• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.509-513
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• 2020

Network marketing in Indonesia, especially in a time of crisis, is massively rising and has become a popular opportunity among other industries. Network marketing organizations, consists of partnership and trust, a community of connections and contact between individuals. This article has tried to examine the potential strategy to mitigate low trust in network marketing organizations specifically in the Indonesia market, where no studies on the subject has been done before. In doing this research assignment employed a secondary research methodology by reviewing previous academic literatures, by exploration and evaluation. For the purpose, 6 main articles and 25 relevant supporting articles were selected, there is an interesting and prominent research in an effort to repair trust in the perspective of the organization's efforts to build trust and control trust framework in strategy trust repair. The result of this analysis showed that the application of trust-building activities studies reveals how trust-building behavior is related to controls and how the efforts towards fostering subordinate cooperation are motivated by different types of controls and display of trustworthiness. It can be concluded that by implementing this trust repair model consistently and with a full commitment, it can gradually restore people's trust in the network marketing industry, sustain industry existence and exalted purpose of this industry can be achieved.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.129-154
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• 2013

Product-harm crises, which are connected to defective or dangerous products, are perceived as the most common threats to a company. Product harm crises can distort long standing favorable equality perceptions, tarnish a company's reputation, cause major revenue and market-share losses, lead to costly product recalls, and devastate a carefully nurtured brand equity. However, in spite of the devastating impact of product-harm crises, little systematic research exists to asses its marketing consequences. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate how Koreans react to the crisis response in the aftermath of different crises(competence violation vs. integrity violation) and inspire additional research in crisis communication. This study has three main findings which run counter to the assumptions of Kim et al.(2007). Namely, the current study expands on the research of Kim et al. (2004, 2007) by examining how companies repair customers' trust and corporate attitude after crises. Different from previous studies, this study assumes that apology for an integrity-based crisis is the most appropriate way to repair consumer trust and corporate attitude. As for competence-based crisis, similarly, apology for competence-based crisis can be more successful repairing consumer trust and corporate attitude. Concerning silence strategy, remaining silent dose not admit or deny guilt right away, but instead of asking the perceiver to withhold judgment, suggesting that, silence could be expected to be superior to apology but inferior to denial. Finally, apology for competence violation will be expected to bemore effective than apology for integrity violation. Research conceptual model was as follows: According to the results, apology is found to be the most effective strategy to repair corporate attitude no matter the crisis is perceived as a violation of competence or integrity. Second, company may consider keeping silent as a desirable response because they does not admit nor deny responsibility but ask the public to withhold judgment. However, the result of this study shows that, in the overall crisis situations, silence strategy did not differ significantly from the denial strategy, which suggested that the public wants explanation instead of uncertainty. Third, there was the interaction effect between crisis type and crisis response strategies. In this study, apology is more effective for the competence violated situation in terms of regaining consumer trust and repairing their attitude toward company, while the apology's effectiveness is lower for the integrity-violated situation. More specifically, when the crisis is perceived due to company's lack of ability(competence violation), consumer's trust belief and attitude toward the company is more easily to repair when the company issued a sincere apology. Damaged product is perceived less intentional so participants are more likely to give the company second chance when they apology to the public. By contrast, exaggerated advertisement(integrity violation) is perceived intentionally and thus makes participants angrier toward the accused company. Although apology is perceived as the most effective strategy, when issuing apology, it also means the company admitted their intention. Therefore, in this kind of crisis situation, trust repair needs not only a sincere apology but additional efforts.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.599-615
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• 2013

This paper aims to empirically explore how the partnership between the two industries influences on the satisfaction of ship management companies. In addition, this paper intends to provide relevant information to enhance the competitiveness of ship repair companies by revealing the causalities of variations consisting of the partnership between ship management companies and ship repair companies. It revealed what characteristics are embedded in the partnership between ship management companies, and how the consisting factors of this partnership influences on satisfaction throughout prior factors. And this paper explored the variables that influence on the satisfaction of ship repair companies.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.655-667
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• 2015

Lineage tracing is a widely used method for understanding cellular dynamics in multicellular organisms during processes such as development, adult tissue maintenance, injury repair and tumorigenesis. Advances in tracing or tracking methods, from light microscopy-based live cell tracking to fluorescent label-tracing with two-photon microscopy, together with emerging tissue clearing strategies and intravital imaging approaches have enabled scientists to decipher adult stem and progenitor cell properties in various tissues and in a wide variety of biological processes. Although technical advances have enabled time-controlled genetic labeling and simultaneous live imaging, a number of obstacles still need to be overcome. In this review, we aim to provide an in-depth description of the traditional use of lineage tracing as well as current strategies and upcoming new methods of labeling and imaging.

• 인지과학
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.205-228
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• 2022

본 연구는 인간 로봇 상호작용에서 로봇의 사회적이고 관계적인 행동 유형이 인간의 인식에 끼치는 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위한 실험에서는 연구 참여자들이 로봇 나오가 인간과 상호작용 하면서 로봇이 오류를 일으키고 신뢰회복을 위한 행동을 영상으로 시청한 후 로봇에 대한 신뢰를 평가하였다. 신뢰회복 행동은 로봇이 오류를 인정하고 사과하는 내부 귀인, 오류가 있었음을 사과하지만 외부로 귀인하는 조건, 오류 자체를 부인, 오류에 대해 아무런 사후 행동을 하지 않는 비 행동 조건으로 설정하였다. 이후 로봇에 대한 인간의 평가를 3가지 측면에서 분석하였다. 첫째, 로봇의 유능함과 정직성에 기반한 신뢰, 둘째 로봇에 대한 지각된 유능함과 정직성, 그리고 로봇의 오류로 인한 신뢰 위반에 대하여 오류의 심각성을 어떻게 지각하는지 탐색하였다. 실험의 결과는 3가지 모든 경우에서 로봇이 사과하지 않을 때보다 사과할 때 오류가 덜 심각하다고 지각하였으며 로봇에 대한 능력 또한 높이 평가하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 로봇의 행동유형과 오류 극복 방법에 따라 로봇에 대한 인간의 태도가 민감하게 반응 할 수 있다는 근거를 제공하며 로봇에 대한 인간의 지각이 변할 수 있음을 시사한다. 특히 로봇이 스스로의 오류를 인정하고 사과하는 것이 더 신뢰를 높인다는 결과는 로봇이 인간처럼 사회적이고 매너있는 행동을 통해 긍정적인 인간 로봇상호작용을 증진시킬 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.251-260
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• 2022

기술의 발달과 스마트 스피커 보급의 증가에도, 스마트 스피커의 대화 오류로 사용자 만족도는 하락하고 있다. 이 연구는 스마트 스피커의 대화형 에이전트 맥락에서 '자기발화수정 전략'이 과업 중요도 수준과 대화 오류 여부에 따라 사용자 경험에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 대화 오류에 따라 시나리오를 제작하고 과업 중요도 수준에 따라 집단을 나눠 실험을 진행해 신뢰, 지각된 유용성, 지각된 용이성, 수용의도를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 에이전트의 자기발화수정 전략은 완전한 수행과 비교해 신뢰와 지각된 용이성에 부적 영향을 주며, 과업 중요도와의 상호작용을 통해 수용의도에 영향을 미치는 것을 발견하였다. 이 연구는 대화형 에이전트 연구에서 미흡했던 자기발화수정 전략의 효과를 실증적으로 알아보았고, 자기발화수정 전략의 수용과 관련된 사용자 경험 요인을 살펴보았다는 점에서 의의를 가진다.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.423-426
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• 2023

Backgrounds/Aims: Patients who undergo pancreatic surgery with venous resection have high rates of morbidity/mortality. Also, they are high-risk for postoperative venous thromboembolism. Whether this group should be routinely anticoagulated is unknown. This study aimed to establish current anticoagulation practices. Methods: A survey (https://form.jotform.com/220242489107048) was sent out to pancreatic surgeons. Questions covered center volume, venous resection/reconstruction techniques and anticoagulation policies. Results: Sixty-five centers from 17 countries responded. Following a "side-bite" venous resection with a patch repair, 40% used an autologous vein patch, 27% used peritoneum, and 27% used a bovine patch. After formally resecting a segment of vein, 17% of centers used an interposition graft (IG). Left renal vein (41%) and polytetrafluoroethylene (73%) grafts were the most commonly used autologous and prosthetic IGs, respectively. Following a prosthetic IG, an autologous IG, and a "side-bite" resection, 59%, 28%, and 19% of centers provided therapeutic anticoagulation, respectively (66% used low molecular-weight heparin). The duration of therapy provided varied from inpatient stay only (14%) to six months (32%). Conclusions: Our global survey indicates that anticoagulation practices are highly variable. Centers do not agree on when to anticoagulate, how to anticoagulate, or the duration of therapy. A robust trial is required to provide clarity.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-36
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• 2012

서비스실패는 고객이탈의 주요 원인이다. 오늘날과 같은 공급과잉의 치열한 경쟁시장에서 서비스실패로 인한 결과는 단순한 고객불평에서 끝나지 않고 해당기업에 대한 대중 소비자의 반기업정서를 유발할 만큼 치명적일 수 있다. 따라서 효과적인 복구전략 개발을 위해, 실패와 복구에 대한 고객반응을 심도있게 설명할 수 있는 연구가 필요하다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 서비스실패와 복구를 '고객-기업 관계의 위기와 회복'이라는 관점에서 조망하여, 복구만족도 수준에 따라 고객애정, 고객신뢰, 충성의도의 이월효과와 심각성의 직접 효과 및 실패 이전과 복구 이후 시점간 관계특질변수들의 역학관계변화도 비교분석하였다. 분석결과, 일단 실패가 발생하면 복구만족수준에 상관없이 충성의도는 미래로 이월되지 않았고, 실패의 심각성은 충성의도에 유의한 부정적 영향을 미쳤다. 다시 말해 실패의 발생으로 그 무엇보다도 고객충성도가 가장 큰 타격을 입었다. 다행히 충성의도의 선행변수인 고객애정과 신뢰는 복구만족이 높은 경우 실패 이전에서 복구 이후로 이월효과를 보였다. 복구만족이 낮은 경우는 이월효과가 전혀 발견되지 않았고, 실패의 심각성이 문제시되어 신뢰와 애정의 회복에 장애물로 작용했으며, 과거에 비해 고객애정의 충성의도에 대한 직접 효과도 감소하였다. 일단 실패가 발생한 후에는 복구수준과 상관없이 충성의도 형성에 있어 고객신뢰의 중요성이 급증했다는 점도 중요한 발견점이었다. 연구결과를 통해, 실패복구상황에서 고객층성도 재구축을 최종 지향점으로 삼되, 그 과정에서 무엇보다도 신뢰의 회복을 최우선 목표로 설정해야 하고, 심각한 실패일수록 반드시 높은 복구 만족도를 달성해야 한다는 교훈을 얻었다. 복구만족의 조절효과 및 실패심각성과의 상호작용 패턴에 대한 흥미로운 발견을 바탕으로 이론적, 관리적 시사점을 도출하였으며 연구의 한계와 향후 연구과제에 대해서도 논의하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.404-405
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• 2008

This paper is analyzed that the development of intelligent terminal unit for the switchgear partial discharge diagnosis. It is the core technology for supplying with stable and trust electric as a technology that be economic of the high efficient, the maintain, the confidence and the repair. So the condition diagnosis of the switchgear is necessary by developing inteligent terminal unit.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1977

The results analyzed of the actual state of medium size two-boat trawler fishery based on the cost expended in 1975 are as follows: According to the calculation of interest, the total cost of this fishery comes to ￦ 55,353,807, and in this account, the production cost comes to ￦ 49,747,383 (89.9%) and the material cost comes to ￦ 27,027,662(48.8%), the labour cost comes to ￦ 10,381,013 (18.8%) the expenses, ￦12,338,708(22.3%) and commision and interest comes to ￦ 5,606,424 (10.1%). As above the fishery comes is 90% of production cost for the expense of production. The ratio of cost element to the total cost 100 is as follow: Fuel: 23.6%, allocation: 14.3%, fishing gear: 14.1%, boat repair: 13.0%, fish box: 8.5%, ice: 14.1%, commission: 6.9%, food cost: 4.5%, interest: 3.2%, transportation fee: 2.8%, consumption: 2.6%, tax: 2.5%, depreciation: 2.4%, administrative expense: 1.6%. The unit cost of catches to each box, including the interest, cames to ￦ 2,167 and not calculating the interest it comes to ￦ 2,098. The cost production to each kg comes to ￦ 114 including interest, without interest, it comes ￦110. When the production cost comes to 90.6%, it comes to 9.4% of total revenue. The reason which this fishery brings low income is that the boats are almost old and semi-diesel engine is used. So, fuel expense and repaire expenses needs too much. Acconding to above this fishery needs to replace new boat and new engine. And new are for this fishery needs to bring under cultivation in order to bring good income with the new method for this fishery. Specially, this fishery brings low income from July to September because of its rest from labour. And so, the expenses, item, and account of money, and the trust money the cost element are not showed in August.