• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.214-218
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential hypolipidemic effect of job's tears diet with the controlled intake of fiber in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Forty eight rats were fed either control diet or experimental diets (Raw, milled job's tears(RMJ); Raw, whole grain job's tears(RWJ);Steamed, milled job's tears(SMJ);Roasted, milled job's tears(OMJ)) for 3 weeks. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), free fatty acid(FFA) and triglyceride (TG) in plasma, liver and skeletal muscle were compared. Compared to diabetic control group, the level of plasma TC was lower in OMJ an SMJ fed rats, and was not different from that in RMJ and RWJ fed rats. The level of LDL-C was significantly lower in RMJ, OMJ and SMJ fed rats. For plasma HDL-C levels, no difference was observed among all group. Plasma FFA level significantly lower in RMJ, SMJ and RWJ fed rats, Plasma TG a levels of all job's ears fed groups were 50∼70% lower and liver TG levels of all job's tears fed groups were 70∼80% lower than those fo diabetic control group. For muscle TG, no differences were seen among all groups. These results suggest that steamed job's tears and roasted job's tears could have the potentaila on improving lipid profile fo diabetes in clinical setting and the different cooking methods of job's tears might affect the lipid profile of the diabetic rats.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2016

Objectives : Blood stasis (BS) is related to be caused by blood circulation and stagnation which are cancer, atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia in traditional medicine. We extracted 3 kinds of BS formula; Seogakjihwang-tang (SGT), Tonggyuhawlhyul-tang (THT), Hyulbuchukeo-tang (HCT). This study was conducted to investigate whether the 3 kinds of herbal formula extracts have inhibitory efficacy association with anti-adipogenesis. Methods : To investigate the anti-adipogenesis, we used the mouse fibroblast cell line, 3T3-L1 which differentiated into adipocytes in response to insulin, IBMX and dexamethasone (MDI). Cytotoxicity of herbal formula extracts were examined by CCK-8 kit. Intracellular lipid droplets were detected by Oil-Red-O staining. Triglyceride (TG) and leptin were measure using elisa kit. Results : The yield of water extracts was 14.62% (SGT), 21.27% (THT), 20.02% (HCT). Lipid accumulation was reduced significantly by 3 kinds of herbal formula compared to control. Especially, THT and HCT decreased lipid droplet, respectively at all concentration. The TG and leptin were also inhibited by 3 kinds of herbal formula. The IC50 of TG were $280.51{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ (SGT), $52.62{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ (THT), $313.99{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ (HCT). The IC50 of leptin were $348.76{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ (SGT), $164.02{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ (THT), $257.00{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ (HCT). THT was better than other herbal formula on anti-adipogenesis. Conclusion : kinds of herbal formula inhibited adipogenesis in MDI-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes, as indicated by the significant reduction in TG and leptin concentration without cytotoxicity. Therefore, 3 kinds of herbal formula for BS might act as a therapeutic agent for preventing lipid diseases, such as obesity and atherosclerosis.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Ginger, a root vegetable, is known to have antioxidant and antiobesity effects. Preparation, such as by steaming, can affect the chemical composition of prepared root vegetables or herbs and can change their functional activities. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of steamed ginger against oxidative stress and steatosis in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet. MATERIAL/METHODS: The levels of polyphenols and flavonoids in two different extracts of steamed ginger, i.e., water extract (SGW) and ethanolic extract (SGE); as well, their antioxidant activities were examined. Forty male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet (ND, n = 10), high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat, w/w, n = 10), HFD supplemented with 200 mg/kg of SGE or garcinia (GAR) by weight (SGED or GARD, respectively, n = 10) for 12 weeks. Serum chemistry was examined, and the expressions of genes involved in lipid metabolism were determined in the liver. Histological analysis was performed to identify lipid accumulations in epididymal fat pads and liver. RESULTS: The SGE had higher contents of polyphenols and flavonoids and higher DPPH and $ABTS^+$ free radical scavenging activities compared to those of SGW. Treatment with SGE or GAR significantly decreased the HFD-induced weight gain. Both SGE and GAR significantly reduced the high serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein levels induced by HFD. Compared to ND, HFD significantly increased hepatic TC and TG levels. SGE or GAR supplementation significantly decreased the increase of hepatic lipids by HFD. Interestingly, SGE had a more significant effect in reducing hepatic TC and TG levels than GAR. Furthermore, hepatic genes involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis were altered in both the SGED and GARD groups. CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that steamed ginger supplementation can decrease plasma TC and TG and can inhibit liver steatosis by regulating the expressions of hepatic genes.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2013

Objectives : This study aimed to compare the anti-diabetic efficacy of Lycii Radicis Cortex (Lycium chinense Mill.) and Corni Fructus (Cornus officinalis) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups; normal, STZ-control, Lycii Radicis Cortex extract-administrated group (LRC) and Corni Fructus extract-administrated group(CF). Diabetes in rats was induced by intraperitonal injection with streptozotocin (STZ) at doses of, 30 mg/kg (body weight) for 5 days (once per a day). STZ-induced diabetic rats were orally administrated LRC and CF extract daily for 4 weeks at doses of 300 mg/kg. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were measured in sera of rats. Histopathological changes of kidney, liver and lung tissues were observed by microscope after H&E staining. Results : There were no differences in body and kidney weights, food intake and water intake in LRC- and CF-administrated groups compared with STZ control group. However, glucose, TC and TG levels in serum were significantly decreased in LRC-administrated groups compared with STZ-control group. In histopathological analysis of kidney, liver and lung, both LRC- and CF-administrated groups showed the inhibition of morphological damage. Conclusions : These results suggest that LRC and CF have a biological action on STZ-induced diabetes in rats via decreasing the serum TG and TG levels and may protect the morphological changes of kidney, liver and lung.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.155-159
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• 2003

Ninety rats were fed either a control diet or one of several allium vegetable diets (allium sativum (AS), allium cepa (AC), allium fistulosum (AF) or aliium tuberosum (AT) for 4 weeks and were separated into 3 groups : non-exercise (NE), exercise (EX), and exercise and recuperation (ER), The EX group was exercised on a treadmill for 1 hour just before sacrifice at the end of 4th week of diet intake and the ER group was recuperated for 2 hours after exercise. The levels of glucose (GLU), (PRO), triglyceride (TG), free fatty arid (FFA) and hemoglobin (Hb) were compared in plasma. In the U group, GLU levels of AS and AC tended to be higher than those of the control group. There were no differences in GLU levels between the control group and the allium vegetable groups in EX, whereas GLU levels of AS, AF and AT tended to be lower than that of control group in ER. There were no differences in PRO among the groups NE, EX and ER. TG and EEh levels of AS, AC, AF and AT tended to be lower than those of the control group in NE, EX and ER. Hb levels of AS, AC, AF and AT were lower than that of the control group in U and ER and tended to be lower than that of EX. These results suggest that allium vegetable diets have the potential to enhance the capacity to oxidize fatty acid and to recover triglyceride after recuperation, although there is compensation among stored fuel utilization during exercise

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 스트렙토조토신(Streptozotocin,STZ)으로 유발된 당뇨쥐에게 맥문동(Liriope platyphylla,Lp)에탄올 추출물(수율:30.7%)을 1,000mg/kg용량으로 7일간 경구 투여 후 혈청속의 혈당함량과 당대사와 관련된 몇 몇 효소와 지질대사와 관련된 물질을 측정한 결과 혈당과 triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol의 농도는 STZ대조군과 비교하여 맥문동 투여군에서 유의적인 감소를 나타내었고, glucose-6-pase(g-6-pase)활성은 STZ 대조군과 비교하여 유의적인 감소를, glucokinase(gk)활성은 증가를 나타내었다. 또한 hepatic glycogen 함량은 STZ대조군과 비교하여 유의적인 증가를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 실험 결과 맥문동 에탄올 추출물을 스트렙토조토신으로 유발된 당뇨쥐에 있어서 항 당뇨 성분을 함유하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.186-193
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• 1999

Recent epidemiologic and clinical students have shown that plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels are independent risk factors for coronary heart disease. However, there is not much data on the characteristics of anthropometry and lipid profiles of hypercholesterolemia patients with hypertiglyceridemia. In this study, 112 hypercholesterolemic subjects$(T.C{\ge}240mg/dl)$ were divided into two groups by their plasma triglyceride levels. We compared the anthropometric measurements and lipid profiles of the subjects between the two groups : the simples hypercholesterolemic group(SHC, TG<200mg/dl) and the combined hypercholesterolemic group$(CHC, TG{\ge}250mg/dl)$. The distribution of the subjects into the SHC and CHC groups was 36.6% and 47.3%, respectively. The frequency of the CHC patients decreased with age. The subjects in this group had higher weight, BMI, HWR, cricumferences of mid arm, waist, hip and thigh, and skinfold thicknesses of biceps and triceps than those of the SHC subjects. The difference of plasma total cholesterol level was mainly due to the difference of VLDL-C levels. These differences resulted in the CHC subjects having higher atherogenic indexes and T-C/HDL-C ratios than those of the SHC subjects. Also, the former had higher Apo-B and insulin levels than those the latter. However, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and HDL-C levels were not significantly different between the two groups. These results suggest that hypercholesterolemic patients with hypertriglyceridemia have riskier lipid profiles for CHD than those of patients with normal triglyceridemia. They also indicate that CHC is closely associated with glucose resistance syndrome(obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia), and more prevalent in young people.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary sea-tangle extracts on blood glucose levels, serum lipid levels, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and glutathione enzymes in diabetic rats treated with streptozotocin (STZ) Four groups of rats (Sprague-Dawley male rats, 180 - 200g) were consisted of normal rats fed control diet (C), diabetic rats fed control diet (CD), normal rats fed sea-tangl extracts diet (E), and diabetic rats fed sea-tangle extracts diet (ED). Diabetes was induced by single injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg B.W.). After 7 weeks, rats were sacrificed, serum glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride levels and glutathione enzymes were measured. Urine was significantly higher in CD and ED groups than those of others (p < 0.05). Levels of amylase, calcium, uric acid, hemoglobin, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol were different among four groups. But high density cholesterol (HDL)-cholesterol of ED group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than other groups (C and E group) And the weekly change of serum glucose was decreased in the 3th,4th and 5th weeks. But serum triglyceride (TG) of diabetic rats fed sea-tangle extracts diet (ED) was lower than diabetic rats fed control diet (CD). Activity of hepatic microsomal G6Pase was significantly increased CD and ED groups higher than C and E group, but kidney was decreased ED group. Hepateic glutathione S-transferase (GST) of CD and ED group were significantly lower than C and E group (p<0.05), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) of E and ED group were significantly higher than C and CD group (p<0.05), glutathione reductase (GR) activities of ED group was significantly lower than other groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) of ED was lower than E and CD group, but kidney was increased significant in ED group compared to liver. These results suggested that dietary sea-tangle extracts reduce .hepatic disorders such as oxidant than kidney. In conclusion, dietary sea-tangle extracts groups reduced blood TG and hepatic MDA levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.873-881
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• 2000

Recent research reported health risks associate with high carbohydrates diets. Objectives of this study were to evaluate in a cross-sectional study if high carbohydrate diet is associated with coronary heart disease(CHD) risk factors: examined blood concnetration of triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure(BP), body mas index(BMI), wasit-hip ratio(WHR) and waist-stature ratio(WSR). Using the most recent US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(IIINHANES III) data, the nationally representative US population (3772 men, 4095 women of 25-64 years of age) was divided into low vs. high carbohydrate diet groups(below 40% vs. above 60% energy intake from cab carbohydrates) and compared by the CHD risk factors. Triglyceride was higher(p<0.001) in the high carbohydrate group, whereas high density-lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was lower(p<0.01) in the high carbohydrate diet group. In plasma glucose, there was no significant differences between high carbohydrate diet and low carbohydrate diet. In adiposity(BMI, WHR and WSR), it also showed no significant differences, After adjustment for age, ethnicity, alcohol and smoking in upper 60%-carbohydrate diet, Odds Ratio of TG and HDL-C were 1.42 and 1.23 in men and 1.22 and 1.17 in women. 50-60% carbohydrate diet was associated with decreased risk of CHD. Dietary guidelines for Koreans recommend 60-70% of total energy from carbohydrate, as Koreans traditionally consumed high carbohydrate diets. In a cross-sectional population of adults, diets containing 55-60% energy from carbohydrate were suggested as a dietary guideline of carbohydrate intake for Koreans. (Korean J Nutrition 33(8) : 873-881, 2000)

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2007

Chronic treatment with olanzapine (OLZ), an atypical antipsychotic drug, is associated with the adverse effects of weight gain, hyperglycemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia. Green tea or epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), one of the most abundant green tea polyphenols, significantly reduces or prevents an increase in glucose levels, lipid markers and/or body weight. We hypothesized that combined treatment with OLZ and green tea extract (GTE) or EGCG may prevent body weight gain and increase of the lipid markers. ICR male mice weighing an average of 30.51 g (n=32) at the beginning of the experiment were used. OLZ, OLZ+GTE and OLZ+EGCG were administered for 27 d in the drinking water, and then the levels of fasting glucose, nitric oxide (NO), and a typical lipid marker triglyceride (TG) were determined in plasma. The body weight and food intake were also compared. The chronic treatment of OLZ increased the average body weight compared with that of controls. In the presence of GTE or EGCG, the OLZ-induced increase in body weight was significantly prevented. Furthermore, in the OLZ group, the plasma levels of glucose, NO and TG were significantly increased, whereas GTE or EGCG prevented these increases. These results implicate that OLZ may induce systematic inflammatory reaction, and suggest that GTE or EGCG can protect against OLZinduced weight gain, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia.