성과 성장에 관한 일련의 실험을 한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 염분도 $12\%_{\circ}$까지는 담수에서 바로 옮겨도 죽지 않았으며, 낮은 염분에서 적응시켜 높은 데로 옮기니 $15\%_{\circ}$까지 대부분 잘 살아 남았다. 실험기간의 수온은 실온하에서 $14\~27^{\circ}C$의 범위내였다. 성장실험에서는 $2\~8\%_{\circ}$ 범위서는 생사료인 실지렁이를 사용했을 때나, 건조 pellet 사료를 사용했을 때나 다 같이 성장률과 사료효율이 대단히 높았다. 그러나, $12\%_{\circ}$에서는 실지렁이를 주었을 때는 아주 좋지 못했지만, pellet에서는 성장율은 조금 낮았지만 사료효율은 대단히 높았다.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2016

Aquatic oligochaete plays an important role in freshwater ecosystem. These worms, therefore, have already been extensively studied around the world. But compared to other countries with East Asia, only 48 species of aquatic oligochaetes have been recorded in Korea. This is because taxonomic study of aquatic oligochaete is in just beginning stages. Our specimens of this study had been collected from eighteen locations in Korean peninsula. Analyzing them we identified twenty unrecorded species including one species of aelosomatid: Paranais orientalis, Pristina breviseta, P. notopora, P. foreli, P. synclites, Bratislavia prosetosa, Allonais gwaliorensis, Aulodrilus pluriseta, Limnodrilus neotropicus, L. maumeensis, L. amblysetus, Tubifex ignotus, Potamothrix cf. bedoti, P. bavaricus, Peipsidrilus cf. pusillus, Psammoryctides albicola, Varichaetadrilus vestibulatus, Tasserkidrilus cf. acapillatus, Propappus volki, Aeolosoma japonicum.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1968

The persent paper discusses the relation between water pollution and aquatic organisms resulted from the study of the water quality and the kinds of algea and aquatic insects both of the An-yang River from Mt. Kwan-ak to the Han River and of the Kock-neung River from Mt. Puk-han to the Han River during the spring of 1965 and 1966. According to the change of water quality, the An-yang River might be divided into three areas. In the first area, from Mt. Kwan-ak to near An-yang town, water quality is not so polluted that may aquatic organisms such as Anisogamarus ryotoensis, Epeorus, Cambaroides, Zygnem, Batrachospermum moniliform, Draparnaldia glomerata are found. In the second area where water is polluted by the inflow of sewerage water from An-yang town, the concentration of chloride, COD, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, alkali degree increased. Therefore, few aquatic insects and algea are found. In the third area, it is much polluted by the industrial sewerage water frojm Yeong-dong-po; and so the aquatic organisms that indicate strong pollution such as Oscillatoria, Euglena, Tubifex are found in this area. It is also significant that the Nereis japonica that indicates the pollution of brackish water is discorved in the some area. In the case of the Kock-neung River, however, it is not clearly divided into areas, as in the case of the An-yang Riber, according to the pollution of water; but because of villages and towns along the river the gradual pollution of water; but because of villages and towns along the river the gradual pollution of water is observed and accordingly, a considerable change in aquatic organisms is also found in this river. In the area near II-yeung town, for instance, the concentration of the chloride, hardness, nitrite, nitrate is very low, and ammonia-N is not detected; and accordingly the aquatic insects that generally inhabit in mountain stream, such as Anisogamarus ryotoensis, Cambaroides, Epeorus, Thraubs, Hydropsyche are found here. In the down stream of the river, from Kock-chon, the quality of water is considerably polluted and fine sands are found laid on the bottom of the stream; therefore, the aquatic insects are very few, but the algea such as Navicula, Pleusigma, Oscillatoria that indicate water pollution are found in this area.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.666-672
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• 2011

본 연구는 포식압에 따라 서로 다르게 나타나는 성장률에 대하여 한국산 도롱뇽 유생을 대상으로 이루어졌다. 인왕산에서 채집해온 도롱뇽의 알(난괴)을 포식압 유, 무에 따라 두 그룹으로 나누었다. 포식자 cue로는 버들치의 체취를 이용하였고, 포식압이 존재하는 그룹은 하루 세 번 포식자의 cue에 노출되도록 하였다. 포식자 cue 처리는 알 채집일 다음 날부터 부화 후 1주일까지 하였고, 이후 각 유생의 snout-vent length를 버니어 캘리퍼를 이용하여 측정하였다. 부화 후 1주일부터 2주일 사이의 기간 동안 각 그룹의 유생에게 충분한 양의 실지렁이를 먹이로 제공하였고, 남은 먹이는 제거하였다. 부화 후 2주일이 되는 날 각 유생의 snout-vent length를 다시 한 번 측정 한 후, 각 개체의 성장률을 계산하여 데이터 분석을 하였다. 그 결과 포식자 cue처리를 한 그룹은 그렇지 않은 그룹보다 낮은 성장률을 보였으며, 사망률 또한 높은 것으로 나타났다.