• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.59
• /
• pp.31-49
• /
• 2012

This study investigates normative role model of the journalists under the changing environment. Firstly, this article explores what pressure the new media environment gives to the journalists in their routine of news production and distribution. These are stated from the angle of epistemological, professional and interactive pressure. Next, as a reference for the standard journalism in the age of mass media, the idea of Rhee Young-hee, a late journalist who won respects from many Korean journalists, is studied. His firm belief in the pursuit of hard facts, rigorous investigative writing and expertism are spelt out. Then, this study explores how, in real term, this pressure changes the journalistic value, norm and practices in the newsroom. Ten of Koran journalists are interviewed in order to get their idea about the emerging journalistic standards under the digital environment. From this in-depth interviews, it is conclued that the pursuit of hard fact, investigative writing, expertism of Rhee Young-hee are, nonetheless the change of the media technology, still effective and provide good reference points for the enhancement of the standard of journalism in Korea. However, it is also suggested that the methods to fulfil desirable journalism in the digital age should be different from that of the mass communication age. The interviewees make propose that the journalist, as a network node, news curator or coordinator, should actively interact with the audiences facilitating their enhanced potential as a news 'prosumer'(producer and consumer).

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.513-522
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we prove common fixed point theorems for families of occasionally weakly compatible mappings in Menger spaces using implicit relation. Our results extend and generalize the results of Altun and Turkoglu [9] in the sense that the concept of occasionally weakly compatible maps is the most general among all the commutativity concepts. Also the completeness of the whole space, continuity of the involved maps and containment of ranges amongst involved maps are completely relaxed.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.30 no.5_6
• /
• pp.729-740
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we prove common fixed point theorems for occasionally weakly compatible maps in Menger spaces with a continuous t-norm of H-type. As application to our results, we obtain the corresponding fixed point theorems in metric spaces. Our results improve and generalize many known results in Menger spaces as well as in metric spaces.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.665-678
• /
• 2014

We present a new space-time discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for solving the time dependent, positive symmetric hyperbolic systems. The main feature of this DG method is that the discrete equations can be solved semi-explicitly, layer by layer, in time direction. For the partition made of triangle or rectangular meshes, we give the stability analysis of this DG method and derive the optimal error estimates in the DG-norm which is stronger than the $L_2$-norm. As application, the wave equation is considered and some numerical experiments are provided to illustrate the validity of this DG method.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.733-743
• /
• 2012

In the present paper, we prove common fixed point theorems for single-valued and set-valued occasionally weakly compatible mappings in Menger spaces. Our results improve and extend the results of Chen and Chang [Chi-Ming Chen and Tong-Huei Chang, Common fixed point theorems in Menger spaces, Int. J. Math. Math. Sci. 2006 (2006), Article ID 75931, Pages 1-15].

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.17-19
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we consider an interesting variant of the inverse minimum traveling salesman problem. Given an instance (G, w) of the minimum traveling salesman problem defined on a metric space, we fix a specified Hamiltonian cycle $HC_0$. The task is then to adjust the edge cost vector w to w' so that the new cost vector w' satisfies the triangle inequality condition and $HC_0$ can be returned by the minimum spanning tree algorithm in the TSP-instance defined with w'. The objective is to minimize the total deviation between the original and the new cost vectors with respect to the $L_1$-norm. We call this problem the inverse metric traveling salesman problem against the minimum spanning tree algorithm and show that it is closely related to the inverse metric spanning tree problem.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2003

Purpose: The strength of hand grip, low back muscles and knee joint muscles were measured and then compared to the bone mineral density (BMD) of each forearm bones (including ulna and radius), lumbar spine, and femur in young women in order to identify the relationship between muscle strength and bone mineral density. Method: The BMD was measured with a Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry and muscle strength was measured with a handgrip dynamometer and a Cybex Norm. Data were analyzed with frequencies, percentages, means, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Result: 1) Higher grip strength correlated positively with higher BMD in the forearm (r=.246, p=.007), higher low back extensor strength with higher BMD in the femur (neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle)($r=.323{\sim}.226$, $p=.003{\sim}.043$) and higher strength in the knee joint extensor with higher BMD in the lumbar spine (r=.227, p=.041), femur neck, and femur trochanter significantly ($r=.295{\sim}.226$, $p=.007{\sim}.043$). There was no significant correlation between the strength of low back extensors and BMD in the lumbar spine, now with strength of knee joint flexor and the BMD in the femur. 2) The muscle strength of each part of the body had significant positive correlations to each other part ($r=.255{\sim}.728$ $p=.021{\sim}.000$) Conclusion: The results of this study showed that with the development of a muscle there was an increased BMD of the corresponding part, and the BMD of each part was influenced by adjacent muscles. To promote the health of bones, it is important to strengthen the muscles of related bones, based on balanced development of all muscles.